A complete collection of idiom stories in the third grade of primary school

# 3 # Introduction General idioms are based on some stories, either historical facts or humanistic classics. Those positive and healthy idioms often express profound truth concisely and are worth learning by primary school students. The following is the relevant information, I hope it will help you.

Love me, love me, love me, love me, care about people or things related to me. According to legend, Shang Zhouwang, the last emperor of Shang Dynasty, was a luxurious, cruel and heartless bad king. Jichang, the Xibe nationality, later Zhou Wenwang, tried every means to escape from prison because he opposed the imprisonment of Zhou Wang. At that time, the capital of Zhou was Qishan (now Qishan County, Shaanxi Province). After returning to Qishan, Zhou Wenwang made up his mind to rule the Shang Dynasty. First, he hired Jiang Shang (Jiang Taigong), a military strategist, to actively train and prepare for war, and then he annexed several small vassal states around him, and his power gradually became stronger. Then, the capital moved to Fengyi (now near Huxian County, Shaanxi Province) and prepared to move eastward. However, Zhou Wenwang died shortly after moving the capital.

Zhou Wenwang's son Ji Fa succeeded to the throne, namely Zhou Wuwang. Jiang Taigong continues to be a strategist. Half-brother (Duke Zhou) and half-brother Ji () are two right-hand men. At the same time, King Wu won the support of several other governors. So, it was officially announced that it would send troops to attack Zhou. The army crossed the Yellow River in Jin Meng (now the South Yellow River Ferry in Mengxian County, Henan Province), pushed northeast, and approached Song Chao in Shang Dynasty (now the northeast of Qixian County, Henan Province). Because Shang Zhouwang had lost all his heart, and the army didn't want to die for him, so he ran away and fell down, and the uprising was soon conquered. Zhou Wang committed suicide, and the Shang Dynasty was over. In the next 800 years, it became the world of Zhou Dynasty, known as the Zhou Dynasty in history.

At the beginning of Zhou Wuwang's conquest of Chao Ge, King Wu was worried about how to deal with the nobles and officials left over from Shang Dynasty and whether he could stabilize the situation. To this end, he held consultations with Jiang Taigong and others. There is such a written record in Shuo Yuan Gui Fa compiled by Liu Xiang in Han Dynasty:

"Yin Ke, the king of Wu, summoned Taigong and asked,' What about the Naiqi people?' Taigong said to him:' I love people who love them, and I love black houses; People who hate others hate others. What if Xian Liu defeated the enemy and made it more than enough? Zhou Wuwang defeated the Shang Dynasty, summoned Jiang Taigong and asked, "What should we do with their personnel?" Taigong replied: "I heard that you love that person and will love his crow;" If you hate that man, get rid of his servants and servants. What do you think of killing all the enemies and leaving none? "

The so-called "Seo Woo" in the original text refers to the petty official with the lowest status, the housekeeper of the slave owners and nobles, and so on. (Yu, Wei, etc. ; Xu; Small officials. )

There is a similar record in the Biography of Shangshu compiled by Fu Sheng in the Han Dynasty: "When you die, the prince of Wu is undecided. Then he called Taigong and said, "How about entering Yin?" Said the squire, "I heard that; People who love are also black houses; He doesn't love others, and his spare time. " "

This record is similar to that contained in Shuo Yuan. However, the word "Seo Woo" is written as "Yu Xu", which means different things. "Yu Xu" no longer belongs to the level of professional history, but a slave or criminal lower than "Seo Woo", such as "Taishi" Ji Zi, who was imprisoned because of dissatisfaction, so he pretended to be crazy and was willing to be a slave, so Zhuangzi called him "Yu Xu".

In addition, The Biography of Six Pagodas of Han Poetry and other records about the above conversation are basically the same. Because of this legend, the idiom "love me, love my dog" came into being.

China has had a superstitious custom since ancient times, thinking that crows are "ominous birds", and whoever lands on its house will suffer misfortune. In the Xiaoya section of The Book of Songs, the oldest collection of poems in China, there is a poem entitled The First Month, which contains "Whose home is this?" It can be seen that the ancients hated crows, but few people loved them. The so-called "love me, love my dog" is because I love that person, and even his crows don't think it's ominous and annoying. This idiom has always been used as a metaphor for pushing love. Because you love a person deeply, you love his relatives, friends and other people or other things. This is called "love me, love my dog" or "love me, love my dog".

