It will take some time for the history of the Five Dynasties ceramics to be clarified and the firewood kiln to surface.

Mashaben and Edition Bibliography

Masha is a place name, located in Jianyang area in northern Fujian. The local area is rich in banyan trees, the wood is soft and suitable for carving. Therefore, the book printing industry became popular in the Song Dynasty. However, due to the rough quality, typos often appear, misleading people and gradually losing market credibility. "Mashaben" became a wrong edition of books and periodicals, misleading children's allusions.

When learning ancient ceramics, it is easy to make the mistake of "Mashaben" if you don't know the edition bibliography. Recently, someone wrote an article about the relationship between Chai Kiln and Yaozhou Kiln, which is a typical example.

The earliest document that mentioned the origin of Chai Kiln was "On Ge Gu Yao" written by Cao Zhao in the 21st year of Hongwu (1388). However, the Hongwu block-printed edition is no longer available, and it was incomplete in the seventh year of Jingtai (1456). According to the old edition at that time, Wang Zuo supplemented and revised The Theory of Gegu, which lasted for four years and was only completed in the third year of Tianshun (1459). Published in the world, renamed "New Gegu Lun", volume number *** 13. When Wang Zuo revised Song Gu Lun, it was only 68 years since Cao Zhao wrote Song Gu Lun, and there was a version handed down from generation to generation. Wang Zuo's revision work was done seriously, and all the missing words were filled in, and the words "lack of original text" were also marked for those that could not be filled in and those that could not be determined. The content subscribed by Wang Zuoxin is also marked with "post-addition" and "new addition". It can be considered that Wang Zuo's book completely retains the original appearance of Cao Zhao's On Ge Gu Yao. The entry in the firewood kiln of New Gegu Yaolun is marked as "Leaving Zhengzhou, North Henan Province", but there is no word "added later" or "added", which shows that this entry exists in Cao Zhaoyuan's works.

The earliest extant edition of Gegu Yaolun is the edition of Yimen Guangbi in the 25th year of Wanli (1597), which was published by Cao Zhaoyuan, 209 years ago, and was 14 1 year when it was revised in Wang Zuo. Moreover, the engraving is inaccurate, and there are many false mistakes. It belongs to "Ma". When this engraving version describes the entry of the firewood kiln, it only describes the word "Chubei" for its place of origin. Those who discuss the relationship between Chai Kiln and Yaozhou Kiln are all quoted from the "Masha Edition" of Yimen Everbright, but they turn a blind eye to the updated edition with excellent proofreading and engraving. According to the comparison of existing editions, only people use the book Gegu Yaolun, which can only be based on the updated edition of Wang Zuo.

The author is not writing a paper to discuss the problem of firewood kiln, but only puts forward that learning should have the basic knowledge of edition bibliography and avoid detours, otherwise it will make a joke of "Mashaben" and make people laugh. By the way, there are still two books on firewood kiln research that can't be quoted, one is Xuande Ding Puyi and the other is Xuande Qi Yi Tu Pu. These two books are not only Mashaben, but also fake books carefully compiled by people in the late Ming or early Qing Dynasty. I don't know without looking. I was shocked when I looked at it. If I read the original carefully, I will know what is false.

Re-discussion on "Mashaben" and edition bibliography

After the publication of Mashaben and Edition Bibliography, someone asked me why the earliest document about the origin of firewood kiln was Gegu Yaolun. So-and-so experts are not quoting classics. Did Ouyang Xiu discuss wood kilns in Guitian Collection?

I wanted to remind many researchers from the side to avoid detours and embarrass anyone, but some common-sense mistakes, if not corrected, will inevitably lead to many misunderstandings.

