What is the poet Su Shi?

First, the birth of genius is unstoppable.

In A.D. 1037, all the flowers and trees on Meishan Mountain in Sichuan suddenly withered overnight, and people couldn't figure out what was going on until 65 years later, the trees on this mountain suddenly came back to life. Later, the locals all said that it was related to one person. Who is he? He is Su Shi, a famous writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, whom we will introduce today.

Su Shi was born in Meishan, Sichuan. His father, Su Xun, is poor, and his mother, Cheng Jia, is a little richer and generally well-off. However, although Su Xun was born in a poor family, and he was never admitted to Jinshi in his life, he still became one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Why? Just because Jinshi fails to pass the exam doesn't mean he can't study. There used to be a saying describing Su Xun's study in St. Amethyst: "Su Laoquan, at the age of 27, began to study on fire." That is to say, Su Xun was a young man who didn't like reading before he was twenty-seven, and then he began to study behind closed doors.

"Brother Su, go out for a drink!" "No, I'm studying."

"Su Ge, go to Kaifeng recently!" "No, I'm studying."

In this way, Su Xun studied behind closed doors and read and wrote every day. He not only taught himself better and better, but also trained two good children who love reading, namely Su Shi and his younger brother Su Zhe.

Su Xun was so strict with his two children that in his later years, Su Shi dreamed that Su Xun was checking his recitation. He didn't recite, so he woke up from his dream. When he woke up, he was in a state of confusion, like a fishhook in his mouth. Think about it, an old man was awakened by his father in a dream. How strict is Su Xun? You can also read this poem and feel it:

Sleepwalking at night is like a teenager, and the father and teacher are surprised to leave the book.

It is the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period and the beginning of Huanzhuang.

I feel uneasy, sitting up is like hanging fishing.

In this way, under the strict requirements of Su Xun, Su Shi recited 800,000 words of Hanshu every day, and Su Shi's genius was gradually revealed. When he was ten years old, he once wrote an article "On the Mouse", which said: "People can break down a wall of 1000 yuan, but they can't beat the tiger with their voices."

The meaning of this poem is: "People are quiet when breaking precious jasper, but they may scream when breaking a jar;" People can kill tigers, but they are afraid when they see wasp scorpions. "It is really amazing to have such knowledge at an early age.

An article takes you through the life of talented Su Shi.

Second, be admitted to the world.

When Su Shi grew up, he was even more remarkable. In 1056, Su Xun took Su Shi, who was just in his early twenties, and Su Zhe, who was 19 years old, to Beijing to take the exam. In the era of "70-year-old scholar", after layers of selection, Su Shi, 2 1 year-old, took the exam sponsored by does for the first time and won the second place.

You might say, "Oh, second place?" In fact, as you think, Su Shi should be the first, and all this is attributed to one person, that is, Ouyang Xiu, the literary leader at that time.

When Ouyang Xiu, the examiner, looked at the paper, he saw Su Shi's article. At that time, Ouyang Xiu's psychological activity was like this: "Hey, yeah! How can this article be written so well and so wonderfully? There is nothing to say about this proper first! "

However, just as Ouyang Xiu was preparing to win the first prize for this paper, an idea suddenly appeared in his mind. He hesitated: "I'm afraid only my student Ceng Gong can write such a good article!" If I give him the first place, won't they all say I'm covering up! It's not bad to give a second place. "In this way, Su Shi was given the second place by Ouyang Xiu."

As soon as the result came out, Ouyang Xiu was dumbfounded: "Meishan Su Shi? How is this possible! " In fact, he didn't know there was someone outside, and there was a day behind him. Later, Ouyang Xiu collected some articles by Su Shi. After reading them, he only felt sweaty: "Genius, genius, thirty years later, no one will definitely know me again." Such a talented person, I should avoid the road and let him out. "

This is how the idiom "get ahead" comes from. After that, with his pen and mouth, Su Shi won the first place in the system examination, and his official position rose all the way, which was unstoppable. From then on, he became famous in Beijing and became a famous celebrity in the literary and art circles.

An article takes you through the life of talented Su Shi.

Third, opposition to political reform was framed.

In fact, in addition to his good writing, Su Shi was also very kind when he was an official, always thinking of the people, but he happened to meet Wang Anshi's political reform. At that time, court officials were divided into political reform school and anti-political reform school. Su Shi did not support Wang Anshi's political reform and belonged to the anti-political reform school. His opinion is: "Isn't this nonsense?" How can we carry out such a big reform? There are loopholes everywhere and the people are miserable. "What is even more exasperating is that Song Shenzong is still very supportive of Wang Anshi.

Although Su Shi is kind-hearted, he is a knife with a mouth and a tofu heart. He was sharp-edged and outspoken, but he did not hide it, but he also offended many people. Su Shi criticized the new law again and again. Today, he wrote a book about Emperor Zongshen, and tomorrow, he wrote another book about Emperor Zongshen, complaining to Song Shenzong. He also said, "In this case, I will not stay in court. I want to go to a place that benefits the people. "

Genius is still too proud, but reality is very skinny. Later, Zongshen could do nothing about Su Shi. After all, he supported Wang Anshi, so a decree came down and Su Shi was sent to Hangzhou.

