The story of the greatest mathematician?

Archimedes was born in Syracuse, Sicily, at the southern tip of the Italian peninsula in 287 BC. Father is a mathematician and astronomer. Archimedes had a good family upbringing since childhood. 1 1 years old, was sent to study in Alexandria, the cultural center of Greece. In this famous city known as the "Capital of Wisdom", Archimedes Job collected books and learned a lot of knowledge, and became a protege of Euclid students erato Sese and Cannon, studying geometric elements.

Later, Archimedes became a great scholar who was both a mathematician and a mechanic, enjoying the reputation of "the father of mechanics". The reason is that he discovered the lever principle through a lot of experiments, and then deduced many lever propositions through geometric derivation and gave strict proofs. Among them is the famous Archimedes principle, and he has also made brilliant achievements in mathematics. Although there are only a dozen works by Archimedes, most of them are geometric works, which have played a decisive role in promoting the development of mathematics.

A famous story is that Herod, king of Syracuse, told a goldsmith to make a crown out of pure gold. Because he suspected that there was silver in it, he asked Archimedes to identify it. When he entered the bathtub to take a bath, the water overflowed outside the bathtub, so he realized that although the weight of objects made of different materials was the same, the discharged water would be different because of their different volumes. According to this truth, it can be judged whether the crown is adulterated. Archimedes jumped up with joy and ran home naked, shouting, "Found it! Eureka "(Greek enrhka, meaning" I found it ") he summed up the basic principle of hydrostatics, that is, the weight of an object in a liquid is equal to the weight of the liquid. In his famous On Floating Bodies, he was later famous for Archimedes' principle.

In 2 12 BC, Roman troops invaded Syracuse and broke into Archimedes' house. They saw an old man burying his head in the ground into a geometric figure, and the soldiers trampled it down. Archimedes angered the soldiers: "Don't ruin my picture! The soldier drew his dagger and stabbed the great scientist, but Archimedes died at the hands of stupid and ignorant Roman soldiers. His life is not recorded in detail, but many stories about him are widely circulated. It is said that after he established the lever theorem of mechanics, he once had a magnificent saying: "Give me a foothold and I can move the earth!"! "! " , known as the "father of mechanics".

Sand Calculation is a book devoted to the study of calculation methods and theories. Archimedes wanted to calculate the number of grains of sand in a big sphere full of the universe. He used a very strange imagination, established a new counting method of order of magnitude, determined a new unit, and put forward a model to represent any large number, which is closely related to logarithmic operation.

Using circumscribed circle and 96-plane inscribed circle to measure the circle, the pi is obtained as follows: