Is it true that Jichang gallium (Jichang has never eaten Bojko's meat)?

Detailed explanation of Wang Zijian (15), coordinate: Volume 1? Zhou Jiyi "

The only thing the famous General Yang Le remembers is that he ate his son's meat. This meat was not given to him by his son, but made from his son's meat.

I believe many people know the story of "Yang Le Jia", so I won't repeat it here. In short, Yang Le was ordered by Wei Wenhou to attack Zhongshan for three years. When Sun Yat-sen was attacked, Yang Le's son Le Shu in Sun Yat-sen was made into an adult corpse and sent to Yang Le with Le Shu's head, but Yang Le drank a big bowl in front of the messenger. When Sun Yat-sen learned the news, he thought that Yang Le could not be defeated, so he surrendered.

We have heard the story that Ji Chang drank the meatball soup of the Bo Yi test, and then the meatball of the Bo Yi test turned into a rabbit, but this story is fictional, and the "Yang Le Jia" incident really happened. I'm here to sort out some questions in this story.

There are many questions about this story, such as:

Why is Le Shu in Zhongshan? What was Le Shu's official position in Zhongshan State and why was he killed? Why did Sun Yat-sen make Le Shu into a jar and give it to Yang Le? Why did Yang Le drink his son's meat? Why did Zhongshan surrender after Yang Le drank his son's meat? There are about five doubts. Only by solving these five problems can Jia's story be completely rationalized. However, it is very difficult to solve these five problems. Let's first look at the annotation 1 in the Chronicle of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty:

When attacking Zhongshan, Huang Zhai recommended Yang Le, who was fired in Wei, as the marshal. Yang Le's eldest son, Le Shu, was an official in Zhongshan State. He once surrendered Yang Le to Sun Yat-sen, but Yang Le thought it was difficult for Sun Yat-sen to achieve great things and refused. Yang Le led the army and defeated Zhongshan Army, so Zhongshan Army asked Le Shu to persuade Yang Le, but was sharply reprimanded by Yang Le. Instead, he taught Le Shu to persuade Zhongshan Zi to surrender.

Le Shu pretended to agree and asked his father to postpone the attack. Yang Le promised to stop fighting for a month, but Sun Yat-sen delayed time again and again, so that Yang Le did not attack the city for three months. All the ministers said they wanted to rebel, so they had to step up the siege, but Zhongshan was thick and had been attacking for several months. Destiny Sun, a doctor in Zhongshan, put forward a plan to tie Le Shu to the head of the city and force Yang Le to retreat, but Yang Le was unmoved.

Gongsun Jiao thought that Yang Le was too slow to attack, so he thought that Yang Le was worried about Le Shu, so he advised Zhongshan Zi to kill Le Shu and give it to Yang Le as a meat pot, thinking that it would make Yang Le sad and unwilling to fight, so that Zhongshan Army could take the opportunity to defeat Yang Le. However, Yang Le saw that there was no sadness behind the broth, and even ate the broth in front of the messenger. When Zhongshan Jun learned of this incident, he knew that Yang Le's will was unshakable. In order to avoid humiliation after the city was broken, he hanged himself. Gongsun Jiao had to open the door to surrender, and was later killed by Yang Le.

The History of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty barely rounded up the story, but his statement itself has three problems:

First, he didn't explain the fourth doubt, because if according to the novel, Sun Yat-sen's downfall is a matter of time, and Yang Le doesn't need to drink his son's broth at all, unless he wants to have a rare sumptuous meal.

Second, many explanations in the novel lack historical basis. For example, wei ren and Gongsun Jiao contributed ideas, which were all made up by novelists for the smooth progress of the plot.

Third, many explanations in the novel are contrary to historical materials. For example, Le Shu suggested that Yang Le withdraw its troops, but Yang Le promised to stop fighting. According to "Huainanzi" Note 2: "The son of a county in a city is the sign of Yang Le. Yang Yue said, "The righteousness of the monarch and the minister cannot be selfish." The more urgent the attack, it can be seen that this is also a fabrication. Without this foundation, it is nonsense for Gongsun Jiao to say that he killed Le Shu to mess with the sheep's heart.

Therefore, the explanation of the whole story is actually full of loopholes, and another novel, Chunqiu Zhuan, has another version of explanation. The explanation of this book is relatively loyal to historical materials, which is relatively simple, probably just connecting historical materials in series, without explaining the five questions we raised above clearly. The explanation in this book will not be described here. You can look for it yourself if you are interested.

