Problems related to personality and sexual psychology

Problems related to personality and sexual psychology

Personality is a relatively stable synthesis of psychological characteristics that distinguish one person from others. The influence of sex on personality development has always been the focus of medical scientists, anthropologists and sociologists. Early sexual experience has a certain effect on later character building.

Personality disorder is a persistent and firm maladaptive behavior pattern, which obviously affects the social and professional functions of patients, or makes them feel painful. Some diseases endanger society. Personality disorder usually begins in childhood or adolescence and lasts until middle age.

Patients with personality disorder are often accompanied by sexual psychological changes. ① Obsessive personality is characterized by emotional restriction, order, stubbornness, indecision and excessive pursuit of perfection. They lack pleasant and satisfying experience in daily life, their sexual interest decreases, and they lack warmth in getting along with their spouses, but they can have a successful marriage. ② Performing personality is characterized by emotional instability, lack of emotional depth and wanting to attract attention. In order to attract people's attention, they flirt and tease to attract the opposite sex, but their sexual desire is low, and they may feel pain during sexual intercourse, thus refusing to share a room, and the relationship between husband and wife is often bad. ③ Anxiety personality is characterized by being too worried and avoiding the future. They are afraid that someone will laugh at him and look down on him. They have low self-confidence and low sexual desire. ④ Borderline personality is characterized by unstable interpersonal relationship and repeated self-injury behavior. Such people often show jealousy and impulsiveness, which leads to discord between husband and wife. If there is environmental temptation, there may be abnormal sexual behavior, including fornication, sexual perversion, rape and so on. They seek intimacy, but they can't tolerate intimacy, and eventually their families break up. ⑤ Schizophrenic personality is characterized by social isolation and emotional alienation. They are emotionally indifferent and have limited ability to express warmth and consideration to others. Not interested in contact with the opposite sex, unable to establish a trust relationship with people. Most of these people are unmarried, and most married people avoid intimate husband-wife relationships. ⑥ Paranoid personality is characterized by being suspicious and sensitive. They are prone to morbid jealousy, feel uneasy about their spouse's loyalty, and sometimes take inappropriate defensive measures, such as putting forward too many harsh requirements to test their spouse's loyalty. ⑦ emotional type's personality is characterized by exuberance and excessive enthusiasm. They are tireless, they are sociable, they are extremely active, they often have sex rashly, and they often change partners. ⑧ Dependent personality is characterized by lack of self-confidence and dependence on others. They are too obedient to the will of others and are afraid of being abandoned by people close to them. Half of these people are unmarried and it is difficult to adapt to a strong family. Immature sexual relations often fail to reach intimacy. Pet-name ruby antisocial personality is characterized by high aggression, antisocial behavior and lack of conscience. They have sex in childhood and adolescence, showing promiscuity and wild love, and their attitude towards sexual relations is rash. When you are old, you can be a prostitute, or soliciting prostitutes. Many of these people are single, unable to maintain a long-term spouse relationship, and have a history of multiple divorces or separations.

Strong computer radiation should pay attention to the personality disorder caused by staring at the screen for a long time.

The radiation waves emitted by computers are often ignored. According to the international MPR radiation safety regulations, the radiation exposure within 50cm distance must be less than or equal to 25 V/m..

When watching the computer, the evaporation of eye drops accelerates people's unconscious blinking 65,438+05 ~ 25 times per minute under normal circumstances. But when watching the computer, this physiological blink will be reduced to 5 ~ 65,438+00 times, because it is easy to concentrate on staring at the screen. In addition, when watching a computer, the open eyelids increase the exposed area of cornea and accelerate the evaporation of tears, which is prone to dry eye surface and corneal injury, resulting in dry eyes and foreign body sensation.

A survey in China shows that 3% of people have punctate corneal staining before using the computer, but it reaches 60.3% after using the computer for 2~4 hours. When corneal injury is serious, corneal epithelial erosion and inflammation can occur.

This chronic conjunctivitis is caused by many reasons, not microbial infection. Many patients use antibiotic eye drops, which can not relieve conjunctivitis. After a long time, it is easy to produce anti-gluttony and even gluttony conjunctivitis. In addition, many indications marked by gluttony on the market are also said to treat chronic conjunctivitis, which is also misleading.

