I am currently using an E5450 and I would like to ask for advice on how to overclock it. Please explain it in detail, or find me a tutorial online. Why does mine only have four cores at 2.0HZ?

Overclocking is very simple, but that is based on you having sufficient basic knowledge about computers. No tutorial on overclocking is suitable for you. Because you don't understand why your E5450 only has four cores 2.0Ghz. If you want to overclock, what you need to do now is to understand some basic knowledge of CPU and motherboard in advance.

First, let’s talk about why your E5450 only has four cores of 2.0Ghz. The frequency of E5450 is 3Ghz. This is what we are talking about. The highest frequency when the CPU is working at full speed. When the CPU is idle, the motherboard will lower the CPU frequency to save power. This is why the CPU frequency you see is only 2Ghz.

Let’s talk about overclocking, overclocking The word frequency actually refers to two meanings. One refers to the multiplier, and the other is the external frequency. For your E5450, the external frequency is 333Mhz and the multiplier is 6~9.

FSB Work)

The CPU will automatically switch between 6x and 9x according to the needs of the computer. The minimum switching unit is 0.5x.

6.0, 6.5.. ... 8.5, 9.0.

You should understand two things here. First, what is the concept of your CPU working at 2Ghz? Second, how does the frequency of the CPU come from. Then go further According to the formula (FSB It is better to give up overclocking. If there is no problem, then continue.

1. Overclocking. Overclocking is a very simple way. But the manufacturer (Intel) has also discovered this problem long ago. Intel is your How much performance will you spend? And declare that we will not be responsible for CPU burnout caused by overclocking. Then limit the maximum multiplier (lock the multiplier). Of course, if you pay more, he can not lock it, and he knows money but not people. Children are not deceived. For example, X9650 is the LGA775 version of your CPU that does not lock the multiplier. Its multiplier is 6-31, which can be exceeded as long as your heat dissipation can handle it! Ideally, you can think about 333Mhz x 31 = 10323Mhz, that’s right 10Ghz!! Of course, that was just a dream. If I remember correctly, the overclocking world record for X9650 is 5Ghz (liquid nitrogen cooling).

2. Super FSB. This is very complicated, and it affects the whole body! !Here we must introduce another noun, FSB, which stands for Front Side Bus. This bus is responsible for data transfer between the central processor and the Northbridge chip (now called MCH).

In the early days, the FSB was equal to FSB. Now Intel's multi-core processors such as your E5450 have 4 cores per clock cycle and can execute 4 instructions, so your CPU's FSB = FSB x number of cores = 333Mhz x 4 = 1332 ≈ 1333Mhz. And here I have to say that for AMD, the concept of FSB is HTT is the same. But AMD has 3 cores and 6 cores, and so on. Then imagine that your E5450 works at 333Mhz (external frequency) x 6 multiplier = 2Ghz Will the system have the same performance as 200Mhz (external frequency) x 10 (multiplier) = 2Ghz? The answer is no. When 200Mhz (external frequency) x 10 (multiplier) = 2Ghz, the system performance will become slower. Note that we are talking about the system, not the CPU. If we only discuss the CPU, the number of instructions that can be executed in the above two cases is the same in the same time. It can be said that the CPU performance is the same. But the system is not. Because when the FSB is working At 200Mhz, the FSB connected to the CPU and the memory and PCI devices connected to it need to match. You can refer to the gear system. The connected gears are mutually restricted and matched. If you change the speed of one gear, the other wheels will change accordingly. .If other things remain unchanged, there is only one result, that is, the system crashes. This has answered why the performance of the entire system will slow down after reducing the FSB. The main factor here is memory! As I said before, FSB It is the connection between system and CPU communication. So increasing the FSB effectively overclocks the rest of the system. The component most affected by increasing FSB is RAM. Lowering FSB is vice versa. Before you start overclocking, you should know that moving the FSB needs to be adjusted together with the working status of the memory. Otherwise, either the CPU flat rate display will increase the number. It looks good, or it just causes the system to crash unnecessarily. Let’s talk about the memory next. The working state of the memory is set by the manufacturer. For example:

DDR2

PC3200-DDR400

PC6400-DDR800

DDR3

PC10664-DDR1333

PC12800-DDR1600

What to know For this, you must first understand how memory works. Haha, if you haven't crashed yet and are still thinking about overclocking, then please continue reading.

