When was nunchakus invented?

The exact history of nunchakus cannot be verified, but I always try to understand how things evolved and developed. Nunchakus should be used as agricultural tools at the earliest-flail. From 13 to 14, a large number of Japanese immigrated to Okinawa, an island near Japan.

island of Okinawa

These immigrants from China settled in a city called Jiumi Village. They master many kinds of martial arts, one of which is the use of weapons, which they call "nunchakus". The Japanese are very interested in this kind of martial arts, and many Japanese go to Kumimura to learn this attractive self-defense technique. Later, the technique of nunchakus was improved by Japan to suit their own martial arts characteristics, and the name of nunchakus was also changed.

The Japanese call it nunchakus. They also changed the shape of nunchakus-the nunchakus designed by China consist of two round bars and an iron chain, while the Japanese nunchakus consist of two octagonal bars and a rope. There are several different types of this shape.

From 1970 to 1974, there was an upsurge of Bruce Lee kungfu movies in Europe. The legendary kung fu hero Bruce Lee used this exquisite weapon-nunchakus in his movies.

Bruce Lee

With nunchakus, Bruce Lee is like an invincible machine, and the power of this weapon is unheard of. Bruce Lee's films are very successful in almost all European countries, and sports clubs are eager to learn oriental martial arts, especially nunchakus.

The popularity of nunchakus also brings its disadvantages. People often fight with nunchakus in the street, and some even commit crimes. Children also think it's cool to hold nunchakus, even though they don't know how to use them. Soon, this oriental hand-held weapon was regarded by the public as a "killing stick", which is a completely wrong definition, because this weapon is used for fighting, of course, not just killing people. Regrettably, this misunderstanding still exists today.

The Dutch government investigated the origin and history of nunchakus, but at that time, the Dutch Wushu League (composed of judo, karate and taekwondo) put forward a wrong view: nunchakus is an offensive weapon. So the Dutch don't recognize nunchakus as oriental martial arts. Nunchakus are forbidden by law and become inferior weapons such as sticks and knives. At that time, it was impossible to practice nunchaku, even for those who studied karate seriously (in fact, nunchaku is a traditional weapon of karate).

Fortunately, since Milco Lambrecht from Amstelveen won the large-scale knight martial arts competition held by Zendokan magazine, the situation has changed-because nunchakus technology is the main factor for Milco Lambrecht to win. Since then, organizations specializing in practicing nunchakus have been established. Milco Lambrecht recruited several nunchaku masters from all over the country to study how to hold nunchaku competitions. Soon, everyone had an idea: to develop an officially independent nunchaku movement.

1985, Mr Lambrecht invented a kind of plastic foam nunchakus, which was called "safety nunchakus". With this kind of safety nunchakus, it is possible to organize nunchakus competitions. Special clothes, helmets, competition rules and graduation standards were also available, and nunchakus finally appeared.

Partly because of the support of commentator ohn Haanen, nunchaku has developed quite rapidly. Training nunchaku coaches and organizing martial arts competitions are in full swing everywhere. 1987 Dutch nunchaku base (SNN) was established. This organization was recognized by NSF on 1990 and agreed to join the Oriental Wushu Alliance (FOG).

The yellow and black safety nunchakus are the only nunchakus allowed by SNN, and all other nunchakus are forbidden. SNN's safety nunchaku is also the only nunchaku recognized by judicial organizations and procuratorial organs.

The sport of nunchakus began in 1984, and now it has been recognized as a martial art by the society, and nunchakus is no longer an offensive weapon used by street criminals. 1996, the world nunchaku association (WNA) was finally established, and 12 countries all over the world joined the organization.

Note: My English level is very limited, and there are many technical terms in the article, so the translation may not be accurate. The translation is basically based on the original text, which is a bit stiff, so I smiled.

Second, China said.

The following is an article by Ma Mingda, which I think is well founded.

From "flail stick" to "two-section stick" When I was a child, flail stick was once a common instrument in martial arts, but now it is gone, and it has long since disappeared from the formal "competitive martial arts". I remember in the early 1980s, in an amateur martial arts performance in Lanzhou, Mingxian Li, a farmer from Yongdeng County, practiced a set of flail sticks. It was already a very rare instrument at that time. Li Lian practiced flail with long handle, and his skill was good. The flail jingled and shattered, which attracted people's attention. At that time, someone asked me who was hosting the performance: "Isn't the flail a farm tool? How did it become a martial arts instrument? " In order to answer this question, I once wrote a short article in Gansu Daily, briefly introducing the history of flail and telling readers that many ancient weapons were transformed from farm tools, and flail sticks are typical of this kind of weapons. After decades of official regulations that martial arts unify Wulin, many precious contents of traditional martial arts have gradually disappeared. Although I can still see some occasionally, it is inevitably out of shape and becomes a "dance". Not long ago, I asked a friend who was familiar with northwest folk martial arts, and asked if there was any flail training in Gansu rural areas where martial arts were very prosperous. I don't know. I haven't seen you for years. In fact, the flail stick is a kind of martial arts equipment with a long history and rich cultural connotation, which is not only worth preserving, but also worth further study.