In fact, hyperemia caused by eye fatigue caused by excessive computer watching (that is, symptomatic conjunctivitis) can be relieved by proper rest. In addition, dry eye and corneal injury are often accompanied by conjunctivitis.

The radiation waves emitted by computers are often ignored. According to the international MPR radiation safety regulations, the radiation exposure within 50cm distance must be less than or equal to 25 V/m.. Two measures to prevent visual fatigue, experts suggest that you should pay attention to eye hygiene when watching computers, that is, you should rest for 5~ 10 minutes after working for 40~50 minutes. In addition, there are two ways to prevent or slow down visual fatigue.

Method 1: Exercise. In order to relax the eye muscles, you can do eye exercises (close your eyes and massage the eye points) and eye exercises (keep your eyes open and move your eyes as much as possible), supplemented by hot compress and cold compress alternately (about 6~ 10 minutes each time). Hot compress can make blood circulation, relax muscles, and cold compress can reduce eye congestion.

Method 2: Choose gluttonous water. Blink more consciously when watching the computer, or often order eye drops to moisturize the eye surface. It is recommended to use eye drops (pearls, artificial tears, etc.). ) to properly relieve eye fatigue. At the same time, pay attention to ensure adequate sleep and exercise. There are six main symptoms of asthenopia syndrome: heavy eyelids and eye fatigue; Dry eyes and foreign body sensation; Fuzzy and ghost vision; Eye ache, eye pain, headache; Fear of light and tears; Eyes are bloodshot, like chronic conjunctivitis.

These symptoms can be relieved after proper rest. So it is not an eye disease, but a sub-health state of the eyes. But some people may turn into eye diseases because of long-term over-operation of computers. Common diseases include dry eye, corneal injury, conjunctivitis, high intraocular pressure and myopia. In addition, people who often deal with computers, because they face the computer screen for a long time, will unconsciously give birth to a "screen face" with indifferent expression, which is prone to personality disorders and personality abnormalities.

Operators who sit still in front of the computer for a long time consume less physical strength, but more mental energy, so they often drink cola, eat snacks and smoke, so obesity, hemorrhoids, functional hypertension, baldness, irritability, irritability, abnormal appetite and endocrine disorders are inevitable.

The radiation waves emitted by computers are often ignored. According to the international MPR radiation safety regulations, the radiation exposure within 50cm distance must be less than or equal to 25 V/m.. Computer radiation is harmful to human body, so pay special attention to the chassis, monitor and keyboard when purchasing.

In addition, in order to save space or facilitate work, many commercial organizations or offices often put monitors on the side of operators. The back and side of one operator are often the monitors of another employee, but they don't know that the radiation behind and side of the monitors is the most severe. For men who are in the developmental stage, don't choose a chair that protrudes in front, and it is not suitable for sedentary, otherwise it will easily lead to varicocele. Excessive radiation can lead to endocrine disorders, and women should reduce the time of using computers during pregnancy.

Because the child's brain is not fully developed, if it is too close to the screen, playing some video games with strong light stimulation and fast picture changes for a long time can easily lead to excessive nerve excitement, leading to convulsions and epilepsy.

In addition, typing with a keyboard for a long time is not used to handwriting, and even some commonly used words can't be written, which is prone to "agraphia". In order to ensure the comprehensive and balanced development of children's brains, the author believes that children should be restricted from using computers and should not be allowed to become such "occupational disease" patients prematurely.

Personality disorder classification

Personality characteristics of people with personality disorders obviously deviate from normal, forming a unique behavior pattern, which makes it difficult to adapt to the environment, affects social functions, and even conflicts with society, resulting in adverse consequences for themselves or society. What are the types of personality disorder?

1. Paranoid personality disorder

Paranoid personality: this kind of person is sensitive, suspicious, narrow-minded, distrustful of anyone, unsympathetic, arrogant and jealous, subjective and one-sided, and overestimates himself. He never reflects on his own shortcomings and faults, but always blames others for deliberately opposing him. They are used to taking credit for themselves, blaming others for their mistakes, ignoring any criticism, and always feeling bullied and disloyal to him. For the sake of personal interests, they complain everywhere and even write letters of accusation, and they have a strong will to never stop until they reach their goals.

