Where is Wu Song’s hometown?

Many Shandong friends recognize Wu Song as their fellow countryman, and Shandong people are also proud that Shandong has produced a hero like Wu Song. So, Wu Song should be from Shandong, right? But if I ask again: Which county in Shandong is Wu Song from? Friends from Shandong can’t answer that.

In fact, this issue is explained very clearly in Chapter 22 of "Water Margin": Song Jiang killed Yan Poxi, and fled with his brother Song Qing to Chaijin's village in Cangzhou, where they met Wu Song——

Song Jiang helped the man up and asked: "Who is this person? His surname is Gao?" Chai Jin pointed and said: "This man is from Qinghe County. His surname is Wu and his first name is Song. He ranks second. . It has been here for a year.”

So the question arises: Does Qinghe County belong to Shandong Province?

Looking through the map, I found that the junction of Shandong and Hebei, from Dezhou to Linqing, is bounded by the Grand Canal. Qinghe County is to the west of the Grand Canal. Qinghe County clearly belongs to Hebei Province! Wu Song, the "Shandong hero" that Shandong people are proud of, is not from Shandong. Isn't this a joke? If we say that because Wu Song once hunted tigers in Yanggu County, Shandong Province, he was hired by the magistrate of Yanggu County as the capital (equivalent to the captain of the Criminal Police Team of the National Police Bureau today), and Wu Dalang has also moved from Qinghe County to Yanggu County to settle down. , is it too much to consider Wu Song as a native of Yanggu County, Shandong Province?

A friend from Shandong argued with me that Qinghe County belonged to Shandong Province in the Song Dynasty. This is of course "moving mountains and seas", not to mention that the administrative division of "provinces" began in the Yuan Dynasty. The provincial administrative divisions of the Song Dynasty were called "roads", which are equivalent to the "provinces" of the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties until today, except that their jurisdictions were slightly smaller.

In order to find definite evidence, I asked a friend to borrow the "Qinghe County Chronicle" for me. After checking the history of Qinghe County, I learned that Qinghe County was placed in the early years of the founding of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty (Yang Jian). During the era of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty, Qinghe County was first established here, and later it was changed to Qinghe Kingdom many times. After Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty, it was designated as a county. The jurisdiction is equivalent to the surrounding area of ??Qinghe County in Hebei Province today, including several counties and cities adjacent to Shandong Province and Hebei Province today. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was changed to Qinghe State. The Northern Wei Dynasty was still called Qinghe County. In the early Sui Dynasty, the county-level administrative division was abolished, and after the great cause of the Sui Dynasty, it was restored to Qinghe County. In the early Tang Dynasty, counties were abolished and states were established, and counties were under the jurisdiction of "states". Qinghe County in the early Tang Dynasty belonged to Beizhou, and the state government was located in Qinghe County. In the Song Dynasty, Beizhou was renamed Enzhou. The state government was still located in Qinghe County, under the jurisdiction of Hebei East Road, and the road's administrative seat was located in Damingfu. Although the Song Dynasty did not have the organizational system of Shandong Province and Hebei Province, it already had the organizational system of "road" (the road is smaller than the omitted one). That's why there is a saying in "Water Margin" that "timely rain occurs in Shandong and jade unicorns appear in Hebei". Shandong and Hebei here do not refer to "province" but to "road". Later, when the province was established in the Yuan Dynasty, it was also split and divided based on the "roads" of the Liao and Song Dynasties. The Grand Canal was built in the Sui Dynasty. The Grand Canal served as the junction of Shandong and Hebei. Of course, it was after the Sui Dynasty. From this point of view, Qinghe County historically belongs to Hebei, not Shandong. "Water Margin" was written in the Yuan Dynasty and published in the Ming Dynasty. The fact that people from Shandong "impersonated" Wu Song as a fellow countryman probably happened after the Ming Dynasty.

According to the original text of "Water Margin", after Wu Song killed the tiger, he was invited to the home of "a householder here". He introduced himself and said: "The villain is from Qinghe County, a neighboring county here." "Looking at "Yuanfeng Nine Regions Chronicles", Yanggu County in the Song Dynasty belonged to Dongping County on Jingxi East Road, and Qinghe County belonged to Qinghe County on Hebei East Road. The two counties did not belong to the same county, so Wu Song called himself a "neighbor. The surname is from Qinghe County."

In fact, even in the contemporary Shandong Kuaishu and Pinghua broadcasts, Wu Song is not said to be from Shandong. The first chapter of Gao Yuanjun's Shandong Kuaishu "Wu Song Biography" says, "Wu Song lived in Qinghe County, Guangfu, Zhili." "Zhili" means directly under the capital, and Guangfu refers to Guangping Prefecture, which is governed by Yongnian County in today's Hebei Province. In the Song Dynasty, there were prefectures and counties directly under Zhili, but Guangping Prefecture and Qinghe County were not directly under Zhili. Hebei Province was called "Zhili Province" in the Qing Dynasty. It can be seen that Gao Yuanjun's statement was the "then" title passed down from his ancestor in the Qing Dynasty. The first chapter of Wang Litang's Yangzhou Commentary "Wu Song" also said: "Who is Wu Song? He is from Qinghe County, Guangping Prefecture, Beizhi." "Beizhi" refers to "Beizhili".

In the Ming Dynasty, there were two capitals, Nanjing and Beijing, so today's Jiangsu Province was called "South Zhili" and today's Hebei Province was called "North Zhili". It seems that Wang Litang's statement may have been passed down from her ancestor's ancestor in the Ming Dynasty.

Only the first chapter of "Jin Ping Mei" says: "During the Zhenghe period of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty, in Qinghe County, Dongping Prefecture, Shandong Province, there was a romantic son... with the compound surname Ximen, and the single word 'Qing' was taboo. "This clearly puts Qinghe County under Dongping Prefecture, Shandong Province. People in Shandong regard Wu Song as a fellow countryman, and it is possible that this is where he was born. "Jin Ping Mei" was published during the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty. The author was from the Ming Dynasty and already had the concept of "province". Note: Dongping Prefecture was placed in the Song Dynasty. It was changed to a road in the Yuan Dynasty and a state in the Ming Dynasty. It subordinated today's Shandong Wenshang, Pingyin, Dongping, Liangshan (Liangshan County was established in August 1949, there was no "Liangshan County" in the Song Dynasty), Feicheng, There are seven counties in Yanggu and Dong'a, but no Qinghe County. It can be seen that Lanling Xiaoxiaosheng also spoke freely without verification. Not only did he include Qinghe County in the territory of Shandong, he also stated that Wu Song's place of origin was Yanggu County, but the location of the tiger hunt was stated as Qinghe County. He was returning to Yanggu County from Cangzhou to visit his brother and passed by Qinghe County, so he accidentally killed the tiger. ——Lanling Xiaoxiaosheng corrected the error of Wu Song's route from Cangzhou back to Qinghe's hometown and passed through Yanggu, but he gave Qinghe County to Shandong people.