Female Chivalrous Women in Tang Dynasty Novels —— A History of Chivalrous Women's Changes

20 15, The Assassin Nie Yinniang directed by Hou Xiaoxian was released. Shu Qi created a lonely, cold, heartless and cruel female chivalrous figure in the film. She is burdened with revenge, mission, hidden pain and memories, and becomes a killer who works for others.

However, under her cold-blooded appearance, she has a yearning for freedom and life. This film vividly shows a woman's spiritual growth history.

The word female knight-errant often brings many associations to people. Because in the traditional sense, women are weak and docile, while chivalrous men show their stronger side under their sweet appearance. She is free and unruly, and like all men, she chooses life and death and wanders around the rivers and lakes, so stories about female chivalrous people are often memorable.

In fact, the prototype of Nie Yinniang in the film comes from a story in the legend of Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, when martial arts was in its heyday, the legend of Xia was widely circulated in the society, and many literati and poets wrote many legendary stories about Xia.

In the history of China, the novels of the Tang Dynasty are the symbol of the peak of China's ancient short stories, and the story of the female Xia is a highlight in her novel creation. Wang Bijiang, a famous scholar, collated and collated the legendary novels of the Tang Dynasty existing in the society and included them in the book Novels of the Tang Dynasty.

Today, we are going to talk about those interesting stories about female chivalrous women in Tang legends.

First, the past life of the female knight-errant.

The earliest record of female Xia appeared in Miscellaneous History of the Eastern Han Dynasty. For example, Yue Nv in Ye Fan's Wu Yue Chun Qiu and Yue Nv's Sword Test in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

"Fan Li asked the king in hand. I heard that there is a virgin in China, which people call it. May the king ask the way to fight. "

So Wang Nai invited a woman. "Yue Nv through its own strength, in the Vietnam War for Wu Guofa wielded great potential.

Secondly, in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, a girl named Li Ji was depicted in the novel Searching for the Gods by Gambao, who eradicated the evil snake and saved the Virgin, thus becoming a legend.

But before the Tang Dynasty, the description of chivalrous men in history was often dominated by men. Even when it comes to women, pen and ink just touch. It was in the Tang Dynasty that the female knight-errant was really described. Their images are different, their personalities are flamboyant, they are full of stunts, and they repay their kindness and revenge. They are unique in the field of chivalrous novels and have great artistic appeal.

For example, Hongfu in Campus Biography, the hermit in Hermit Nie Niang, and Xiao Xie E, who is tenacious and brave and dedicated to revenge for her father and husband in Xiao Xie E Biography, and so on.

The reason why female Xia novels were quite popular in the Tang Dynasty was not unrelated to the social environment at that time.

On the one hand, there was social unrest in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, and the wind of Ren Xia prevailed.

The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty, Volume II, Biography of Emperor Taizong, records: "At that time, Sui Zuo had passed, and Emperor Taizong wanted to do righteous deeds. Every petty officer, pushing money to raise a thief, is unwilling to work hard. "

At the beginning of the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, a "martial arts system" was established, and a "officer system" was implemented to encourage officials' children to use martial arts to protect their country. Martial arts can be said to be a very distinctive trend form in the Tang Dynasty. At that time, there were many heroes in the imperial court, such as Qin Qiong, Wei Chijingde and others, who were all rangers from the bottom of society. Under such circumstances, it is reasonable for many advanced women to be infected and edified.

On the other hand, in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the vassals separated themselves and hired a large number of chivalrous men as sharp weapons to compete for power. This special social factor has also become the source of material for novel creation.

In addition, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty was a descendant of Xianbei, a northern minority. Zhu once said, "The Tang Dynasty originated from Yidi, so it is no different to be rude in the boudoir." Yi people refer to the ethnic minorities in the northern region. In the culture of nomadic people in the north, women can ride horses and shoot arrows, and they can marry freely with less social constraints.

