20 13 college entrance examination reform

In 2007, Guangdong, Hainan, Shandong and Ningxia took the lead in starting the new curriculum college entrance examination. This year, Tianjin, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian and Liaoning are the third batch of experimental areas for the new college entrance examination, and 1 1 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions' new college entrance examination schemes have appeared one after another. (Editor's note: Beijing's new college entrance examination plan was released on the 9th, which should be the plan of 12 provinces. In the first three rounds of pilot projects, the programs of various provinces and cities showed many new ideas in seeking novelty and change. With the expansion of the pilot area, the new curriculum concept is more prominent in the plan. China is gradually reforming the current college entrance examination system.

From "Chong" to "Hui" in Guangdong

In 2004, Shandong, Ningxia, Guangdong and Hainan provinces entered the experiment as the first experimental areas of the new curriculum reform in senior high schools in China. Three years later, the new college entrance examination programs in four provinces and regions passed the evaluation of the Ministry of Education. In June of that year, the new college entrance examination officially met with candidates. In the first batch of experimental areas, Guangdong's scheme is undoubtedly controversial.

According to the plan announced that year, Guangdong Province implemented the "3+ liberal arts foundation/science foundation +X" plan. Among them, "3" is Chinese, mathematics and foreign languages. Both "liberal arts foundation" and "science foundation" only test the required course content of the new curriculum standard. "X" is an optional subject, including 9 subjects including physics, chemistry, biology, politics, history, geography, music, art and physical education. Select a theme. The setting of elective subject X has broken the old framework of traditional unified proposition and unified subject in college entrance examination, and students have more choices, which embodies the characteristics of respecting individual differences and diversity in the new curriculum concept of senior high school. Students can choose examination subjects according to their own specialties and hobbies.

However, candidates do not buy it. In the first year of Guangdong's new college entrance examination, subjects with little competition and easy to open points have become the first choice for most candidates, and those subjects that they like and are not easy to open points are rarely favored. At the same time, because the scoring method of the new college entrance examination has been changed from the standard score used for many years to the original score, the difficulty of each subject is different and the scores are difficult to compare, which causes doubts from parents and candidates.

In the college entrance examinations in 2007 and 2008, some candidates and their parents "wrote" to the provincial examination institute because a certain X subject was difficult, and even asked for re-approval of the grading standard of science X subject ... At the Guangdong Provincial People's Congress in June 5438+ 10, 2008, the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Democratic Progressive Party submitted a proposal to cancel X subject. In June of that year, 5438+065438+ 10, the new college entrance examination in Guangdong introduced an adjustment plan-starting from the college entrance examination in 20 10, the X subject was cancelled and the examination subject was adjusted to "3+ liberal arts comprehensive/science comprehensive", which is similar to the college entrance examination subjects in most provinces and cities in China. For this change, the Guangdong Provincial Department of Education explained that the abolition of subject X reduced the selectivity of paying attention to candidates required by the curriculum reform in senior high schools, but it was more acceptable to the majority of candidates when accepting the selection.

Liu Haifeng, an expert in college entrance examination and president of Xiamen University Education Research Institute, has been paying close attention to the implementation of the new college entrance examination in various provinces and cities. In his view, the new curriculum emphasizes the development and diversification of students' personality, and the college entrance examination programs in many experimental areas also reflect these contents to some extent. At the same time, the diversity, flexibility, elective courses, modules and other concepts required by the new curriculum are also incompatible with the actual operation of the college entrance examination to a certain extent.

Liu Haifeng believes that fairness, efficiency and comparability are the most important and important things to pay attention to in large-scale selective examinations. If there is no comparability, it is difficult to be fair, and if there is too much diversity, it will easily lead to insufficient comparability. The adjustment of the Guangdong plan is such an example.

New College Entrance Examination with Frequent Changes in Jiangsu Province

In 2008, Jiangsu Province entered the experimental area of the new college entrance examination. As a big education province, Jiangsu college entrance examination has been groping for progress in changes, and even some media have concluded that Jiangsu college entrance examination has changed five programs in ten years. Such a high-frequency conversion was not spared when designing a new college entrance examination plan in this province.

Compared with the first round of college entrance examination scheme in pilot provinces and cities, the complexity of Jiangsu scheme is even worse. This program strengthens the proportion of academic level test scores in the college entrance examination. In 2008, there were only three subjects in Jiangsu College Entrance Examination: Chinese, Mathematics and Foreign Languages, with a total score of 480. At the same time, students are tested in six subjects: politics, history, geography, physics, chemistry and biology, including two elective subjects and four compulsory subjects. The selected subjects are selected by candidates in history, physics, politics, geography, chemistry and biology. The academic proficiency test is divided into four grades: ABCD4, four compulsory subjects must reach Grade C or above to take the college entrance examination, and two elective subjects must reach Grade B or above to apply for the undergraduate course, with higher grade requirements to be admitted to key undergraduate courses.

"It is a major feature of the Jiangsu program that the academic level test scores are linked to the college entrance examination." Liu Haifeng said that most provinces and cities take HKCEE's scores as the reference for the college entrance examination, while Jiangsu's approach is to directly link the academic proficiency test scores with the qualifications for undergraduate and junior college entrance examinations. "Changing the original selection rules from one line to two lines will make the selection method more vague and cause more problems."

