The integration of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan is a joke.

When it comes to the integration of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, the first issue to be discussed is the integration of administrative region economy and regional economy.

In the process of China's transition from planned economy to market economy, there is a transitional intermediate economic form, which is the "administrative economic form" with China characteristics. So far, we have not paid enough attention to and studied it. This is an economic form that has a great influence on urban-regional economic development, planning and construction management due to our administrative division system.

Professor Liu Junde, a regional economist, believes that the so-called "administrative region economy" refers to a special regional economic phenomenon caused by the rigid constraints of administrative divisions on regional economy, and it is a regional economic type that appears in the process of China's regional economy changing from vertical operation system to horizontal operation system. The typical manifestations of the phenomenon of "administrative region economy" can be summarized into five aspects: first, enterprises are permeated with the economic behavior of local governments in the competition; Second, the factors of production are blocked by local governments in the process of cross-administrative flow; Third, the isomorphism of industrial structure between administrative regions is very obvious, and the economic structure is in a stable state; Fourth, the economic center and the administrative center show a high degree of consistency; Fifth, the border economy of the administrative region has dried up.

Theoretically, within a country, if there is no division of local politics, the economic operation between different administrative regions will generally not be divided, but will be organized according to the law of regional economic integration or economic zone network. However, in China, due to the special historical and institutional background, the economic functions of administrative regions at all levels are very prominent, and the government's intervention in the economy is very serious. It is this behavior that makes the boundaries of administrative divisions as an "invisible wall", which has a rigid constraint on the horizontal connection of regional economy, and the cross-regional flow is seriously blocked, making integration difficult to achieve. It can be seen that administrative region economy is a concept corresponding to regional economic integration.

Therefore, to think about the integration of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, the first thing to be clear is the different meanings of the economic integration of this administrative region and the regional economy. The purpose of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan integration should be to move from administrative economic form to regional integrated economic form.

Although the industrial layout of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan shows that Changsha mainly focuses on electronic information, machinery and food, Zhuzhou mainly focuses on transportation equipment manufacturing, non-ferrous metallurgy, chemical raw materials and chemicals manufacturing and non-metallic mineral products manufacturing, and Xiangtan mainly focuses on ferrous metallurgy, chemical raw materials and chemicals manufacturing. According to the structural similarity coefficient recommended by UNIDO, the structural similarity coefficient of Changsha and Zhuzhou is 0.409, that of Changsha and Xiangtan is 0.248, and that of Zhuzhou and Xiangtan is 0.245. Generally speaking, the structural similarity is low.

However, although the similarity of industrial structure in the three cities of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan is not serious, their industrial relevance is not high, and they lack advantageous industrial clusters and large enterprise groups that are influential in the same industry in China. It is worth noting that Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan did not form a close industrial correlation in the development process, and the correlation effect before and after the industry was not strong. The characteristics of high-tech development zones are not obvious, lacking large leading enterprises, well-known high-tech technology brands and high-tech products with independent intellectual property rights.

Industrial cluster is the core strategy of regional competitiveness, which leads to the lack of industrial cluster in Hunan. There is no industrial cluster phenomenon in Hunan where a large number of enterprises producing similar or related products are relatively concentrated geographically, the competition among enterprises is fierce or the vertical division of labor is close, the production scale and market share of products are rapidly expanding, and the overall economic benefits of enterprises are good.

The district's economy has collapsed.

The three cities of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan have a zigzag structure in space, with a distance of 35 kilometers, which is unique in the form of urban agglomeration in China. Tan Kexiu, deputy director of Hunan Urban and Rural Planning Academic Committee and chief planner of Hunan Fiona Fang Architectural Engineering Design Office, is more optimistic about the development of Changsha-centered city circle. He believes that from the perspective of urban primacy, that is, the ratio of the population size of the first city to the second largest city in the urban system, and to some extent, the concentration of urban population in the first city in the urban system, Changsha's 90-minute traffic circle has included the main prefecture-level cities around Hunan, and it is currently one of the second-tier cities in China. More importantly, Changsha is a consumer city, with the largest proportion of the tertiary industry in the industrial structure and relatively reasonable industrial structure.

At present, the operation mode of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan integration is to break through the influence of the original administrative region economy on the industrial structure and cluster through the construction of urban agglomerations, or to realize industrialization through urbanization. According to the assumption of Hunan Development and Reform Commission, the economic integration of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan should form a growth pole in the central city circle and make a breakthrough in industrial agglomeration. During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan should strive to become an advanced manufacturing center and a modern service center in the central region. It has clearly demonstrated the future framework of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan as the manufacturing center of China. However, whether this regional economic integration promoted by administrative planning itself will become another larger administrative economic form needs further observation.

"Under the current system, it must be recognized that each administrative region has its own regional interests, and the influence of administrative divisions on regional cooperation is inevitable." Earlier, Zhou Bohua, governor of Hunan Province, pointed out.

The Hunan Provincial Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the People's Republic of China also raised similar issues in its latest research report "Some Problems and Suggestions in the Operation of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration". "The system is immobile, and the system cost of the flow of production factors between regions is very high. To a certain extent, the promotion of economic integration will stagnate or even reverse. "

Hunan Province has proposed that during the 11th Five-Year Plan period, the three cities of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan will strive for an average annual growth rate of industrial added value of about 18%, and the average annual GDP growth rate of the three cities is 2-3 percentage points higher than that of the whole province, accounting for 40% of the whole province. By the end of the 11th Five-Year Plan (i.e. 2065,438+00), the economic aggregate will surpass Wuhan and become the most competitive and potential regional growth pole in the central region. The key to achieve this goal lies in the integration of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan, and whether it can break the intermediate form of administrative region economy in the process of economic transformation in China.

There are many successful experiences in the world on how to plan a unified regional market through opening. For example, the San Francisco Bay Area Coalition Government is a regional organization with certain cross-border functions, which is subordinate to the state government and governs 102 municipal governments. The unified planning and construction of public works such as environmental planning and management, transportation, water conservancy, etc. were all fully coordinated with the city of 102 and implemented by this organization, which was very effective. Other cities in the United States and many cities in developed countries (Canada, Germany, France, Britain, Australia and Japan, etc. ) there is such a joint organization.

The integration of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan is undergoing such a practice. For example, the provincial party committee and the provincial government come forward to organize and coordinate the leading group to plan and implement the construction of public utilities such as unified water supply, unified gas supply, unified power supply, unified public transport system and unified sewage treatment in the three cities.

Professor Liu Siwei, director of the Institute of Economic Management of Hunan University of Commerce, stressed in an interview that the existing system of city governing counties in Hunan has many disadvantages, which are incompatible with the changes in the layout of productive forces and the development law of market economy, and restrict the development of some county economic advantages.

Therefore, the focus of the rise of central China is to open up the market to the outside world and reduce administrative transaction costs internally. This is a challenge for Hunan and an important experience for the whole country.

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Therefore, the integration of Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan is the promotion of economy and the development of industrialization. Then you don't need to go out to work. Integration has unified economic market, talents, logistics, finance and information, and reduced transaction costs. Integration does not really cancel these cities in administrative divisions, but realizes the coordinated development of the three cities at the greatest level. The provincial capital is still Changsha, and there will be no concept of a municipality directly under the central government for the time being. Aren't these cities divorced from the surrounding economy? Besides, the country doesn't need so many municipalities directly under the central government, there are four.