Scholars in the Southern Song Dynasty paid attention to it, while scholars in the Qing Dynasty paid attention to it, and we provided some recourse ways. As an agricultural tool for threshing wheat, flail appeared very early in China, at least in the Spring and Autumn Period. Guan Zhong said to Qi Huangong in the sixth volume of Mandarin Chyi Yu: "Let the husband and wife farmers gather in the state and watch the four seasons, and have the right to save their use, thunder, squat and squat." Zhao Wei's "Notes on the Three Kingdoms" said: "The cangue is also brushed, so the grass is also beaten." "Han Shu" Volume 100 "Biography of Wang Mang" says: "It is carried in the west and carried in the north." The Stone Drum Notes of the Tang Dynasty said: "When I heard the Buddha, the person in charge of grain was also called Jia Lian." This shows that the name "Jia Lian" appeared before the Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, this kind of farm tool was used by military strategists as a weapon to defend the city. Du You once mentioned his role in guarding the city in Tongdian (volume 152) and Wu Bing's Law of Refusal: "Flail, like a grain flail, hits the enemy outside the women's wall." These simple words tell us that the flail as a weapon is not directly taken from farm tools, but is specially made and looks like a flail, but it must be heavier and stronger than the farmer's flail, otherwise it will not have enough lethality.

Song Dynasty was a dynasty that used flail in popularity. Flail was not only used to defend cities, but also became a very important weapon on horseback. Let's talk about guarding the city first. Previously on guarding the city by Wu Yao says: "If more and more people board the ship, you will be beaten with a spike;" When your hand climbs the city, hit it with a flail stick. " At the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, stereotyped writing wrote a book "Guarding the City" based on its own personal experience. In the third volume, Defending De 'an Palace, he wrote: "The people in the city refused to retreat with bricks and stones, even with sticks, spears and crossbows." "Flail stick" should be a synonym for "flail stick". From the above two examples, it is not difficult to see that the Song Dynasty used flail to defend the city, which was inherited from the Tang Dynasty. Its main function is to deal with enemy soldiers who have climbed the city head-using the structural characteristics of flail to attack the hands and heads of enemies exposed under the crib.

The flail used by cavalry belongs to short soldiers, and some are made of iron. As the Southern Song people carefully said, "It is also beneficial to use iron as a short soldier." Some are made of wood, covered with iron, or with iron hoops. The General Outline of the Martial Classics has its schema, and there is also a paragraph that says: "The iron chain clamps the stick, which originated from Xirong and is ready to use. The infantry of the enemy Han is like the flail of a farmer beating wheat, decorated with iron, which is conducive to hitting it from above, so the Han soldiers make good use of it. " The so-called "Xirong" should refer to Xixia, which was confronted with the Northern Song Dynasty for a long time. Since the end of the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, ethnic minorities in the north and northwest, such as Khitan, Nuzhen and Xixia, have used iron weapons, such as iron whip, iron sword and iron cone, in addition to iron chains and bars. This is of course related to the fact that ethnic minorities are good at riding and fighting. It is a technical advantage for ethnic minorities to make full use of the impact of galloping horses and exert superb riding skills to attack the Han army wearing high-quality armor with heavy weapons, especially "attacking infantry from above". That's why the famous joke "Jin Guo hits the stick, China has the crown" appeared in the early Southern Song Dynasty. Song Jun, which has been struggling with ethnic minorities for a long time, cannot but notice each other's advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, it is a remarkable feature of military equipment in the Song Dynasty to vigorously develop cavalry and adopt weapons that can be hit immediately. The application of the theory of "iron chain clamping rod" to "Xirong" is a good example. Flail, a weapon used by the Han people to defend the city, was transformed and utilized by ethnic minorities, then spread to the land of the Han people and adopted by the Central Plains Dynasty. In addition, the spread process of Han soldiers' good use of weapons vividly reflects that multi-ethnic cultural exchanges played a very important role in the formation and development of China's ancient martial arts system.

Wu Yao is an official military classic in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the weapons contained in it are the basic equipment of the Northern Song army. It can be seen that the chain tongs are also one of the conventional weapons in the Song army. The ancient military weapons were generally produced and managed by the government, with certain production standards and strict systems. In the first year of Li Qing in the Northern Song Dynasty (104 1), Han Qi, a famous soldier, formulated various weight specifications and martial arts assessment methods, which stipulated that "iron whip, iron bamboo slips, sticks, double swords, axes and flail should be used in the same way, and each two * * * weighs as much as 10 kilograms, but the truly strong one should be taken." The cangue immediately, like iron whip and Tiejian, should be single and double, which is not reflected in General Theory of Jason Wu, but it can be inferred from Shuang Bian, Shuangjian and Shuangjian, which are common in Song Dynasty, and can also be confirmed from the double cangue stick in Qing Dynasty. Two flail systems weigh ten Jin, and one treaty weighs five Jin. The weight standard in Song Dynasty was slightly higher than that in modern times, and five catties was about six catties now. It should be said that this weight is very moderate. Although the weapons used by some people with superior brawn greatly exceed this weight standard, this is a very rare phenomenon and not universal.