The important thing to know about memory is that the frequency it runs at is much lower than the CPU speed. Today, most memory runs at speeds between 333MHz and 800MHz. This is because memory manufacturers followed the lead of CPU manufacturers and managed to have the memory send twice as much information per memory clock cycle. The origin of the name DDR. It stands for DoubleDataRate (twice the data speed). So DDR1333 means the RAM is running at an effective speed of 667MHz, and the 1333 in DDR1333 represents the clock speed. Because it sends instructions twice per clock cycle, that means its real operating frequency is 667MHz. This is very similar to AMD's "dual-core" FSB. So back to memory. The speed of DDR PC-10664 has been listed before. PC-10664 is equivalent to DDR1333, which means PC-10664's memory has an effective speed of 1333MHz and a potential clock speed of 667MHz. As I said before, when you increase the FSB, you effectively overclock everything else in the system. This also includes memory. Memory rated for PC-10664 (DDR1333) runs at a maximum speed of 667MHz. This is enough for a non-overclocked E5450, since the FSB won't exceed 1333MHz anyway. But when you want to increase the FSB to a speed exceeding 1333MHz, problems arise.

Because the RAM is only rated to run at a maximum speed of 1333MHz, raising the FSB above 1333MHz may cause the system to crash. How to solve it? There are three solutions: one, use the FSB:RAM ratio, two, overclock the RAM. Three, is to buy memory rated at a higher speed. Since you probably only understand the last of the three options, let me explain them:

FSB:RAM ratio: If you want to increase the FSB to a higher speed than the memory can support, you can choose Let the memory run at a slower speed than the FSB. This is done using the FSB:RAM ratio. Basically, the FSB:RAM ratio allows you to choose a number to establish a ratio between FSB and RAM speed. Let's assume you're using PC-10664 (DDR1333) memory, which I mentioned earlier runs at 667MHz. But you want to increase the FSB to 1600MHz to overclock the CPU FSB. It is obvious that the memory will not support the increased FSB speed and will most likely cause the system to crash.

There are two ways to use the motherboard to control memory operating parameters on the Intel platform: First, the automatic control function of the motherboard: In fact, the memory selected according to the memory synchronization requirements can be used normally. However, there are exceptions. For example: Sometimes, according to calculation results, DDR2-800 memory should be used to synchronize, but you do not have DDR2-800 on hand, only DDR2-667 memory, and installed it. What to do? It depends on the control of the motherboard. As long as you do not select "Manual" in the "MemClock Mode" in the BIOS, nor change the default setting "Auto" in the "System Memory Multiplier" item, the motherboard will automatically reduce the clock frequency added to the memory based on the SPD data on the memory module. to 333MHz so that the frequency of DDR2-667 memory is not overloaded. At this time, the "FSB:DRAM" of CPU-Z is "1:1.66" instead of "1:2". After this adjustment, the speed is reduced and the memory bandwidth is also smaller, but it can run normally.

Also, if the memory required for memory synchronization is DDR2-800, but you install or configure DDR2-1066 memory, the motherboard will also treat the frequency added to the memory as DDR2-800. CPU-Z still displays "FSB:DRAM" as "1:2" and does not display "1:2.66". However, if you overclock the memory to 1066MHz, CPU-Z will display "1:2.66". 2. Manual motherboard control method: If you want to manually set the memory yourself, it is also possible. The method is: select "Manual" in the "Set Memory Clock" item of the BIOS; or do not select "Auto" in the "System Memory Multiplier" item, but select the memory you actually installed on the memory slot and set the It will succeed. Of course, it still needs to be supported by the motherboard, that is, if there is such a setting item on the motherboard. There are several ways to set options manually. Some are directly represented by the name of the memory chip (such as ASUS's P5E3 WS motherboard, which is directly represented by DDR3-1333); some are represented by numbers (such as Gigabyte GA-P31-S3G motherboard, which is represented by 3.33 or 4.0. 3.33 represents DDR2 -667 memory); of course, some motherboards are expressed by the ratio of FSB:DRAM. However, this solution is not ideal. Running the FSB and memory at a ratio results in a time lag between FSB and memory communications. This causes slowdowns that would not occur if the memory and FSB were running at the same speed. If you want to get the maximum speed from your system, using the FSB:RAM ratio is not the best solution.