2. Borderline personality disorder

Borderline personality: characterized by capricious emotional changes and unstable behavior. Such people can't control their feelings, and often get angry and lose their temper. One minute you can be extremely kind to people, and the next minute you turn your back on people. Therefore, we often have conflicts with people around us, which leads to interpersonal tension. Sometimes their emotions are abnormal, and sometimes they return to normal. Often make some impulsive behaviors, unpredictable destructive behaviors. They can't treat themselves correctly and evaluate themselves, and often feel lonely, depressed and afraid of loneliness. Many of their behaviors are similar to the early manifestations of mental illness.

3. Schizophrenia personality disorder

Split-like personality: it is characterized by weird ideas, behaviors, appearance and clothes, emotional indifference and obvious defects in interpersonal relationships. It is characterized by serious introversion, withdrawal, indifference to people, lack of emotional experience, weird behavior, fantasy or weird belief.

4. Narcissistic personality disorder

Narcissistic personality: This kind of person mainly shows excessive self-care and boasting of self-esteem. For example, he thinks he is a great person and exaggerates his achievements, abilities and appearance. Often daydream and indulge in fantasy. Usually likes to show off, and likes to get attention and praise from others. Can't accept other people's suggestions and criticisms, never consider the interests of others, ask others to do what they want, use others by hook or by crook, and never consider the impact on their reputation. We can't treat people and things dialectically, either as a flower or as useless. Can't think of others and don't understand their difficulties and difficulties.

5. Antisocial personality disorder

Anti-social personality: the behavior is not in line with social norms, often breaking the law and discipline, ruthless. They often lack normal human friendship, affection, anxiety and guilt, often impulsive behavior, debauchery and lawlessness.

6. Impulsive personality disorder

Impulsive personality: characterized by emotional outbursts and obvious behavioral impulses. It is characterized by emotional instability, irritability, disputes and impulses with people, violent attacks when emotions break out, lack of planning in activities, and anticlimactic work.

7. Dependent personality disorder

Dependent personality: the main feature is extreme dependence on others. Although they have good working ability, they lack self-confidence, lack independence, have no opinion when something goes wrong, and rely on others for everything. He thinks he is stupid, never refutes other people's opinions, tames his elders and superiors like a sheep, and is obedient to his spouse. Important events in life, such as choosing a job and finding a partner, always depend on others to make decisions or point out the direction for them.

8. Performance personality disorder

Phenotypic personality: characterized by immature personality, emotional instability, strong suggestibility and dependence, emotional, and like to attract the attention of others with exaggerated words and deeds. Expressed as rich expression, affectation, love to express themselves, can not stand criticism, willfulness, self-centeredness and fantasy.

9. Compulsive personality disorder

Compulsive personality: it is characterized by being too cautious, demanding, pursuing perfection and lacking inner security. It is characterized by demanding too much on everything, often sticking to details, indecision, repeated inspection, cleanliness, subjectivity and stubbornness.

10, anxiety personality disorder

Anxious personality: characterized by cowardice and timidity, such people are generally timid, easily frightened, sensitive and shy since childhood, nervous about everything, and prone to anxious reactions in the new environment. Such people are prone to anxiety.

The common types of personality disorder in our life are paranoid personality disorder, obsessive personality disorder, performance personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder and so on.

Diagnosis of Schizophrenic Personality Disorder

Schizophrenic personality disorder is a kind of personality disorder characterized by strange concept, appearance and behavior, obvious defects in interpersonal relationship and indifference. People with split personality are lonely, silent and secretive, and they don't like interpersonal communication and are unsociable. Feel lonely and uncomfortable in social relations, feel uncomfortable when getting along with relatives and friends, rarely feel emotional, and have distorted perception or cognition and eccentric behavior. From the early years of its existence, the process is varied, and the diagnostic criteria for schizoid personality disorder are as follows:

1, implicating ideas but not yet forming delusions.

2. Weird ideas or magical ideas that are inconsistent with their cultural background but affect their behavior.

3. Unusual perception or physical hallucinations.

4, often say some strange words, such as: vague, trivial, figurative, overly deliberate or rigid words.

5. Doubt or paranoia.

6. Feelings are unsuitable or restricted.

7. Weird behavior.

8. There are no close friends except first-degree relatives.

9. Excessive social anxiety is often accompanied by paranoid fear, but it does not make a wrong judgment on itself.

Schizophrenic personality disorder patients often find it difficult to adapt to society in life, mainly because of innate quality, acquired development and acquired acquisition.

