What techniques does China have to choke the world?

Airbus and GM once spent a lot of money to buy a technology in China, but the inventor directly refused, bluntly saying, "This money is nothing compared with the interests of our country and nation."

Later, this technology was directly listed in the export technology catalogue of China's prohibited export construction and became the "foreign neck" technology. They can't buy our equipment, they can only cooperate with us.

Forging and Milling Integrated 3D Printing NC Machine Tool Technology

Machine tool is a machine that measures the industrial level of a country and is called "the mother of industry".

Nowadays, passenger planes, fighter planes and spaceships flying in the sky, aircraft carriers and submarines in the water, cars, tanks, trains and high-speed trains on the road are all inseparable from machine tools.

Machine tools are related to too many industries, such as ships, railways, military industry and factories. The rapid development of China's industry cannot be separated from machine tools, and now German machine tools are the most famous.

China is the largest consumer of machine tool industry, but most machine tools are imported, mainly because of backward technology.

China wants to buy some high-end CNC machine tools, key equipment and control systems or uses from European and American countries, which must be clearly filled out, and some of them are not even sold.

In order to break this situation, in 2009, the state put forward the project "High-grade CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment", with the aim of accelerating China's breakthrough in the field of high-grade CNC machine tools and even becoming a leader.

Zhang Haiou team from School of Mechanical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology is the most successful in this project. Their team developed the world's first 3D printing CNC machine tool with independent intellectual property rights, and realized the synchronization of casting and forging process for the first time.

Compared with ordinary machine tools, the CNC machine tools developed by Professor Zhang's team have a very short cycle because casting, forging and milling are carried out at the same time.

Before Professor Zhang's intelligent CNC machine tools were developed, most high-end machine tools in the world could not be integrated or integrated, and the process was too complicated.

Moreover, in 3D printing technology, metal parts have not been forged or milled, and the fatigue resistance of metal is seriously insufficient. The integrated machine tool developed by Professor Zhang has solved this problem, and this innovation has attracted the attention of the whole world.

Airbus in Europe and General Motors in the United States both wanted to buy this kind of equipment, but considering the interests of the country and the nation, Professor Zhang directly refused.

Later, the Ministry of Commerce and the Ministry of Science and Technology adjusted and published the Catalogue of Prohibited Export of Building Technologies in China, and this invention was included in the Catalogue of Prohibited Export Technologies. Foreign countries can only cooperate with us and cannot buy our equipment.

Is it very much like the precision mask aligner now, where we can only buy chips developed by them, but we can't buy mask aligner?

As an application unit, AVIC Aircraft Co., Ltd. commented in the acceptance report: "Using the new technology of micro-casting and forging rapid manufacturing of metal parts by Professor Shan Haiou of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, the aircraft composite mold was successfully developed at one time, which overcame the bottleneck problems of air tightness, complexity, large mold manufacturing scale, low yield and long cycle, and shortened the manufacturing cycle 1/2 ~ 1/3".

In recent years, the team successfully printed high-end equipment components such as high-temperature alloy casing, aluminum alloy casing and titanium alloy impeller of large aircraft aero-engines, which enhanced the trust of related fields in domestic CNC composite manufacturing equipment and promoted the leap-forward development of independent research and development of large advanced aircraft engines in China.

Quantum communication technology

Quantum communication technology may be unknown to many people, and they don't know what it is. Simply put, it is quantum secure communication generated by quantum superposition, which is a means of communication encryption.

Now that the world has entered the information age, personal information security and national information security have become the top priority. When many of us download software, many rogue software secretly opens permissions, maybe we locate and address book.

The rapid development of our quantum communication has to start with a top secret plan in the United States.

In 2007, the United States launched a top secret program, which we later heard was "Project Prism". At first, they classified the plan as top secret, and before it was exposed, other government departments in the United States did not know its existence.

"Project Prism" is a monitoring plan led by the US Security Agency. They collect everyone's information through a series of means such as TV, radio, mobile phone and internet. Every phone call, website we visit and information we send are monitored.

The plan was exposed by an American security guard. This person is Snowden. Snowden started as a security guard. Once, he worked the night shift and wanted to use the company's computer to relieve boredom when he was bored, but the company's computer didn't have a network, so he used the knowledge he had learned in the online course before to steal network signals from other places and connect them to his computer.

This network signal comes from the National Security Agency. The network signal of the National Security Agency is encrypted, which can't be solved by ordinary hackers, but it is solved by a security guard, which makes the National Security Agency extremely embarrassed.