But Su Shi was not discouraged: "Then I will benefit the people!" He traveled to Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou and other places, serving the people, catching locusts, repairing wells and begging for rain, etc., and won wide acclaim. However, Su Shi's outstanding performance has become a thorn in the side of the reformists. They started with Su Shi's poems, looking for evidence of Su Shi's crime and wanted to persecute him. When I first transferred to Huzhou to be a knowledge year, disaster struck.

The villain of the reformists launched a literary inquisition against Su Shi: "Who makes you the most active, talkative and influential?" In this way, Su Shi was framed into the prison of Yushitai, and was locked up for almost three or four months, which was called "Wutai Poetry Case" in history.

In prison, he was tortured to the skin and bones, and even the medicine for suicide was ready, and he did not intend to get out alive. However, there were so many people pleading for Su Shi that even Wang Anshi, who had retired, came out to plead for Su Shi (it can be seen that the two men were fighting for a gentleman). At the same time, the ancestors of the Song Dynasty emperor made a rule: "You can't kill a scholar-bureaucrat."

Su Shi was not beheaded, but after he was released from prison, he was demoted from a mayor to Huangzhou, Hubei Province, where birds don't shit. He is also a criminal officer under house arrest, named "Huangzhou Youth League Training Assistant, who is placed in this state and is not allowed to sign books and official business". How cruel.

An article takes you through the life of talented Su Shi.

Fourth, he was demoted to Huangzhou and lived a gaudy life.

However, Su Shi is a very optimistic person. He can't kill Xiao Qiang! Not only did he not give up hope for life, but he came out of his sadness and shouted an eternal famous sentence: "Looking back at the bleak place, rain or shine." Xiao Su, I will not be defeated. I must always be strong and brave. "

At first, Su Shi had no fixed abode. Because Xu Junyou, the local mayor, appreciated Su Shi's talent very much, he borrowed a post station by the river-Lingaoge for Su Shi to live in. From then on, under the guidance of the spirit of Ah Q, Su Shi began to gain "life wealth" through "self-paralysis".

In terms of living, although the house is very broken, Su Shi said:

"Eighty paces is a great river, and half is Emei snow water. I eat and take a shower, why go home! Romantic changes, mainly idle people. I heard that Fan Zifeng's new garden pool, who won? Those who are inferior will help without money and taxes. "

What do you mean? Restoring the scene at that time, Su Shi said: "Although my home is leaking rain, it is a river view room. When I go out, I go straight to the river. The water in the river is the water of Emei Mountain, and the mountains, water, wind and moon on this river are all mine. I heard that someone built a very luxurious garden. How does this compare with mine? Can't compare! And he has to pay taxes, I don't have to! " It can be said that honey juice is confident!

Let's talk about food Although he can't afford mutton for the rich, he can only eat pork that the poor despise, but Su Shi made a famous dish "Dongpo Meat" with this unwanted pork.

Clean the pot, no water, no firewood. Don't rush him when he is ripe, he will be beautiful when the heat is enough. Huangzhou good pork, the price is as cheap as dirt. If you refuse to eat, the poor can't cook. When you get up in the morning, you make two bowls, which are full, and you can't care.

What do you mean? Su Shi first explained the practice of Dongpo meat, and then said, "People with money don't eat it, and people without money don't eat it. Fortunately, I am very good! The food I cooked smells delicious! Who cares? I will eat myself first. " In this way, Su Shi solved the problem of eating.

Without wine, Su Shi learned to make wine by himself, so "Dongpo honey wine" appeared. He designed it without clothes, and "Dongpo hat" appeared, which was later imitated by literati in the Northern Song Dynasty. This is another story.

When the money is spent, I will go to farm and build a wasteland called Dongpo, also known as Dongpo lay man. By the way, I will build a house called Tang Xue, plant bamboo and plum blossoms, and say that this is my own study. I will usually draw strange trees and stones in it and write cold food stickers, and then I will narcissistically say, "Ah! I may be the reincarnation of Tao Yuanming! "

When he has nothing to do, he has fun everywhere and tells ghost stories to farmers around him. When he eats shortbread, he calls it "Why Shortbread", and when he drinks too much water, he calls it "Water is not right". Today, he went to Chibi to play by himself, and wrote a song "Niannujiao Chibi" by the way. When I was in a good mood, I asked my friends to go to Chibi to play, and then I wrote a poem "Ode to the Red Wall", so I couldn't sleep at night.

Su Shi's Huangzhou poetry became famous, and Dongpo meat became a classic. Everyone knows why Dongpo is so fragile, and how to release water wrongly has become an eternal joke. Dongpo hats are sought after by people, and cold food sticks with strange trees and rocks have become priceless. Who would have thought that these rich spiritual properties were all done by Su Shi when he was a farmer and a criminal in Huangzhou? Really, no one can stop the light of genius!