Cases and treatment of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Visitor: Zhang, male, 19 years old, unemployed. I came to the psychological clinic myself and reported as follows: "My family is in the countryside and my parents are farmers. I am the eldest in my family, with a younger brother and a younger sister. I have been very sensible since I was a child. I know my parents are very hard. They are very strict with themselves. I don't allow myself to waste any time. The results have been among the best in the class, and I have been a class cadre since the first day of junior high school, which is very popular with teachers. In the second half of the first semester, my father scrimped and saved and bought me a watch as a reward.

In the second half of Grade Two, I began to be afraid of losing my watch. As a result, I really lost my watch in a morning exercise. I know it's not easy for my parents to earn money, and I feel extremely guilty. I often consciously go to the dormitory and the road to look for it, hoping to find it, but I have never found it, and I dare not tell my parents that my grades have begun to decline. "

Speaking of which, he is a little depressed. This is the initial feature of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. If we can find and pay attention to self-adjustment in time at this stage, we can correct it, but he doesn't realize it and doesn't know how to do it.

"Later, my family bought a sofa. I usually like to sit on the sofa and read books. Once my mother said not to sit, and never to sit on the sofa and read books in the future. After that, I really never dared to sit on the sofa again, and then I didn't even dare to look at the chair. I barely finished junior high school, and I have been unemployed at home since then, running around all day seeking medical treatment. My parents spent a lot of money on it, and I feel even worse.

Recently, I have been thinking about whether I am thirsty and hungry, whether I should sit in a chair, whether I should wash the clothes soaked in the basin now, whether I should check the light switch repeatedly when I see the light, and whether I should close and lock it repeatedly when I go out. When I associate with others, I am always afraid that others will laugh at me and feel that others' eyes are looking at me. Later, under the guidance of a doctor, I took clomipramine and other drugs for a period of time, and stopped vomiting after meals, which could restrain my scared thoughts and behaviors, but soon after stopping taking the medicine, the symptoms appeared again. Doctor, can I be cured of my illness? "Finally, he showed a sense of tension anxious to know the result.

Analysis and diagnosis: In psychiatry, obsessive-compulsive personality can be divided into three types: compulsive thinking, compulsive behavior and compulsive emotion. Later, obsessive-compulsive disorder was separated from it and became a phobia. In other words, there is an uncontrollable fear and tension about a particular person, event or scene. For example, someone is afraid of classrooms and desks, but he knows it is wrong, but he can't help it. In fact, the root cause is the alienation of early life experience (such as fear of classrooms and desks, the root cause is fear of someone in the classroom or classmates at the same table, etc.). ), which led to this anxious concept of obsessive-compulsive disorder. In fact, it is a symbolic psychological defense mechanism to relieve anxiety. Through the psychological evaluation of the visitors, it was found that they were not mentally ill, and their families were investigated, and there was no history of mental illness. So what he showed was different from the phobia caused by mental factors, so the psychologist decided to find the reason from the psychological aspect and diagnosed it as obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

Treatment plan: According to the symptoms and self-reported characteristics of the visitors, psychologists judge that their compulsive behavior is mainly caused by psychological factors and lasts for a long time. Decided to deal with it in two stages. In the first stage, cognitive understanding therapy was used to alleviate or eliminate its symptoms. In the second stage, the treatment centered on personality correction was adopted, aiming at changing his personality, helping him build up his self-confidence and gradually carrying out thorough treatment.

Counseling and treatment: Although the patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are mature intellectually and physically, their emotional age is not mature, and they are often too rational and suppress their emotions too much. Once their emotions are revealed, fear will prevail. Therefore, the psychologist first gave him a definite answer: "As long as you actively cooperate, it will be cured." Then the psychologist analyzed the causes of his symptoms and pointed out that his obsessive-compulsive ideas and behaviors were not formed in a short time, but also related to his introverted personality and seemingly relaxed but strict family education.