Later, the US Security Agency found Snowden and asked him to work in an outsourcing company of the Security Agency. Later, Snowden became a technician to maintain CIA network security through his own efforts and wisdom.

During his time as a technician, he took part in many actions, plus organizational trust and many internal trainings. In 2009, he was transferred to the National Security Bureau to maintain the network. The National Security Bureau also highly valued him and let him participate in many product development and maintenance work.

In 20 13, he took over a new job of tracking hackers and helped the police catch criminals' hackers, while Snowden tracked many hackers through his own technology.

He was affirmed by his superiors and soon became the top leader. I'm not so busy after my promotion. When I'm bored, I look at the countryside.

Because there are videos of people and officials in many documents, not only in the United States, but also in other countries, he found that the United States is monitoring the world.

Snowden's motherland, which was determined to serve since childhood, has now become a country that wantonly invades privacy, so he decided to give up his high salary. May 20 13, he secretly exposed his "prism project".

The whole world criticized the behavior of the United States, but the United States explained that they did it to avoid the recurrence of events like 9 1 1 and to protect the livelihood and safety of the American people.

The United States declared Snowden a traitor and arrested him. Snowden went to Hongkong, China and applied for asylum in many countries. But many countries are afraid of American retaliation, but one country is not afraid, and that is Russia, America's old rival.

Russia agreed to Snowden's asylum request and brought him back to Russia. On June 22, 2020 10, Snowden was granted permanent residency in Russia.

Snowden is a traitor to the United States, but to the whole world, he is a steel hero.

With the exposure of the "Prism Project", experts in grain communication technology in China have realized that the national information security is under great threat, and the communication encryption technology in China must be more developed.

On August 20 16, China successfully launched the world's first experimental satellite of quantum communication technology and named it "Mozi".

The successful launch of Mozi established the title of the first quantum communication technology in China.

2065438+On September 29th, 2006, the world's first quantum encrypted video call was held in Beijing and Vienna, which indicated that China had made great achievements and breakthroughs in the field of quantum communication encryption.

In 20 17, China successfully opened the world's first 2,000-kilometer quantum encryption communication trunk line-Beijing-Shanghai trunk line, which indicates that information in military, financial and financial fields in China can be transmitted safely.

Ultra-high voltage transmission technology

The most advanced transmission technology in the world is UHV, and China is the only country in the world that has mastered UHV technology. In the world of UHV, China standard is the only standard in the world.

The southwest and northwest regions of China have two-thirds of the country's exploitable water resources, and Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and other provinces have two-thirds of the country's proven coal resources. However, China's power load center is located in the eastern coastal areas, and the distribution of productivity and resources is very uneven. It needs large-scale long-distance and efficient power resource transmission to solve the growing demand for electricity in the southeast.

UHV transmission refers to AC power above 65,438+0,000 kV or DC power above 800 kV. China completed the world's first commercial UHV AC transmission project. At the same time, DC power transmission and transformation projects with the highest voltage level, the largest transmission capacity and the longest transmission distance in the world all come from China.

We build the UHV power grid to realize long distance, large capacity and low loss transmission. By the end of 2020, China has successfully delivered 30 "14+16" UHV projects, with inter-provincial and inter-regional transmission capacity of1400,000 kilowatts, and the cumulative transmission capacity exceeds 2.5 trillion kwh. In addition, five UHV projects are under construction.

In 20 14, State Grid Corporation of China successfully won the bid for the beautiful landscape UHV transmission project in Brazil, and completed all the project construction in 20 19. This is the longest power trunk line with the largest transmission capacity in Brazil, which spans more than 2,000 kilometers and can meet the power demand of 22 million people. It is called the main artery of Brazil's economic development.

Over the years, we have also carried out interconnected high-voltage technical cooperation projects with Kazakhstan, Russia, Mongolia, Pakistan and other countries, realizing the export of UHV power transmission and transformation technology, equipment, engineering contracting and the whole industrial chain in China, creating an economic effect of more than 35 billion US dollars.

Is the gantry crane, which occupies the global market, a technology that blocks the neck?

First, the influence of gantry crane in the world

On March 29th, 2003, 1, 20 13, former US President Barack Obama delivered a speech on the theme of "Revitalizing American manufacturing" in Miami Harbor, emphasizing that American manufacturing ranks first in the world, but suddenly a gust of wind made a joke.