An article takes you through the life of talented Su Shi.

Fifth, the short spring falls again and again.

Maybe god can't take it anymore. Song Shenzong was actually soft on Su Shi and wanted to promote him, but he died soon, and the new queen mother in charge of state affairs also appreciated Su Shi very much. It can be said that the wind and water have turned. After Su Shi stayed in Huangzhou for four years, his official position soared and he achieved the position of deputy prime minister.

Although Su Shi went to the local office because of the party's struggle, he was not idle. Today, he built a Su Causeway, and tomorrow, he will have a three-pool moon. Now, among the eight scenic spots in the West Lake, Su Shi's "Su Causeway Xiao Chun" and "San Tan Yin Yue" are still in an invincible position. It can be said that he played the role of a master architect.

However, it didn't take long for Feng Shui to turn around again. The Queen Mother Gao died and worshipped her father's succession. This time, Su Shi was directly demoted to Huizhou, Guangdong. Huizhou can be said to be a place of death. Basically, officials who come here are either dead or injured, but who is Su Shi? Su Shi is a very optimistic person! His Ah Q spirit once again occupied the dominant position:

"Lingnan how bad? This peace of mind is my hometown ":I want to take this sentence as truth." The environment is not important, the mentality is the most important!

"300 lychees a day. As a Lingnan person, I grew up without hesitation." For example, there is nothing wrong with seeing Lingnan! I can't finish eating 300 lychees a day, which is much happier than the officials in the court, hahahaha!

"Every household in Lingnan will have guests when spring comes." And there are many beautiful scenery in Lingnan! What's the matter? Hahaha!

"Nobody eats sheep bones? I eat! I baked it and ate it. It is delicious. I am not strong! " Today, thousands of years later, people prefer to eat sheep bones instead of mutton. There is also a fashionable name called "Sheep Scorpion" Su Shi, which can be said to have properly led the trend of the times.

However, Ah Q also has to pay a price. The reformists saw that Su Shi was still very moist: "Moisten?" I'll demote you to Hainan Island and see if you're satisfied! "

In this way, Su Shi, who was in his sixties, was banished to Hainan Island. However, after arriving in Hainan, Su Shi remained optimistic. Although Hainan "has no meat to eat, no medicine to eat when he is sick, no house to live in, no friends to go out, no charcoal in winter and no cold in spring in summer", don't forget that Su Shi's adaptability is super strong, and he has started to travel in the wild himself, such as building a house in Tanya's forest and learning the local language. Who can imagine a 60-year-old Su Shi building a house in Hainan with bare arms and a Hainan-flavored Mandarin?

Besides, is there no meat in Hainan? Then find the wild one. Finally, one day, Su Shi discovered something called oyster. He cooked and roasted it, so how to eat it. I thought it was simply delicious, so I quickly wrote to my son and said, "Son! Dad found something delicious! Emma. It's delicious, but it's a secret of our family from now on. Don't tell anyone, or someone will rob me! "

A 60-year-old Su Shi was exiled to Hainan Island and went to the wild. After all, he was not defeated by life and still maintained his usual innocence and humor.

An article takes you through the life of talented Su Shi.

Sixth, a generation of superstars will eventually fall.

However, Song Zhezong was also a short-lived emperor. He died in 1 10 1. I didn't expect Su Shi to come back alive, but he actually returned to the mainland alive.

Su Shi summed up his life and said, "Ask about your life's achievements, Danzhou, Huizhou and Huangzhou" and also issued a cry to defend himself: "Who embellished the clouds and the moon, the sky and the sea are clear!"

However, despite returning to the mainland, Su Shi did not escape the clutches of death. Su Shi, who had just returned, was seriously ill and finally died in Changzhou, Jiangsu.

Even if he died, Su Shi was relieved. He smiled and said, "I have never done anything bad in my life. Although I may not go to heaven, I will never go to hell. "

In this way, a generation of literary giants fell.

Seven, liberal arts, optimistic and open-minded.

Su Shi's life can be described as ups and downs, genius, Huangzhou criminal, deputy prime minister, Huizhou criminal and Danzhou criminal. However, despite Su Shi's eventful life, we can find that Su Shi seems to be an invincible tumbler. No matter what the environment, he actively creates a better life.

Dongpo Meat, Dongpo Tile, Dongpo Tofu, Sheep Scorpion, Roasted Oyster and Dongpo Honey Wine make Su Shi a great gourmet. Dongpo Hat and Dongpo Towel can be described as design masters, while Su Causeway Xiao Chun and Santan silver moon can be described as architectural masters.

In addition, he left thousands of poems, such as "Missing Red Cliff", "When Will the Bright Moon Come" and "Hunting in Jiangchengzi Mizhou". He is known as one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties", and he invented idioms such as "You Ji" and "Lion Roar", which is well-deserved in China literary circles.