The reason why I want to quote the explanation of "Yang Le Jia" in the novel is to explain that the above five questions are difficult to explain, because the historical records are very simple and the cause and effect are very general, so it is difficult to collect relevant information. Below, let's look at the problems one by one and explain the above doubts as clearly as possible.

1. Why is Le Shu in Zhongshan? I found the answer to this question in note 4 of Mr. Qian Mu's "Examination of the Pre-Qin Scholars":

Zou Yang wrote a book saying, "Bai Gui defeated six cities and occupied Zhongshan for Wei. Zhongshan evil Wei Wenhou, night light cast. " Zhang Yan said, "Bai Gui was a general of Zhongshan and died in six cities. You want to kill him, he died in Wei. When I meet Hou Wen, I will pull Zhongshan. "

According to Mr. Qian Mu's textual research, the above-mentioned Bai Gui is a misinformation about Yang Le. Therefore, Yang Le is actually a general of Zhongshan State. In the battle with Wei, he lost six cities, so he fled to Wei in a hurry, while his eldest son Le Shu stayed in Zhongshan.

This conclusion can explain many problems. "Huai Nan Zi Ren Xun" says: "Jiang Wei Yang Le attacked Zhongshan, and his son held Zhongshan in the city." Note 5: If Yang Le didn't escape, how could Le Shu be "imprisoned"? It was because Yang Le was a rebel that Le Shu was arrested.

Moreover, after capturing Zhongshan, Yang Le was sealed in Zhongshan by Wei Wenhou, and was buried there after his death, and his descendants also lived here. Note 5: This shows that Yang Le himself is from Zhongshan.

Later, Yang Le was suspected by Wei Wenhou and was never used again. Yang Le should spend the rest of his life here.

2. What was Le Shu's official position in Zhongshan State and why was he killed? With the above foundation, this problem is obvious. Le Shu may be the general of Zhongshan, but when Yang Le attacked Zhongshan, Le Shu had become a prisoner of Zhongshan.

As for Le Shu's murder, we can refer to this passage in Huainanzi Human Training:

Wei Yu attacked Zhongshan, and his son was in the city. The son of Chengzhong County is a pleasant goat. Yang Yue said: "The righteousness of the monarch and the minister cannot be selfish." The more urgent the attack. Zhongshan cooked his son.

Yang Le spent three years attacking Sun Yat-sen's capital, and Sun Yat-sen threatened Le Shu. But Yang Le was not only unmoved, but stepped up the siege, so the Zhongshan people killed Le Shu to vent their anger, which was the most direct reason.

3. Why did Sun Yat-sen make Le Shu into a meat pot and give it to Yang Le? Because of the misinformation of novels and interpretations, we always think that Le Shu was killed out of conspiracy, and cooking broth for Yang Le was naturally for strategic purposes. However, if we put aside these incentives and analyze them according to the above questions, it is quite normal for Le Shu to be punished for smoking and cooking.

As we said earlier, Sun Yat-sen killed Le Shu to avenge himself and vent his hatred, and cooking punishment is the most extreme way to retaliate against a person, which often happens in history books. For example, when Liu Bang's father was captured by Xiang Yu, Xiang Yu threatened Liu Bang to cook Liu Taigong. For another example, after Li Sheng was betrayed by Xiang Yu, he was also thrown into the tripod by Tian Guang, the king of Qi, to vent his anger.

As for the purpose of frustrating Yang Le's psychology, this is actually not a problem, because since it is revenge, it must be to hit the other person's psychology, but it is not the direct cause of killing Le Shu. It is even more nonsense to say that Sun Yat-sen cooked Le Shu to repel the enemy. Since Yang Le stepped up the siege, he made up his mind to "give up his son to do all the work". At this time, even if you put the music bag into jiaozi, it is impossible to change Yang Le's mind. I believe that King Zhongshan will not be so naive.

On the other hand, Le Shu is not a threat to Yang Le. How can Le Shu stop Yang Le's attack? This will only increase hatred for Yang Le, so there is actually no conspiracy theory here.

4. Why did Yang Le drink his son's meat? If, as the novel says, Sun Yat-sen cooked Le Shu to test Yang Le's determination to attack the city and decide whether to surrender, then this problem is well explained. But with the above foundation, we know that this statement is unreliable.

But as we said before, Sun Yat-sen cooked Le Shu just to vent his anger, so why did Yang Le drink the soup sent by the messenger of Sun Yat-sen? You can only find the answer from relevant information.

"Everything is done" Note 7:

King Zhongshan cooked the soup left by his son. Yang Le sat under the curtain, sipping and having a drink. Hou Wen said that the blocking teacher praised him and said, "Yang Le ate his son's meat because of me."