"History of the North" Volume 14 "Biography of Empresses and Concubines" records: "A princess who shoots an owl with a bow should follow the string; The princess took the longbow and shot obliquely into the sky, which was also out of control. SHEN WOO said happily, "I am the second wife, and I can beat thieves. "

The mistresses here refer to the two concubines of Gao Huan, the Emperor of the Northern Qi Dynasty. These two concubines are experts in riding and shooting themselves. Therefore, the nomadic people in the north had a far-reaching influence on the development of the society in the Tang Dynasty, and it was also closely related to the appearance of the female Xia.

In a word, female chivalrous women left a beautiful image in the history of novels in the Tang Dynasty, and only then could such a touching story be created.

Second, the female knight-errant in the legend of Tang Dynasty

Since we are talking about female knights, we have to talk about the eighteen martial arts of these women.

For example, Yinniniang, who lives as an assassin, was taken away by Master because of Bones when she was a child. She was taken to learn martial arts and became a master assassin. Even in broad daylight, in the bustling streets, as long as you aim at the target, you will hit it with a knife, and you will not be noticed by the people around you.

There is also Sinuhong, who walks like the wind and travels 700 miles back and forth in one night.

Nvxia's martial arts skills make her a distinctive symbol and add color to the characters. In addition, these amazing swordsmanship also brought a lot of inspiration and foundation for the creation of later martial arts novels.

Of course, in addition, what is more impressive is the true and outstanding temperament and charm of the female knight-errant.

For example, a thoughtful, heroic and intelligent red Buddha woman. It was originally a maid around Su Yang, an adult in Sikong. After knowing Li Jing, she decided that this person was unusual and decided to follow him.

Later, in the hotel, in the face of uninvited guests, he did not mess up. After several temptations, he took the initiative to form a brother-sister relationship with him and * * * wandered the Jianghu. This woman's bold but cautious, generous and steady character is self-evident.

And Xie Xiaoe, who was bent on revenge, disguised herself as a man and entered the home of Shen Lan, an enemy who killed her father, as a servant. Facing the luxurious life, she was not tempted. In the face of the enemy, she didn't show the clues at all, and endured for many years until she completed the mission of revenge for her father and husband.

Nie Yinniang, who seems heartless, has a little warmth in her heart. The master once sent her to assassinate a big official, and when she was ready to start work, because she saw the scene of the big official and his children frolicking, Yinniang was sympathetic, delayed the time of the task, and was scolded by her master. It's just that her move adds luster to the character Yinniang, making her flesh and blood.

In addition, the novels of the Tang Dynasty also recorded some stories of non-chivalrous women. Although they are not chivalrous women, they have the courage and mind of chivalrous women.

For example, the prostitute in Biography of Yang Prostitute was originally the concubine room of a guard in Lingnan, but the wife of the guard couldn't stand her and kicked her out. However, when Yang prostitute learned the news of the death of the guard, she resolutely returned to the guard's grave to mourn for him and returned all her belongings. Her love is touching.

There is also Li Wa in Biography of Li Wa. Although she is a prostitute, she is affectionate and righteous. After Xingyang's son was down and out, she persisted and took good care of him, which helped her gain a reputation.

It is true that women don't want men, and the brilliance of human nature shining on women is their most touching place. This is also the reason why these classic characters can be passed down to this day.

Third, the chivalrous woman's view of marriage.

As mentioned above, the society of Tang Dynasty was deeply influenced by the nomadic people in the north, and advocated the free and open concept of marriage and love. At that time, Xianbei men and women were free to choose their spouses, and even divorced and remarried.

"History of the North" Volume 14 "Biography of Empresses and Concubines" records that the wife of Wang Yuanye, the king of Changguang in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and the wife of Gao Huan, the emperor of the Northern Qi Dynasty, had many marriages. This concept also influenced the whole social class in the Tang Dynasty. For example, Princess Gaomi and Princess Fang Ling. Princess Tang all remarried.