Du Fu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in "Give Li Shehong" (Shehong, a place name, in present-day Sichuan; In Li's poem, the first two sentences are: "A husband has a place to live, and his hobby is good." There is a sentence in Song Dynasty's Poem of Lianxi written by Zhou Dunyi: "Angry crabs in the water, love my house and my dog". In the poem "Boyi" written in the Song Dynasty, there is also a saying that "when it is clear, I look at the birds in front of the door and people look at your family", all of which use the idiom "love me, love my dog".

Stroll by, instead of sitting in a carriage, and enjoy yourself.

The source "Qi Ce IV of the Warring States Policy" said: "Shu wants to return, night food is meat, safety is a car, innocence is precious, and quietness is at your own risk."

The explanation is to walk slowly, as if by car.

During the Warring States Period, there was a scholar named Yan Shu in the State of Qi. Qi Xuanwang longed for his name and called him to the palace. Yan Shu casually walked into the palace and came to the front steps of the temple. Seeing Wang Xuan waiting for him to visit, he stopped and stopped. When King Xuan saw it, he called, "Yan Shu, come!" Unexpectedly, Yan Shu remained motionless and stopped Xuan Wang and said, "Your Majesty, come quickly!" King Xuan was very unhappy. When the ministers around him saw Yan Shu's arrogance, they all said, "Your Majesty is the monarch and you are a subject. Your majesty can call you here, or you can call your majesty here. How can you do this? " Yan Shu said: "If I go to see the king, it means that I envy his power;" If the king comes, it shows that he is a respectable corporal. Instead of making me envy the power of the king, I might as well let corporal Dayu be virtuous. Qi Xuanwang asked angrily, "Is the king noble or the scholar noble?" ? Yan Shu said without thinking: "Of course, scholars are nobles, but kings are not!" " King Xuan said, "Is there any basis for you to say this?" Yan Shu smiled and said, "Of course. Once upon a time, when the State of Qin attacked the State of Qi, the King of Qin gave an order: Anyone who dared to cut wood within fifty paces of the high tomb would be killed! He also ordered: Whoever can cut off the head of the King of Qi will be named Wan Huhou and rewarded for his work. From this perspective, the head of a living monarch is worse than the grave of a dead scholar. " Qi Xuanwang was speechless and unhappy. Ministers quickly cleared the way: "Yan Shu, come here! Yan Shu, come here! Our king has a country with thousands of chariots (1000 gauntlets). Who dares to defy the east, west, north and south? The king has everything he wants, and all people are obedient. You gentlemen are so mean! " Yan Shu retorted, "What you said is wrong! In the era of Dayu, there were as many princes as there were nationalities. Why is this? Because he respects scholars. To Shang Tang, governors as many as three thousand. Today, only 24 people are lonely. From this perspective, paying attention to scholars is the key to gain and loss. Since ancient times, no one can be famous all over the world because he is not pragmatic.

Therefore, your father should be ashamed of not consulting people often and not learning from people with low status. Hearing this, King Xuan felt wronged and said, "I'm asking for trouble. I didn't know the villain's behavior until I heard your comments. I hope you will accept me as your student and you will stay with me in the future. I promise you have meat to eat and a car to go out. Your wife and children will be beautifully dressed. " Yan Shu said that she would politely decline. "Jade originated in the mountains. If it is processed by craftsmen, it will be destroyed; Although it is still precious, it has lost its original appearance after all. Scholars are born in the backcountry, and if they are selected, they will enjoy the benefits; It's not that he can't be noble, but that his foreign style and inner world will be destroyed. Therefore, I would rather hope that the king would let me go back, eat late every day, walk steadily and slowly enough to be a bus; A peaceful life is no worse than being rich and powerful. Quiet, pure, self-controlled, never tired of it. It was your king who ordered me to speak, and it was my uncle Yan who declared it truthfully. " Yan Shu said, "I made two obeisances to Xuan Wang and went out to the DPRK.

live and work in peace and contentment

The source of Laozi is sweet food, beautiful clothes, living in peace and enjoying its customs.

Interpretation is a happy and stable life.

