Why did the emperor take an umbrella when he traveled? Umbrella became a love prop in Song Dynasty.

In my opinion, the emperor travels with an umbrella just like the current leader travels by car. Why did the ancient emperor take an umbrella when traveling? First of all, the emperor is the ninth five-year plan. Always need protection. But this is a superficial understanding, and there are historical reasons behind the emperor's trip to open an umbrella. Let's have a look.

The emperor travels with an umbrella. The Notes of Ancient and Modern in the Western Jin Dynasty recorded that "the canopy was made by the Yellow Emperor" and "it has the image of a flower."

Speaking of umbrellas, there is one of the most popular two-part allegorical sayings called "Monks are holding umbrellas-you can't get angry". Why is there such a statement? In addition to objectively leaving no hair and covering the sky with umbrellas, it is because of the ancient regulations of using umbrellas that monks, including monks, can't use umbrellas casually. The umbrella called "Gai Hua" was once a royal item of the emperor and nobles of China.

The emergence of this system has a lot to do with a legend. There is a sentence in Gai Hua in Cui Bao's Notes on Ancient and Modern Costume in the Western Jin Dynasty: "Gai Hua was made by the Yellow Emperor. In the field of Zhuolu, there are often five-color clouds, golden branches and jade leaves, which stop at the emperor. There is an image of flowers, so it is also a canopy. "

The "canopy" mentioned in Notes on Ancient and Modern Times is actually an umbrella-shaped auspicious cloud. The umbrella-shaped five-color Xiangyun is considered as the manifestation of the gods, protecting the Yellow Emperor, the ancestor of Chinese humanities. It is precisely because of this legend that later feudal emperors, as emperors, had to take a caravan to support their awnings. Similar umbrellas such as "Cuigai", "Zhigai", "Fenggai", "Crane Gai" and "Luogai" were also exclusive umbrellas for nobles. But the word "umbrella" did not appear in the pre-Qin period, and the umbrella was often called "cover" at that time.

The emperor's umbrella is not only auspicious, but also a symbol of imperial power, representing the protection of the people all over the world. The emperor's superstition about umbrellas is also related to the legend of Yu Shun. According to Records of the Five Emperors, Yu Shun was the eighth grandson of the Yellow Emperor, whose father was blind and was called "Gu Sou". After Yu Shun's mother died, she remarried and gave birth to a son "Xiang". Gu Sou likes elephants and wants to burn Yu Shun. "Obey me and come down here with two hats. If you go, you won't die."

Yu Shun escaped from the fire with the help of "Dai Li". What kind of hat is this? Some are translated into hats, but they are not. The hat to help Yu Shun out of danger should be a kind of rain gear called "dēng". In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xu Shen said in "Shuo Wen Jie Zi": "Bang, also." A hairpin is a bamboo hat with a handle, isn't it an umbrella?

Duan Yucai, an exegetist in Qing Dynasty, commented: "A hat with a handle like a cover is today's rain." There is also an ancient word "s m: n" in the paragraph notes. The official edition of Lei Pian in Song Dynasty said that it was careless to stick to the tradition of "umbrella".

What are the special rules for using umbrellas in past dynasties? The emperor used "pholiota adiposa", "three officials and nine ministers" and a black umbrella "soap cover".

The "canopy" used by the emperor, besides the traditional circle, was also made into a square, also called a "square umbrella".

The imperial umbrella is very particular about making and using materials. "Yu Wei Square Umbrella" said: "Square, satin is extremely red and purple, all five feet square, no embroidery, bronze dragon head with four corners, hanging tassels, straight handle, top and handle size, all made of Kowloon curved cover."

There are strict regulations on the use of umbrellas in past dynasties. The material, color and size of an umbrella, just like the black veil worn on the head and the imperial costume worn on the body, should distinguish the size and status of the official position.

Li Zhou Guan Chun's article "Towel Car" stipulates that the car of the king and queen should be covered with feather covers, that is, umbrellas decorated with beautiful bird feathers. It was stipulated in the Han Dynasty that the "three officials and nine ministers" who were over 2,000 stones could use a "soap cover", that is, a black umbrella.

In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, there was a rule of using umbrellas for official ceremonies, and emperors and nobles used "Luo umbrellas" when traveling. The umbrellas used by the emperor are all yellow, commonly known as "pholiota adiposa".

In the Sui Dynasty, the "purple cover" was a special umbrella for emperors and officials above the third grade, and officials above the third grade could use the "green cover". The maximum number of officials is 8, and only 1 can be supported for those with low level.

The umbrellas used by the emperors in Song Dynasty were red and yellow, and those used by courtiers were blue. During the reign of Song Zhenzong Zhao Heng, people were forbidden to use cloth umbrellas. According to the records in Song Dynasty's Spring Retreat Record and Song Dynasty's Ming History, it was difficult to tell the good from the bad at that time. In September of the fifth year of Dazhong Xiangfu (AD 10 12), Zhao Heng stipulated: "Only the prince is allowed to use it, and the rest are forbidden."

Why did the royal family in Song Dynasty emphasize the use of red and yellow umbrellas? Song Gaocheng's "Wu Ji Yuan" explains this: "Today, children regard red and yellow as second class, and ordinary people regard green as second class. Its son of heaven is Huang, which was built on the left side of the Huang family in Qin and Han Dynasties. " The "Huangjia Left Wing Room" was the emperor's special car in Qin and Han Dynasties, and the umbrella was lined with a yellow collar.

In the Ming Dynasty, county officials were qualified to use the "green umbrella". Although Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, was born in poverty, he was hierarchical after he proclaimed himself emperor. He once ordered people not to use "silk umbrellas" made of fine silk.

The green umbrella was once the pursuit of the Ming Dynasty officialdom. The article "Liang Qing Umbrella" in Xie Kan's Satire in the Ming Dynasty recorded a cold joke that happened at that time: a man named Liu Ziyi was not promoted and reused, saying that he could not get sick. A colleague came to visit him, and he claimed to be "deficient-heat attack." A participant named Shi joked: "It only takes a cool dress to disperse." Cool and scattered homophonic "green umbrella", pun intended.