This free and unrestrained view of love and marriage is also reflected in the novels of the Tang Dynasty. In Nie Yinniang, the hidden mother "suddenly refers to the mirror-grinding teenager, the door." I think this man can, so I asked my father to marry him.

Hong Fu came to see Li Jing at night, and she eloped with him and got married. It can be said that their choice is positive and positive. This free and open concept of marriage is still enviable even in today's society.

However, there is another ending in the female Xia novels, which is to hide the world in the way of Taoism. For example, Xie Xiaoe converted to an empty net, Xin Nuhong disappeared, and Nie Yinniang disappeared.

In a word, to a certain extent, they can choose their own life with self-centeredness instead of relying on men, which represents their inner sense of independence. This also adds a different color to the story development of the novel.

Of course, due to the superb chivalrous women's novels in the Tang Dynasty, there were many stories about it later. For example, Biography of Heroes of Children and Green Peony in Qing Dynasty.

Compared with the heroines in Tang legends, the heroines in Qing novels are firmly bound by the shackles of chastity.

For example, the thirteen sisters in Legend of Heroes of Children, under the persuasion of everyone, finally married Angie, not to let everyone down, nor for their own love. The hero in Green Peony asked his parents to be her matchmaker after he fell in love.

It can be seen that the feudal thought of the Qing Dynasty imprisoned women deeply, which made the choice of chivalrous women more passive and helpless, which was also a last resort under the background of the times.

On the other hand, in the Tang Dynasty, people had to sigh that they could have such open and advanced ideas. Therefore, this actually makes the image of female chivalrous men in Tang legendary novels more vivid and vivid.

I would like to ask, even in today's society, how many women can freely choose their own lives, pursue the life they want, and find the other half in their hearts?

So their unique personality is the most touching place in our hearts. Because behind the status of female knight-errant, the thought it conveys is the desire for freedom, the pursuit of ideals and the control of one's own destiny.

Chivalrous women are a beautiful scenery in the ideological and civilized society of Tang Dynasty.

Fourth, chivalrous women in the new era.

Of course, there is no chivalrous woman, it is the embodiment of people's idealism towards women, and it is just a perfect character image created in novels and literary works.

However, the characters are fictional, but the spirit of chivalrous women can remain in everyone's heart.

I was very touched when I saw a report some time ago.

A woman named Li Zhiguo has been living in the rainforest of Xishuangbanna for nearly 20 years. In order to restore the rainforest ecology here, she and her husband Ma You are together.

Her husband Ma You is a German ecologist. He wants to reshape the ecology of this rainforest with his own ideas and methods. Li Zhiguo did not hesitate to follow her husband into this cause.

They suffered many setbacks and hardships, and also met with strong opposition from the local government and people. Some people even set fire to the saplings they planted. Because compared with the immediate interests, creating a rainforest is simply an idiot joke for people.

However, Li Zhiguo persevered. Later, after Ma You died of heart disease, Li Zhiguo shouldered the heavy responsibility alone, leading the scientific research team left by Ma You and his two little daughters to fight against the world alone.

After more than ten years, this brown mountain rainforest has little effect and basically formed a "rainforest ecological microclimate". At this time, people gradually understood what she had done and joined in the action to improve the rainforest.

For more than ten years, she was like a lonely warrior. With tenacity and ideals in her heart, she has done everything to change the ecology of the rainforest. In a sense, isn't she a chivalrous woman?

In fact, there are millions of women in Qian Qian who are fighting for their dreams and self-pursuit, but we have never known them well.

To put it mildly, in this society, more or less women are desperate to fight their way out in the workplace, find their own value in the complicated family life and find their place in society. Shouldn't they be called knights?

I think, compared with the chivalrous women in the novels of the Tang Dynasty, those ordinary and persistent women are more worthy of our respect, and they can also see their bright spots in this era.

This chivalrous woman will remain in the memory of the times forever.