In the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a famous philosopher and thinker. His surname is Li, and his first name is Yong. It is said that when he was born, his hair was already white. A little old man with a white beard; So people call him "Lao Zi"; He also said that he was born under a plum tree, so his surname is Li; Because his ears are big, they are called "ears". In fact, Lao Tzu is a respectful name for him. He has always been dissatisfied with the reality at that time, opposed the wave of social innovation at that time, and wanted to go back. He misses the ancient primitive society and thinks that material progress and cultural development have destroyed people's simplicity and brought people pain, so he longs for an ideal society of "small country and few people". He always describes his "small country with few people" society like this: the country is small and the population is sparse. Even if there are many appliances, don't use them. Don't let people risk their lives and don't move far away. Even if there is a car and a boat, no one rides it. Even with weapons and equipment, there is no place to use it. It is necessary for people to re-use the ancient knotting method to record, eat sweetly, dress comfortably and live comfortably, and be satisfied with the original customs. Neighboring countries can see each other. Crows and dogs can hear each other, but people will not communicate with each other until they die of old age.

safe and sound

Explanation: Nothing happened, no damage or accident happened. Disease, disease, disaster.

In 266 BC, Zhao Huiwen, the monarch of the State of Zhao, died, and his son Taizi Dan was succeeded by Zhao Chengxiao. Being young, his mother Zhao is in charge of handling state affairs. Zhao is a wise and knowledgeable middle-aged woman. When she was just in charge of state affairs, Qin stepped up her attack on Zhao. Zhao was in danger and asked Qi for help. Qi asked Zhao to send her youngest son to Qi as a hostage before sending troops. Zhao was reluctant to leave his youngest son, but after listening to the minister's advice, he often sent to Qi. Qi sent troops to help Zhao beat back Qin Jun.

On one occasion, the King of Qi sent messengers to Zhao with letters to greet him. Wei Hou asked the messenger before opening the letter. "Qi's harvest is not bad, is it? Are people safe? Is the King of Qi healthy? "

The envoy of the State of Qi was very unhappy and said, "I was sent by the King of Qi to greet you. Now, don't ask the king of Qi, ask the harvest and the people first. Can you put the humble in front and the noble in the back? "

Wei Hou smiled and said, "No.. If there is no harvest, how can anyone? If there is no people, how can there be a monarch? Can you give up the basics and just ask the questions on the side when you say hello? "

Hearing this, the emissary of Qi was speechless for a moment. This allusion to "innocence" later evolved into the idiom "innocence".

each gets what he wants

The trading and retreat of the source of the book Yi Ke Xia have their own places.

The explanation is that everyone or everything has been arranged and everyone is satisfied.

This story tells that Zhao Pingjun, the son of Princess Si Long, the sister of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, is the nephew of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. Princess Si Long knows that Zhao Pingjun relies on power and often does evil, which will inevitably lead to great disaster. She was worried that after her death, Zhao Pingjun would commit a capital crime and no one would save him. When she was seriously ill, she said to Emperor Wu, "Your Majesty, I am willing to redeem Zhao Pingjun's death penalty in advance with 1000 kilograms of gold and 10 million yuan." There was no precedent for such a thing, but Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty saw that she was very ill, and in order to comfort her, he nodded and agreed. After the death of Princess Dragon, Zhao Pingjun became more and more arrogant because no one cared about him. Once he killed someone after drinking and was arrested and imprisoned. Emperor Wu was very sad and sighed, "My sister gave birth to this son very late and entrusted him to me before she died. Now I have to sentence him to death. I really can't stand it! " The minister around him said, "The princess has redeemed him for his death. Please forgive him once!" " Emperor Wu shook his head and said, "This is the will of the first emperor and must be observed. If I break the law because of my relatives, wouldn't I lose my trust in the people? " In the end, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was cruel and cruel, and executed Zhao Pingjun by imperial edict. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was very sad when he executed Zhao Pingjun. Dong Fangshuo, a doctor in Taizhong, proposed a toast to Emperor Wu, saying, "Your Majesty has done both, rewarding merit without avoiding enmity, and punishing evil without considering flesh and blood. People all over the world will do what they want. "

Pay attention suddenly

During the Three Kingdoms period, Monroe was a famous general of the State of Wu. Because his family is poor, he can't study. Therefore, people often laugh at the fact that Monroe of Wu can only fight, but she is not so great. He has been angry at this joke. One day, Sun Quan, the monarch of the State of Wu, said seriously, "You are now a general of the State of Wu and have great power. If you don't have enough martial arts, I hope you can read more. " At first, Lv Meng also said that he was too busy to get rid of Sun Quan's request. Finally, he was encouraged by Sun Quan and worked hard. Later, when he and Lu Su discussed military issues together, Lu Su couldn't help feeling that Monroe had changed a lot, completely different from the past. Hearing Lu Su's words, Monroe said happily, "As long as it takes three days, people will change. We should look at them differently!"

