Guan Yu and the joke of Shu's demise.

Guan Yu lost Jingzhou, dragged down Shu, consumed Kong Ming and wasted the blood and sweat of the elite of Shu Han!

The prospect of war

Jingzhou is of great strategic significance. After taking Jingzhou, Shu Han further annexed Yizhou, and its strength reached its peak. At this time, Sun Wu was keenly aware that Liu Bei, the former messenger, was now a rich man in Jing Yiyuan, and the conflict of interests between them became increasingly obvious. So Sun Wu sent Lu Su, the first diplomat of Soochow, to Jingzhou to discuss the return of Jiangxia land originally lent to Liu Bei, which was called "begging Jingzhou" in history. Liu Bei's attitude is clear: never return what is in his mouth! Sun Quan was furious, so that Monroe led his troops to capture Jingzhou, and Liu Bei came to Jingzhou himself. The relationship between the two sides is tense and the situation is critical. "Sue invited the other two to meet each other, and each kept a hundred paces. Only the general was invited to the meeting." -Biography of the Three Kingdoms Wu Shu Lu Su

At this time, in order to take care of the overall situation of the Sun-Liu alliance, Lu Su agreed to go to the meeting with Guan Yu, commander-in-chief of Jingzhou. In this meeting, Lv Meng argued, and Guan Yu was speechless. The negotiations did not ease the tension. At this time, Cao Cao did Sun Liumeng a big favor. When Sun and Liu confronted each other, Cao Cao sent his troops to Hanzhong. Hanzhong, as the gateway of Yizhou, can't be lost, so Liu Bei took the way of peace talks to give up the land of the three counties and rule with Sun Wu. At this time, Jingzhou was divided into three parts: the north of Xiangfan was occupied by Cao Cao, the west of Xiangshui (Nanjun, Lingling and Wuling) was Liu Bei's territory, and the east of Xiangshui (Jiangxia, Changsha and Guiyang) was Sun Wu's territory. In the twenty-fourth year of Jian 'an, Da was ordered to attack Fangling from Zigui to the north, and Fangling was harmed by its satrap. To attack, Yin, the late master, was afraid that it would be difficult for him to be alone, so he sent men and troops from Hanzhong to meet the enemy under the water. Shang Yong, the prefect of Shang Yong, called on the people to surrender and sent his wife and family to Chengdu. -"The Biography of the Three Kingdoms and Liu Feng" played Cao Cao in Liu Beibei, and after Hanzhong became king, the peak of Shu Han came. At this time, Guan Yu launched the famous battle of Xiangfan in order to cooperate with Liu Bei's westward military action.

Xiangfan campaign

In 2 19 AD, Guan Yu led troops from Nanjun to attack Xiangyang and Fancheng. In the early stage of the war, it went smoothly. Guan Yu drowned the Seventh Army, surrendered to the Forbidden City, defeated Pound, shocked China, and created the greatest military achievement in his life and the top war achievement in the history of the Three Kingdoms. Guan Yu surrounded Fan and Xiangyang. Mao and Emperor Xian of Han lived in Xu, close to thieves, and wanted to move the capital. -"reflection Shu Wei 14" how did Guan Yu perform in the battle of Xiangfan? His performance was so excellent that Cao Cao wanted to move the capital. Guan Yu surrounded Xiangyang and Fancheng, flooded Fancheng, and Coss insisted on helping them. Seeing that the wall is about to collapse, victory is just around the corner, but Sun Wu in the rear has made little moves again and again.

Baiyi crossing the river

In the battle of Xiangfan, Cao Cao had the idea of moving the capital, but Sima Yi suggested that Cao Cao should unite with Sun Quan to fight Guan Yu, and Cao Cao adopted it. In order to ensure the interests of Sun Wu and occupy the south of Jingzhou, Sun Quan resolutely promised to unite with Cao Cao. With Sun Quan's performance, he said that he was ill and returned to Jianye, and sponsored Lu Xun, who was not well-known but determined to Liu, as the viceroy. When I arrived at Lukou, I called it Shuyu, saying it was beautiful and cultured, which meant loyalty and self-reliance. Feather meaning is safe and sound, and there is no suspicion of recovery. I will withdraw my troops and go to Fan. Chen Qi is an important place for birds because it has an open shape. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Guan Yu showed weakness when he took office. He knew that Guan Yu was headstrong and arrogant, and his tail got stuck in the sky just after he shocked China, so he adopted the strategy of "pretending to be a grandson", which successfully paralyzed Guan Yu and made him withdraw from the garrison in Nanjun. Sun Wu's army was sold out, and Lu Meng immediately headed west; Lu Xun, on the other hand, rushed to the west to stop Guan Yu's retreat. Monroe disguised the warship as a passenger ship, dressed in white, and killed the post along the way. This is called "crossing the river in white". After crossing the river in white, Mi Fang and Jingzhou fell with the wind, but Guan Yu and Jingzhou lost their land. After putting pressure on Guan Yu, Cao Cao was attacked by Lv Meng and finally defeated Maicheng. Captured by Pan Zhang, Guan Yu and Guan Ping were beheaded.

Repeat one's mistakes

When Liu Bei learned that Jingzhou had fallen and his second brother was killed, his anger broke out instantly. In the second year after Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, he disobeyed the ministers and personally directed Sun Quan's Western Expedition. Of course, the main purpose of Liu Bei's western expedition to Sun Quan was to recover Jingzhou, and one of the reasons was to avenge Guan Yu. As a mature politician, he is seldom impulsive. Jingzhou is as important to the Shu-Han regime as Hanzhong. Liu Bei decided to stab enough to fight against Sun Quan. Sun Quan appointed epigenetic Lu Xun as the viceroy, and the Western Expedition resisted Liu Bei's army. Finally, in the battle of Yiling Xiaoting, Lu Xun burned the camp and defeated Liu Bei. Liu Bei failed in Yong 'an Palace and was seriously ill. He recalled Li Yan and Zhuge Liang to arrange orphan care, which was called "Yong 'an orphan care" in history, which is what we often call "Baidicheng orphan care".

The sigh of the empire

Shu Han is the weakest among the three countries, but it is the fastest rising. It only took Liu Bei Group 1 1 year to occupy the land in jiangling county, cross Jingxiang and seize Hanzhong. The rapid rise has led to the disconnection between the internal structure and the grassroots demand, which is also one of the reasons for the demise of Shu Han. Yizhou is the core area of Shu and Han dynasties, and Ma Chao, the "King of Qiang", is guarding Hanzhong in the north, which is no big problem. Xiguan has been guarded by Guan Yu and was destroyed after the battle of Xiangfan. In fact, it took Shu Han only five years to really cross the land of two States, and then he could only rule Yizhou.

This change comes from Guan Yu's "carelessness" in Jingzhou. There is no doubt about Guan Yu's personal ability, but his shortcomings are equally obvious. He was caught by Sun Wu's personality weakness and took advantage of it, which led to the dilemma of being caught between Scylla and Charybdis. Once Jingzhou fell, it was not only difficult to move westward, but also Zhuge Liang's countermeasures could not be put into practice, which was not only a strategic loss, but also a political loss. The urgent demand forced Liu Bei to send troops rashly, but the new dynasty was badly weakened and never recovered. In the third year of Zhangwu, Emperor Liu Bei of Han Zhaolie died and Liu Chan succeeded to the throne. All the mess was thrown to Zhuge Liang, the "phase father". Faced with the dilemma between Shu and Han, he began a long road of governing the country with attack as the defense, and finally he was exhausted. Sigh of the Empire: If Guan Yu hadn't been careless in Jingzhou, would things have developed like this? What a pity!