At that time, the United States hung an American flag on a heavy crane, which just covered the Chinese character "Zhenhua", but the wind was a bit strong, and the word "Zhenhua" appeared on the stage, which made Obama extremely embarrassed. Finally, the speech became "Shocked, Made in America".

Zhenhua is a leading manufacturer of gantry cranes in China. Obama's speech on American manufacturing turned into a "Zhenhua" promotion.

2. The Queen Elizabeth, the largest aircraft carrier in Britain, can only be manufactured by buying gantry cranes from China at a high price.

At the beginning, Russian Polo Manufacturing Shipyard won the manufacturing order of 1 1 civil transport ship, valued at 40.8 billion yuan. Russia bought gantry cranes from China Red Star Shipyard overnight, otherwise it could not complete the manufacturing.

The American Zumwalt class destroyer DDG- 1000 also bought a gantry crane from Zhenhua, China.

According to British media statistics, in the past 65,438+00 years, the order volume of Zhenhua large container cranes has been ranked first among peers in the world. In the gantry crane market of large shipyards in the world, 80% of the market is in the hands of China Zhenhua Heavy Industry. There are Zhenhua container cranes where there are container terminals in the world, and gantry cranes in China have formed a monopoly situation.

3. The whole world knows the quality of the gantry crane in China, but India is more resistant and jealous of China products, so it went to the former "old father" Britain and bought a second-hand gantry crane, but it was finally found to be "made in China", so it was not used directly.

Then I bought a 250-ton gantry crane from Japan instead, but the gantry crane collapsed during use, and the frigate under construction directly next to it also broke down.

2. What are the advanced technologies of gantry crane?

Gantry crane is a kind of bridge crane. Its main function is to install hundreds of tons of parts on another part and then weld it.

The structure of gantry crane is composed of main beam, steel legs, flexible legs, trolley and walking mechanism. The steel frame is erected after welding, and there is a control motor on the main beam. Just put a hook under the rope.

At present, the largest gantry crane in the world is Hon Hai, which is a product independently developed by China and has independent intellectual property rights. This gantry crane is148m high and can lift 22,000 tons. What concept? It is equivalent to the weight of almost 400 high-speed rail cars.

The core components of gantry crane include PLC, frequency converter and motor. These machines have been strengthened with foreign technologies, such as PLC technology, and the United States developed a logic programming controller in the 1970s.

Both Huichuan Technology and Infineon in China can produce PLC, but there is still a gap with Siemens abroad. Siemens and BBA are more advanced in the field of frequency converters, and Huichuan in China can do it, but there is still a gap.

Therefore, China gantry crane occupies a very strong market, but the technology of core components is not worse than ours abroad, even much better than ours, so why do they buy from us instead of making them themselves?

Why gantry crane technology is not difficult? Europe and America don't make it themselves, but buy it from us?

First of all, China is an "infrastructure madman".

China gantry crane can occupy the market mainly because of our domestic market. China has the largest number of ports, the largest shipbuilding base and the largest offshore drilling platform in the world, and the implementation of these projects requires a large number of gantry cranes.

And these big orders, let China gantry crane technology constantly improve, and constantly introduce more excellent gantry cranes.

Speaking of infrastructure, that country can compare with us! China builds bridges, high-speed trains and motor trains, which country can compare with us.

With the continuous improvement of China's economic level and better import and export trade, ports will naturally purchase more and more gantry cranes.

In recent years, our military factory has developed very well. There are already three aircraft carriers in China, and there are so many eggs in 1-5 class ships, so there are naturally many orders for gantry cranes.

Second, the rate of return is low.

Other countries can also produce it, but because the demand is not as high as that in China and the rate of return is too low, we spent a lot of money and energy to develop and produce a giant gantry crane, which didn't work for several times and finally closed down.

Because of our strong domestic market, our products can be continuously upgraded, and the cheaper the price, the monopoly will be formed.

Europe and America are better than us in electronic core, but we have more advantages in materials and welding. The manufacturing cycle of large gantry crane is long and the rate of return is low. It is better to buy or rent directly.

Third, products and services are better.

As long as the industrial base is not bad, it is not difficult for the country to manufacture gantry cranes. If advanced countries want to manufacture gantry cranes, their products may be superior to ours, but the utilization rate is too low.

And our domestic manufacturers, because there are a large number of orders, can quickly solve the problems encountered in the process of processing and assembly. This is experience.