Then there are the following methods for overclocking memory. There are two types of memory overclocking. One is to adjust the main frequency and voltage of the memory to achieve the overclocking effect when the motherboard BIOS supports it. The other is that the motherboard and memory themselves cannot support high speeds. Frequency needs to be achieved by modifying the SPD information of the memory and forcing it to work at a high frequency. This method is not recommended. This method is only suitable for research purposes and may be very unstable in practical applications. When it comes to memory overclocking, just look at other people’s opinions. There are too many things to cover, and each motherboard will be different. In fact, the simplest third option is recommended, which is to buy memory with a higher frequency.

Reply Go to the CPU, assuming that the problem of memory and FSB target frequency has been solved here. Your CPU FSB is to exceed 400Mhz and then match the FSB 1600Mhz memory DDR3 1600 PC12800.

Assuming the above is true, then press Intel to Your multiplier of 6-9, at this time, the working frequency range of your CPU is 2.4Ghz~3.6Ghz, which means that the CPU has been exceeded to 3.6Ghz. The memory is improved together, so the overall performance is improved together. Now Ma'er It runs faster, right? Then the consumption must also increase? The answer is no. It depends on the constitution of the CPU. So when does it need to increase the voltage? There is a peak when overclocking, no matter how you do it or how much you have Good cooling can no longer increase the speed of the CPU. This is most likely because the CPU is not getting enough voltage. It is very similar to the memory voltage situation mentioned earlier. In order to solve this problem, just increase the CPU voltage, which is vcore. Once you have enough voltage to make the CPU stable, you can either keep the CPU at that speed or try to overclock it further. Be careful not to overload the CPU voltage. Each processor has a manufacturer-recommended voltage setting. Find them on the website. Try not to exceed the recommended voltage.

When adding voltage, increase the voltage by the smallest unit each time. Save, enter the system, and then run the system stability test. If all pass, it means that the voltage is suitable. The stable voltage of each CPU is different. This is the so-called constitution. Some CPUs are not in good condition and cannot run stably even if the voltage reaches the upper limit given by the manufacturer. Then maybe the CPU is in poor condition.

I have not given any direct settings here. and operation methods are just to provide you with principles and ideas. This is because there is no article that can tell you how much voltage and memory ratio to set for your CPU. Because there are no two CPUs with the same constitution in the world, you You may have heard of the terms "Diao" and "Thunder" of CPU, and "Diao" period. Maybe a certain batch of CPUs from a certain production area have similar physical properties, and their overclocking performance is very good. This period is called the "Diao period". This batch of CPUs It's called Diao U, otherwise it's Thunder! As for whether it's a Diao or Thunder, it all depends on luck. Don't completely believe in the setting parameters given by others, such as voltage, FSB, and multiplier. Those are just his experiences based on his CPU. As mentioned above, maybe your CPU has a similar constitution and can be stable according to its settings, but what if it doesn’t work? Let me tell you that overclocking is not a technical job, it is a physical job! Especially the overclocking, which means various different voltages, countless times Restart and toss until it stabilizes or declare this U to be a big thunder!

I don’t know how much you understand, but no matter what, I believe that someone who didn’t understand why the E5450 showed 2Ghz just looked at it without testing. I understand. I can even tell you that not everyone who has overclocked the E5450 to a stable level understands this. But a person who completely understands how the above CPU and memory work in harmony can do it on any computer as long as he is willing to toss it. Overclocking. If you have enough time, I hope you can figure it out. The above mentioned are all based on the Intel Core2 series. AMD CPUs are different. The early Intel CPUs are also different. The current I3 I5 I7 are different. But the basic theory is Same.