Wei Wenhou said that Yang Le had drunk his son's broth.

Zhuangzi Ji Jie quoted Huainan Taixun as Note 8:

"Yang Le attacked Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, but failed to capture it. Zhongshan cooked his son and he ate it to demonstrate. "

Note 9 of Liu Xiang's Shuowen Yuan Yue:

"Zhongshan left it because he cooked his son, and Yang Le ate a cup of food. Zhongshan saw its sincerity and could not bear to fight with it, but it was fruitless. "

Note 10 The Theory of Clock in Zi Tong Zhi Jian;

"Jia is not ungrateful to his father and son, but also has a sense of justice."

From these descriptions, we can be sure that Yang Le ate Le Shu's broth for a purpose, not for toothache, nor because he was reluctant to part with his son and ate some meat as a souvenir.

It is also certain that Yang Le is "just" and gallium is "just". Of course, the most direct "justice" that Yang Le faces is to break the Zhongshan State. So, does "Yang Lejia" help to break through Zhongshan State? There must be. First of all, you can give each other a "demonstration" and play a role in shocking each other. This effect is very direct. Zhongshan Jun gave Le Shu's broth to Yang Le, originally out of revenge and resentment, but also for the psychological purpose of attacking Yang Le. However, Yang Le ate the broth in front of the emissary, which undoubtedly contained great hatred and determination, and it was a strong shock to Zhongshan Jun's heart.

The second function is to stabilize the morale of the army and express the determination to destroy Zhongshan State. This is also easy to understand. Zhongshan Jun wanted to upset Yang Le and watch Yang Le's jokes, but Yang Le's performance was enough to crush all his intentions. This will not only stabilize the morale of the army, but also convey to the Zhongshan Army a determination to destroy Zhongshan State.

So, how do you understand what Wei Wenhou said, "Yang Le ate his son's meat because of me"? A simple understanding is that Yang Le's murders are to destroy Zhongshan and to repay Wei Wenhou.

5. Why did Zhongshan surrender after Yang Le drank his son's meat? With the previous analysis, this problem is actually very obvious.

Huainanzi manpower training:

Because Zhongshan cooked his son, he left Ding Tang and Ding Tou. Yang Le cried and said, "It's my son!" I have sipped three cups for the messenger. When the messenger came back to report, Zhongshan said, "Even those who promised to die are reluctant." Then surrender.

"Shuo Yuan" said: "When Zhongshan sees its sincerity, he can't bear to fight with it, and he will gain something."

As we said before, the reason why Sun Yat-sen killed Le Shu was to vent his anger and revenge. At this time, he should not have thought of turning himself in. Because if he really wanted to surrender, he wouldn't have killed Le Shu to make enemies.

However, after killing Le Shu, what Yang Le did shocked Zhongshan, and the hatred and determination conveyed by Yang Le made Zhongshan feel scared. In the face of Yang Le's attack, Zhongshan is not sure to hold the city. If the city is breached, it will be humiliated and retaliated by Yang Le, so it just surrenders to reduce hatred.

After answering the above five questions, the truth of "Yang Le Jia" will come out. Yang Le Jia was rewarded by Wei Wenhou, but his amazing behavior also made Wei Wenhou stay away.

"Everything is done wrong, Shang Lin said" records:

Hou Wen said that the blocking teacher praised him and said, "Yang Le ate his son's meat because of me." Answer: "My son eats, who doesn't?" Yang Le went to Zhongshan, and Hou Wen rewarded him and doubted his heart.

Guo Yuanzi's Tongzhi Bamboo Slips of the Three Kingdoms: A Comparison with Sima Guang's Collection of Traditional Chinese Studies $59 Purchase Reference Note 1 See Chapter 85 of Historical Records of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.

Note 2 See Huainanzi, Volume 18, Human Training.

Note 3 See Chapter 90 of Chunqiu Zhuan.

Note 4 See the Textual Research of Pre-Qin Scholars in Qian Mu's Textual Research of Forty Weili County.

Note 5 See Three Biographies of Historical Records and Le Yi.

Note 6 See Volume 8 of Shuo Yuan, Liu Xiang's New Preface and Miscellaneous Matters II, etc.

Note 7 See Everything is Wrong, which says that the forest is twenty-two.

Note 8 See Zhuangzi Ji Jie on Wuqi [Qing] Wang Xianqian.

Note 9 See the five guides of Shuo Yuan.

Note 10 See Zi Jian, Volume 64.