The facts also confirm this. At that time, there was an unprecedented upside-down situation in Jiangsu college entrance examination registration, and many outstanding candidates missed their undergraduate courses because they got C in elective subjects. The liberal arts champion in Nanjing missed out on his favorite Peking University because one of them failed to get A+, because Peking University's enrollment restriction condition is to require two elective subjects A+ first, and then draw the investment line. After the college entrance examination in Jiangsu that year, several mass incidents of candidates and parents petitioning broke out. Amid complaints from candidates, parents and schools, in June of this year, 5438+ 10, Jiangsu Province announced fine-tuning the 2009 college entrance examination plan, which is the third adjustment of the new college entrance examination plan in the province.

Regarding the frequent adjustment of the college entrance examination scheme in Jiangsu, Liu Haifeng believes that the reform of college entrance examination is an extremely complicated systematic project, which concerns the interests of thousands of families. It is not only an examination problem, an education problem, but also has a great relationship with fairness and stability. If you change too much and too quickly, it will have a great impact on middle school teaching, and the main losers are parents and students. College entrance examination researchers and decision-makers must keep a clear head, neither shrink from difficulties nor blindly reform for the sake of reform under the pressure of public opinion.

Zhejiang shuishui personalized college entrance examination

This year, the new college entrance examination in Zhejiang Province was named "personalized college entrance examination" by the media when the plan was announced. Continuing the idea of designing a new college entrance examination scheme according to the new curriculum concept of senior high school in the first two rounds of experimental areas, Zhejiang new college entrance examination has made a great breakthrough in the personalization and independent selection of candidates.

The new college entrance examination scheme in Zhejiang province gives different types of students more choices, and the examination subjects have changed from the past unified examination subjects to three different types: on the basis of maintaining the original "3+X" subject combination, the content of self-selected modules is added to examine the ability of comprehensively applying knowledge to solve problems; The second subject keeps the original "3+X" subject combination, focusing on testing the ability to acquire general knowledge; On the basis of retaining the same subject "Chinese, Mathematics and Foreign Language" exam, the three types of subjects will increase the technical subject exam and focus on testing practical skills.

Three types of examination forms determine candidates' three different learning directions. The first category is the undergraduate majors of the first batch of schools; The second category is the undergraduate majors of other undergraduate schools (including two or three existing schools); The third category is majors in higher vocational colleges. When registering, candidates can choose their own categories according to their hobbies and learning conditions, or they can report across categories, such as one or two or two or two or three.

In addition, the new college entrance examination scheme in Zhejiang Province has also made an attempt on "multiple examinations", setting the college entrance examination English listening and technical examinations for the first time and putting them in peacetime. Students can decide the time and number of times to take the exam (limited to 2 times), and choose an exam result from it to be included in the total score.

Compared with the previous rounds of experiments, the new college entrance examination scheme in Zhejiang Province is innovative. The emergence of subject selection gives students greater autonomy, and candidates of different levels can choose their own adaptation direction. It also gradually leads the selection mode of "one exam for life" to the selection mode of comprehensive evaluation, comprehensive assessment and merit-based admission, and combines intellectual and non-intellectual factors such as students' personality and hobbies.

"Classified examination is the trend of college entrance examination in the future." Liu Haifeng said that the reform spirit revealed in the new college entrance examination scheme in Zhejiang Province has been recognized by the industry. For example, higher vocational education emphasizes the cultivation of applied talents. For example, Shanghai and Beijing have been piloting independent enrollment in higher vocational colleges for several years. If you leave the college entrance examination alone or jointly, Zhejiang's attempt can make some candidates fail in undergraduate courses and key lines, reduce the learning difficulty and choose higher vocational colleges as the learning direction.

The practice of putting the English listening test outside the college entrance examination period in Zhejiang's new college entrance examination scheme has also been appreciated by Liu Haifeng. Candidates have two chances to take the college entrance examination English listening test in high school and get the best results. Liu Haifeng believes that the foreign language test is relatively stable, with little fluctuation. Listening is not tested in the college entrance examination, and many exams are the best results, which relieves the pressure of the college entrance examination. "This has become a highlight of the new college entrance examination scheme in Zhejiang Province."

Next year, all provinces in China will enter the new senior high school curriculum, which means that by 20 13, all provinces in China will enter the corresponding new college entrance examination. As the chief expert of "Research on the Theory and Practice of College Entrance Examination Reform" of the Ministry of Education, Liu Haifeng has always been cautious about the reform of college entrance examination. He believes that the reform of college entrance examination is a very cautious work, which is not suitable for sudden revolution. Gradual improvement will be better than sudden revolution.

In Liu Haifeng's view, the reform of college entrance examination should be carried out step by step on the basis of long-term planning and comprehensive research, so that the shock will be less and students and teachers will be easy to adapt. If some programs are changeable, it will cause middle school teaching, especially the teaching of high school graduates.

"Beijing's new college entrance examination plan is a plan that is more in line with the middle school curriculum reform period and more in line with people's expectations." Liu Haifeng said that the newly announced plan for the new college entrance examination in Beijing is a gradual change, not a sudden change, but a gradual way, which will cause less social shock and is quite feasible. "It not only embodies stability, but also embodies a certain spirit of reform."