But no matter what overclocking, please pay attention. When the CPU voltage is increased, it will cause the CPU to generate a lot of heat. This is why overclocking must have good heat dissipation.

Now again Let’s talk about the performance parameters of your E5450. Go directly to Intel’s official website to view /products/33083/Intel-Xeon-Processor-E5450-12M-Cache-3_00-GHz-1333-MHz-FSB

This CPU is Intel XEON series. The CPU interface on the server is LGA771. I think you will not use the LGA771 motherboard of the server. Because the server motherboard generally cannot be inserted into an ordinary ATX chassis. Instead, it is the ordinary civilian LGA775 G41 G43. One of the three series of P45. To be honest, this CPU is foreign garbage. It claims to have the performance of I5. I can tell you responsibly that it is pure nonsense. First of all, this CPU cannot be directly placed on a consumer motherboard. There are two ways to use it. 1. Cut off the pins of the motherboard CPU interface, which is a technical job! 2. Use a transfer sticker

In addition, add the CPU of the motherboard BIOS. Microcode, so that the LGA771 is grafted onto the civilian LGA771. Of course, this is only usable. As for the performance, it is a joke. Because this CPU only sells for 300 yuan. And most of the G41 G43 P45 use DDR2 667 and DDR2 800 memory, and you now know that the FSB of this CPU is 333Mhz, the corresponding FSB is 1333Mhz, and the memory required is DDR3 1333. The memory frequency is nearly half as slow. Do you think it will have a performance close to that of I5? Of course you are You can use P45 or X48 motherboards. Some of these motherboard models use DDR3 memory. As for the performance, it is completely equivalent to X9650 with X48 motherboard DDR3 1333.

The performance of this configuration is only between I3 and I5. Note that it is the first generation I3 I5. It is now being updated to the fifth generation.

If you understand the theories about overclocking I mentioned, You will understand how you want to overclock. According to overclocking theory, your multiplier is locked and you can only consider the FSB. Your current FSB is 333Mhz and FSB 1333Mhz. How do you overclock? There is only one way, which is to increase the FSB to 400Mhz. FSB 1600Mhz. Now comes the problem, memory!! You can only use DDR2 memory 800MHZ but do you need DDR3 1600Mhz to meet the needs of this CPU after overclocking? It can’t be satisfied, right, Ddr2 DDR3 is incompatible.

So what is the point of your overclocking? It is what I said at the beginning that the system performance cannot be improved, and the substitute is only the CPU. Does this make sense? If you are just doing mathematical operations, then no problem. But if it involves memory reading and writing Function will inevitably be restricted by the memory bottleneck at this time. In other words, even if you overclock successfully, the performance can be improved very little, and you still need to pay more electricity and cooling costs after overclocking. I don’t know if you are You can agree with my evaluation of this CPU foreign garbage.

Let’s talk about the overclocking situation of this CPU

/p/2610576942

E5450 EO step Enter the motherboard: In addition to changing the FSB and CPU voltage manually to 1.15V, the ASUS P5Q BIOS is fully automatic. The first picture is the no-load voltage 1.136V and the temperature is 37 degrees. The second picture is the oven voltage jumping between 1.144-1.152 and the temperature jumping between 59-63. . Radiator: The rubbish 40 yuan Red Sea MINI Super 4.0G 450*9, the voltage is 1.27V, the standby temperature is 52 degrees, and the full load is 90 degrees. If the BIOS does not turn off the overheat protection, it will directly reduce the frequency. The measured data is not as high as 3.6G. After exceeding 4.G, AIDA64 shows that the CPU power consumption reaches 90W at full load, while the power consumption at 3.6G is only about 50W. It seems that the most cost-effective use of E5450 is over 3.6G.

The above mentioned is 400Mhz FSB 1600Mhz. Using DDR2 800 memory, the benchmark score is good. When playing online games, the card is still the card. In exchange, it only consumes huge heat from the CPU and Northbridge and more electricity bills. This is the conclusion. Are you still insisting on overclocking the E5450? My suggestion is that you can play with it and then lower it back to the default frequency. You get what you pay for, and it’s good to go off the beaten track.