What is dopamine and what is its function?

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter, a chemical used to help cells transmit pulses. This brain secretion is related to people's lust and feelings, and it conveys information of excitement and happiness. In addition, dopamine is also related to various addictive behaviors.

In other words, without the participation of Doba, there would be no drunkards, addicts, gamblers, tea fairy, coffee gentlemen and other people in this world. Of course, without dopamine, there would be no beautiful love in this world, and people would lose the courage and strength to live without worldly desires. Dopamine has both positive and negative aspects.

function

1, learning and memory

It is generally believed that the dopamine system in the midbrain margin and the dopamine system in the midbrain cortex play a role in learning and memory. It has been reported that dopaminergic neurons in monkey A 10 region are involved in the transient changes of impulse activity during learning basic attention and motivation.

D 1 and D2 receptors can regulate the role of dopamine in learning and memory. Many experiments show that dopamine regulates the activity and working memory process of prefrontal cortex (PFC) neurons through D1-R. Compared with wild-type mice, D2 and D3-R gene-deficient mice have spatial memory defects related to delayed alternating operation, and the spatial learning ability of mutant mice pretreated with METH (m-trimethoprim) is not impaired, indicating that D2-R is through D1-R.

It is found that oral administration of D2-R agonist bromocriptine can improve the spatial learning and memory ability of healthy volunteers. However, oral administration of D2-R antagonists can impair spatial recognition and decrease it in a dose-dependent manner.

Step 2 exercise

Dopamine plays an important role in motor control. Parkinson's disease is caused by the severe decrease of dopamine caused by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. The application research of dopamine antagonists and agonists shows that dopamine receptors play an important role in motor control, such as forward, backward, rigidity, inspiration and grooming functions in rats. Usually agonists improve the motor function of dopamine, while antagonists have the opposite effect. It has been proved that D 1 and D2 receptor have mutual promotion in determining forward movement.

Stimulating D 1 receptor at the same time can make D2 receptor agonist produce the maximum motor stimulation. Behavioral analysis of mice with dopamine receptor (D 1-4) gene mutation can provide each motor subtype. Contrary to the pharmacological research results, compared with wild-type mice, the motor function of D 1-R mutant mice is not affected, which shows the complexity of interaction between different dopamine receptors in regulating autonomic movement.

D2-R knockout mice showed obvious dyskinesia, such as decreased movement, uncoordinated movement or inability to retreat. D3-R mutant mice showed hyperkinesia subtype, which was consistent with the pharmacological results of D3-R agonist or antagonist. The motor function of D4-R mutant mice was also affected.

Refer to the above? Baidu encyclopedia-dopamine