Talking about the book "Returning to the Field". The collection of the Forbidden City Library is rich enough, but there is no Guitian collection in paperback. Among the ancient books on the Internet, only one book "Returning to the Field" written by A Qing Qiao Lai was found. The circulation is small and there is no publication date. The words "from Jiangsu Province" are written in red. If anyone can find Ouyang Xiu's Collection of Returning to the Field, it must be a very important discovery. Ouyang Xiu wrote a lot. Among his works, there is only one record of returning to the field, but there is no collection of returning to the field. This is well-known common sense in the field of literature and history. If I'm not mistaken, I may make the editing comrades or typesetting comrades mistake the word "record" for the word "collection". Ouyang Xiu's Return to the Field has only 15000 words, and * * Continue 1 15. Zhonghua Book Company published Proofreading Annotations in 65,438+098,654,38+0, and Comrade Li Weiguo carefully proofreaded it. In this excellent edition, we can't find Ouyang's introduction and porcelain. I don't know which book the quotation came from, so I had to copy the so-called literature of Chai Kiln as follows: "Chai Kiln is as colorful as the sky and as loud as a chime, which is rare in the world, and its fragments of gold ornaments are used as utensils. The Ru kiln in the Northern Song Dynasty is quite similar. At that time, Ruzhou kiln was set up, and the people dared not build it privately. There are very few now. Who saw the color of the firewood kiln, sunny and fruity. The kiln is similar to magnetism, and the official bureau is selfless. "

Anyone with a little knowledge of literary history and ceramic history can easily see the falsehood. 1. Ouyang Xiu's return to the field was written in 107 1. Ogun was 65 years old and died the next year. Ruyao was set up after Song Zhezong ascended the throne in 1086. Ouyang Xiu can't have seen Ru Guan Kiln porcelain. Second, if the level of poetry in this article was written by Ouyang Xiu, I'm afraid he won't be rated as a famous writer by later generations. Third, Ouyang Xiu is not a prophet. How did he know that Song Dynasty would be divided into Northern Song Dynasty and Southern Song Dynasty? So Ouyang is practicing himself on 1072. If it wasn't for the resurrection of the Southern Song Dynasty, how could he speak the language of Ruyao in the Northern Song Dynasty? In short, this passage is full of loopholes and can only come from a certain "Mashaben" after Ming, China and South Korea. However, it may also make me ignorant and poor in reading. If so, I hope my predecessors and wise men will point out my mistakes and let me take fewer detours.

On the bibliography of Martha's edition and Martha's edition

After the publication of Re-discussion on Mashaben and Edition Bibliography, someone asked me: "Even if others misquoted the literature, what makes you assert that the poem about Ru kiln and Chai kiln can't be written by Ouyang Xiu?" This question is very interesting. Comparing the authenticity of cultural relics is popular now. Almost every issue of the collection magazine has related articles. Grasp the characteristics of genuine products from the aspects of modeling, ornamentation, painting style and technological characteristics, and find out the failure of counterfeit products, thus breaking their authenticity. This is also a science, the main point of which is to master the characteristics of genuine products and summarize their laws. Literature also has the theory of discriminating between falsehood, which has long been popular in the literary world. Its main point is to master the characteristics of genuine products and summarize their laws. Reading more of Ouyang Xiu's poems will certainly make you familiar with his artistic style, and then it should be easy to identify fakes. If Ouyang Xiu's poems are compared to the quality of official kilns, then the poem about Ru kilns and Chai kilns can only be regarded as the level of ordinary folk kilns, and the gap between them is too big, which can be seen at a glance. Of course, to demonstrate every detail in detail, I'm afraid I have to write thousands or even tens of thousands of words, so I won't go into details here. However, it should be pointed out that Ouyang Xiu's academic spirit is very rigorous. Among the popular writing anecdotes, if books are compiled, it seems that he is the most, at least the most. In his later years, he was still meticulously proofreading his poems, and even his wife felt a little bored, accusing him of saying, "You are so old, why bother yourself?" Just ask someone to copy it for me. You are not a pupil, are you afraid that the teacher will blame you? "Ouyang Xiu replied," I am not afraid of my husband's anger, and I am afraid of my future life jokes! If I didn't copy him clearly, why not let my descendants visit him? "The story of Ouyang Xiu's fear of laughing after death is really the most intriguing. Ironically, I didn't expect that a thousand years later, because of a great writer who was rigorous in his studies all his life, the dispute between Ru kiln and Chai kiln was inexplicably promoted. Ouyang Xiu has a spirit in heaven, and I'm afraid he will laugh and cry.

In the study of ceramic history, it is necessary to check the original text and find out the place when quoting documents, so as to be justified. It is impossible for universities to save trouble by asking questions, and it is difficult to climb to the top by opportunistic shortcuts. If you are not afraid of the laughter of your predecessor, isn't it "afraid of the laughter of future generations"?