Moreover, China gantry crane almost monopolizes the market, and the products are more mature, more reliable and cheaper, and the later product maintenance is better. If you don't buy from China, can you imitate Indian? The result is obvious.

In which areas is China the most "stuck"

First of all, RF equipment

Radio frequency devices are necessary for mobile phones to realize communication functions, but we can't independently manufacture high-end radio frequency devices. Although our mobile phone industry is doing well, almost all domestic mobile phones have RF devices from abroad.

On the mobile phone motherboard, the space of 1/3 is the RF circuit, and the core part of the RF device is the RF chip. 4G mobile phones need 4-5 chips, but at present, China can only meet at least 2G to 3G chips, and the high-end chip market is completely monopolized by the United States. Sijiaxun, Weixun, Broadcom and Qualcomm have the largest market share.

The filter, another key component of RF devices, has a great gap at home and abroad. High-end filters for mobile phones, the multi-billion-dollar market, were completely eaten by the above four giants. China is the largest mobile phone producer in the world, but it can't make high-end mobile phone RF devices, which requires a lot of accumulation of materials, technology and design experience.

The performance of the chips they produce is very good. You can earn tens of billions every year by relying on the core technology of chip manufacturing. China pays tens of billions of patent fees and chip fees to these companies every year.

Before Huawei was sanctioned, mobile phones became the first choice for business people in China. However, after Huawei was sanctioned, there was no supply of RF components, and many new mobile phones did not have 5G. Recently, Huawei is preparing to release mate50 series mobile phones, which is painstaking for Apple's conference. But without the Kirin chip and the new 5G number, Huawei's sales will not be ideal, and the courage of men is worthwhile. Do other domestic mobile phone manufacturers have such courage?

Second, the mask aligner.

We already have atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs, intercontinental missiles, satellites, manned spacecraft, aircraft carriers and so on, but now in mask aligner, there is still a big gap with foreign countries.

Previously, mask aligner, which was made in China, was stuck in a 99nm process chip, which was equivalent to the Pentium IV CPU listed in 2004.

At present, the top chip in the world is the 5nm process technology, and even the 3nm process has been developed and designed.

Shanghai Microelectronics Company, the best domestic manufacturer, revealed that mask aligner, which produces 28nm and 14nm chips in China, has successfully made a breakthrough.

It is extremely difficult for our domestic mask aligner to go from 0- 1. After all, after World War II, we have to explore everything ourselves to achieve today's achievements, which is worthy of our affirmation.

Third, the operating system

At present, our mobile phones and Apple's operating system are basically monopolized by the United States. In 20 17, the market share of Android was as high as 85.9%, that of Apple's IOS was 14%, and that of other systems was only 0. 1%, basically Microsoft's windows and American Blackberry.

If Google didn't pave the way, smartphones wouldn't be so popular. If China mobile phone manufacturers use Android for free, they may be cut off at any time.

After Huawei was sanctioned, HarmonyOS System struggled to fight its way out. Once Huawei's products occupy the market, HarmonyOS system can become more and more powerful, which is the reason to support Huawei.

Summary:

In addition to the above, China has been overwhelmed by foreign countries in the fields of scanning electron microscope, epoxy resin, ultra-precision polishing process, medical imaging equipment components, photoresist, high-end bearing steel, high-end capacitance resistor, laser radar, heavy gas turbine, tactile sensor and so on.

Write to the end:

China does lead the world in bridge construction technology, shield machine technology, super steel and high-speed rail technology, but our leading position in this respect depends on the strength of the domestic market.

If technology is blocked and exports are restricted, western countries will spend some time and energy to create it.

Now we see more and more "Made in China", and we will see more "China R&D" in the future.

On the road of development, our starting point is much behind others, but we have been desperately on the road for decades. We have atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs, satellites, intercontinental missiles and so on.

In 2003, China's first manned spacecraft was launched. During the ascent stage of the rocket, there is a vibration. Yang Liwei suffered a weightless vibration for 26 seconds and almost went to heaven. No one told China before that the rocket launch would cause * * * vibration, which almost shattered Yang Liwei's internal organs.

Through this experience, the astronauts who followed us will never see this again. Nowadays, our manned spacecraft is more and more developed. Before Yang Liwei went to heaven, he felt that he was driving a tractor. Now he's in space and feels like he's driving a sports car. This is the development and strength of China.

If we buy domestic products, it may really improve our domestic technology, such as domestic cars and domestic mobile phones, and the effect is obvious, such as BYD and Huawei.