Loyalty and selflessness

There was a big flood in ancient times, which lasted for more than 20 years and affected a large area. At that time, it was the time when Shun was in power. He sent Yu (the son of Gun, who was executed by Yao for trying to control water) to control water. Yu learned the lesson of his father's water control, adopted the method of dredging, planned the waterway according to the terrain, led the flood to the rivers and seas, and finally calmed the flood.

However, several episodes occurred in the process of water control: Yu was not married in his thirties, and met a girl named in Tushan (now the northwest of Keqiao District, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province). They fell in love very much and became relatives. But four days after marriage, Yu went out to control water.

Water control 13 years, passed by his house three times, and once the child was still crying in its infancy; There was once a child who just learned to call his father. Thirdly, the child grows up and wants to keep his father. I didn't go into his house once, because the time was too hasty.

Fail to build a mound because of the lack of the last basket of soil-fail to succeed because of the lack of final efforts

In ancient times, there was a man who wanted to build a mountain nine meters high (eight feet = one meter). He piled up year after year, regardless of cold and heat, digging, picking soil and piling it on the mountain bag from a distance. Finally one day, he will finish it. On this day, as usual, the chickens just got up and started to work, basket after basket. The mountain is about 9 meters high and only needs a basket of soil. But as soon as he touched his stomach and growled, it began to snow again. He thought there was only a basket of dirt and went home. From then on, he always thought that there was only one basket of soil, and he was lazy, so he didn't pile it up until he died. After all, this mountain, which is only nine yards high, has not been piled up yet. The idiom "fall short" comes from this. From: Jin Yong's Romance of the Eight Dragons, the 31st time: A humanist said: "The dude is smart, but he also knows many wonders of this school. However, it is also difficult to practice the three magical powers of horse, snail and brazen. Ordinary people are deeply polluted by secular views and always feel that some things are good and some things are bad. As long as you have this boring concept of good and evil and the distinction between right and wrong, practicing brazen kung fu will get twice the result with half the effort, and often it will fall short at a critical moment. "

throw the helve after the hatchet

In Song Zhenzong, the Khitans invaded on a large scale, and at that time, there was a crisis, and people in the Song Dynasty were in panic. Zhenzong summoned ministers to discuss countermeasures. Minister Wang Qinruo said: "The Khitan army is so powerful that we can't confront it head-on. Only by making peace and sending gold, silver, jewels and beautiful women will the Khitan retreat. " Kou Zhun, the prime minister, objected, "Why should we talk about discouragement before the war? In my opinion, why don't I accompany the emperor to personally levy to boost morale, so that we will definitely win! " Zhenzong took Kou Zhun's advice and later won a great victory in the Buddhist temple. Put all your eggs in one basket. Wang Qinruo is jealous and hates Kou Zhun. When gambling with the emperor, Wang Qinruo took the opportunity to say to Zhenzong, "The most dangerous thing in gambling is to put all your bets on it, so you may lose everything. In the last battle of Ge Yuan, Kou Zhun clearly regarded the emperor as a gambling book, regardless of the safety of the emperor! " Zhenzong flew into a rage when he heard this metaphor, and soon reduced Kou Zhun from prime minister to Shaanxi magistrate.

"Put all your eggs in one basket" means betting on all the winners and losers.

From the Song Dynasty's Biography of Kou Zhun.

Swallow dates-Absorb information without digesting it

Someone once said to people, "eating a little pear is good for people's teeth, but eating too much will hurt their spleen;" Jujube, on the other hand, can strengthen the spleen, but eating too much will be harmful to teeth. "One of the listeners listened, thought about it, and said," When eating pears, if you just chew them, will it hurt your spleen? "? I don't chew dates when I eat them, but I swallow them in one gulp. Isn't that enough to protect my teeth? "Another young man listened to his words and wanted to make a joke:" Didn't you swallow the dates? " Everyone present laughed. After reading: when we are learning knowledge, we can't swallow it all at once. First of all, you should be clear about what you want to learn, and then you should master it carefully. If you only learn knowledge in general, you won't learn real knowledge.