"When your mother scolded you, she didn't consciously hurt your self-esteem, but your mood was too childish. As the saying goes, "Once bitten, twice shy. "Even now that you are 18 years old, you are still dealing with the problems you encountered in the way you dealt with when you were a child. You should relax your emotions and really let yourself grow psychologically, instead of being a slave to the child's psychology. " After the speech, the visitors seemed to realize something. The psychologist went on to say, "Now your symptoms are not serious. As long as you have a positive attitude and don't have too much psychological pressure, try to record the number of times you have forced thoughts every day, admit that these thoughts exist and let nature take its course. If you have the idea of trying to restrain yourself from going to the toilet because you are afraid of urinary incontinence, then relax yourself, go if you want, and don't fight it, so that you can gradually dilute this idea.

Two months later, the visitor came to the psychological clinic with his father and described his recent situation to the psychological doctor:

"Since the last time I went back, with the help of my parents, I have persisted to this day, and my symptoms of consciousness have been greatly improved. I no longer force myself to do some things, such as not checking whether the doors and windows are closed at night. My parents are here anyway. I didn't feel uncomfortable when I saw the chair. I went back to the toilet seven times the next day ... "He finally smiled.

The psychologist analyzed his self-record, made a specific evaluation, and then asked him about his current problems. I think he has reached the goal of the first step of treatment, so I decided to guide him to get rid of the unreasonable beliefs that still exist, change his unreasonable beliefs, and then change his unreasonable thinking mode and absolute perfectionism mentality, so that he can gradually grow up in personality, thus enhancing his self-esteem and self-confidence and overcoming bad mental illness. The psychologist said: "From now on, you should gradually establish such a belief;" It is absolutely possible to go to the toilet twice a day. There is not much difference between sitting in a chair and sitting on a sofa. This is the feeling when the belt is tight. Others are doing their own things and don't care about me. As long as you stick to it, you will overcome the previous compulsion. "

Six months later, the visitor wrote, "I feel good now."

Summary: The main feature of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is to intellectualize conflicts and excessively suppress emotions, so the main method of correction is to reduce and relax mental stress. At the same time, give reasonable psychological treatment. In fact, terror and cleanliness are both derivatives of obsessive-compulsive mode, and their psychological causes are the same, that is, on the one hand, they are personality characteristics cultivated from childhood, on the other hand, they are confusion in adolescence. Only with the cooperation of psychologists, strengthening understanding and adopting appropriate treatment methods can we eliminate anxiety faster and face life happily and calmly.

What is Dependent Personality Disorder?

What is Dependent Personality Disorder? Patients with dependent personality disorder have excessive desire for closeness and belonging, which is obsessive, blind and irrational, and has nothing to do with real feelings.

Dependent personality generally originated from childhood. Children can't live without their mothers in childhood. A mother who protects, nurtures and meets all his needs is omnipotent in the child's mind. They must rely on her and are always afraid of losing this protector. At this time, if parents spoil their children too much, or take care of their children beyond common sense because of guilt and self-awareness, or give special treatment to their children because of their inner inferiority, in order to gain their love and respect and satisfy their self-esteem. Therefore, children are encouraged to rely on their parents and are not allowed to stand on their own feet when they grow up. Over time, children will gradually become dependent on their parents or authority. Adults still can't make their own decisions, always rely on others to make decisions, lack self-confidence, can't bear the responsibility of lifelong choice and adoption of events, and become dependent personality.

People with dependent personality are generally docile and talkative. His ingratiation and ingratiation are welcome at first, which may arouse people's favor. But soon, this sticky dependence becomes dull, and it is difficult for them to deal with interpersonal relationships. Dependent personality often lacks self-confidence, appears pessimistic, passive and negative, and is always in a passive position in interpersonal relationships.

Behavioral therapy is generally used to treat dependent personality disorder, so as to cultivate patients' self-care ability and independent and mature personality.

1. We should create all kinds of independent opportunities for patients with dependent personality, encourage patients to make progress at any time, and let patients' little progress accumulate and finally consolidate.

2. Don't strengthen the dependence psychology of patients with dependent personality, but let the dependence psychology gradually fade away. But in daily life, we often strengthen the negative behavior of patients invisibly.

Dependent personality patients are very sensitive to other people's attention and concern, and the care and attention casually revealed sometimes just strengthen their dependence.

3. Respect the love of the dependent personality patient for the people he relies on, and don't destroy these idols that he relies on. If these idols are broken and the spiritual pillar on which they live is destroyed, patients may fall into a deeper mental crisis.

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