1 1 the power of reading history under the lamp-five methods of educating children by the ancients

An epidemic in COVID-19 is a modest test for the parents of the "God beast" home. In fact, the cultivation and education of children has always been a matter for parents to scratch their heads.

Recently, I read Tao Yuanming's five-character poem "Responsibility". "I want to see the kind and playful person. (Huang Tingjian) "

The poem says: "White hair is around the temples, and the skin is not solid. Although there are five men, writing is always bad. Shu twenty-eight, lazy as a horse. A Xing Xuan Tzu Chi scholar, not Wen Shu. Duan Yong is thirteen years old. I don't know if he is six or seven. The boy is nine years old, but he is looking for pears and chestnuts. I'm so lucky, it's all in the cup. "

When writing this poem, Tao Yuanming should be a middle-aged man in his forties.

At this time, Tao Yuanming had five sons, namely, Xuanyi, who was sixteen, and Xuanyi, who was fifteen; Yong Fenhe, who was thirteen, and Tong, who were nine years old, that is, Shu, Xuan, Yong, Duan and Tong in the poem.

The main idea of this poem is that the temples gradually turn white and the skin begins to relax. I have five sons, none of whom like reading and studying. I'm so worried! ) The eldest brother, Asu, is particularly lazy, while the second son, Axian, is not easy to learn. Three treasures and four treasures don't even recognize 6 and 7. My little Bao is nine years old. He only knows pears and chestnuts. If this is destiny takes a hand's, Mr. Wu Liu will have to drink some wine.

In the face of such Xiong Haizi, it seems that even Tao Yuanming, the first idyllic poet in China and an open-minded and detached man, is helpless, sighing with poetry and drinking to drown his sorrows.

Reread Tao Yuanming's poem "Returning to the Garden: Part III": "When planting beans in Nanshan, the grass is full of beans and the seedlings are sparse. In the morning, it was ridiculous to go home with Dai Yue's hoe. The narrow path covered with vegetation, the night dew wet my clothes. The clothes are not covered, but the wish is not violated. "

We find that educating children is sometimes like farming. Parents are like farmers, who get up early and get greedy for the dark, but "the grass is full of beans and the seedlings are scarce", hoping that their children will become dragons and their daughters will become phoenixes, and they just want to "do whatever they want". Here, my opinion may be biased. Is education illegal?

In Zhang's Family Instructions, Zhang's Cheng Huai (Volume 4) introduces five ways for the ancients to educate their children.

"the ancients said:' the way to teach children is five: do your best; Broaden one's ambition; Cultivate their talents; Blow it up; The disease that attacked it. One must be abandoned. "

The ancients emphasized that it is indispensable to cultivate and educate children from five aspects.

The first is to "do your best" and give full play to children's nature.

Curiosity, imitation, games, gregarious, outdoor activities and so on are all children's nature. Today's parents do not start from their children's nature, but cultivate their children according to their own likes and dislikes. They always give their children interest classes in advance, so that they will bear a heavy academic burden when they are young, for fear of losing at the starting line. As we all know, life is not a sprint of 100 meters or 200 meters. Life is a marathon, and winning or losing is not at the starting line.

The second is "expanding ambition" to help children set up lofty aspirations.

If you are ambitious, you can see far; You have to be ambitious to persist. For example, Wang Yangming, the "first man in 500 years", thought that "imperial examination is not the first priority" when he was a teenager, but he was determined to "be an official if he studied well". Another example is that Mao Zedong, a great man, fought for the revolutionary cause of China all his life. When he went out to study as a teenager, he left his father a poem to express his ambition: "My son is determined to go to the countryside, or he will die if he fails." The bones don't need to be buried, and they are endless. "

The third is to "cultivate their talents" and try our best to cultivate their talents.

A friend told a joke. After the final exam of his junior high school children, he asked them how their grades were. The child replied "not eccentric". After receiving the report card, he blurted out, "It's not biased, but it's on the low side." Jokes are jokes, and educating children really needs to pay equal attention to academic performance and quality education, not just one aspect. If we only pay attention to academic performance and ignore children's healthy mental model, it is difficult to "cultivate" the "fiddler crab" children who can't stand hardships, setbacks and adversity.

The fourth is "refueling", giving priority to encouraging children. We must cheer more and encourage them more.

People are generally eager to be affirmed, recognized, appreciated and praised by others, especially children. In particular, children's minds are immature, and their cognitive and judgment abilities are weak. They need timely praise and immediate encouragement from their parents, which will help children establish a correct "three views" in the process of life, study and growth.

The fifth is to "catch the child off guard", discover the child's shortcomings in time, clearly point out that he will never protect the shortcomings and help the child improve and correct a little.

You can't change your shortcomings if you don't talk about them. Some of the most common problems of children around us, such as rudeness, willfulness, splashing water, and even swearing and hitting people, are taken advantage of by parents. You know, parents can spoil their children and be afraid of losing money, but when their children grow up and step into society, no one will spoil your children's bad habits, and then they are afraid of falling.

Of course, children are different from adults. When pointing out their problems, we should pay attention to ways and means, be reasonable, don't be a gentleman with a mean heart, and don't insult or hurt children's self-esteem.

Do you think it makes sense for the ancients to teach children five methods? !