What are Lao She's essays?

-

a scholarly family

-

Author introduction and catalogue of works

Some impressions

Appreciation of Baotu Spring

habit

withdraw cash

Spring in Daming Lake

Qingdao in May

Small resurrection

Master Zongyue

Mr. Four.

Brief introduction of Qingrong

-

Lao She's Prose Language

Author: Kong

The artistic space of modern prose, which began around the May 4th Movement, is full of stars. Famous works with unique styles allow us to enjoy the aesthetic enjoyment of "different heights" from all angles. But in terms of language, most of the works are children of that era at first glance, children of the era when the rule of classical Chinese was just overthrown and the vernacular was babbling. No matter how beautiful the article is, it always gives people a feeling of being separated by a screen, which makes it difficult for future generations to learn directly from it in language. After a cursory glance at the garden of modern prose, I only think that Mr. Lao She can broadcast directly to contemporary authors in language. Of course, I don't think that Lao She's prose achievements surpass other prose masters who admire me as a whole. I just want to talk about my humble opinion on Lao She's prose language, which may be beneficial to today's prose writers.

Mr. Lao She is a well-deserved master of language. His achievements in language art can be compared with those of Lu Xun and Hou. Of course, his superb language skills are first manifested in novels and plays, but as we all know, there is no genre that Lao She can't control. He is the all-around champion of modern and contemporary literary circles in China. Only before and after the Anti-Japanese War, his essays amounted to hundreds of thousands of words. However, one reason is that I was overshadowed by other great achievements, and another reason is that Lao She himself is famous for his modesty. He once said in his question and answer: "I will leave a will when I die. Please don't publish my letters and essays in my name. ..... it's not a meticulous job, which makes people break the time of studying, and they are not at ease after death! " Therefore, the academic circles have been paying attention to Lao She's prose, and failed to sort it out and study it properly. In fact, Lao She's prose not only embodies many characteristics of his novels, but also has high artistic value, especially in language.

What impresses people most is the simplicity and freshness of language style. Lao She loves cleanliness. "I don't pay attention to eating and drinking all my life. I just like to wear a few neat clothes." Everything is neat, so is his writing. But his simplicity is different from Zhou Zuoren's light tea and slow wine or Yu Pingbo's slow drum and astringent string, but tells you an old friend who is humble and friendly. This narrative is completely colloquial, but it is a highly artistic and concise spoken language that you don't know. It is by no means intended to make an unpretentious gesture, dragging others into the self-made peach blossom garden to endure the language torture of "grapes mixed with tofu-a piece of tofu", as some young people criticized by Mao Dun did, "simple to the point of poverty". This kind of kung fu is incomparable to Lao She.

Lao She's simplicity is not unadorned. On the contrary, a large part of his simplicity is reflected in the decoration. The key is to decorate it naturally, appropriately and just right. Just like a Beijing girl dressed neatly and beautifully, she is not a gorgeous girl in a ten-mile foreign market, nor a stupid village woman in a barren hill. We have all read Zhu Ziqing's Green. The author spreads out the front and the back, and uses a lot of metaphors and exaggerations to describe the green of plum rain pool with great interest and popularity. Lao She, who loves mountains and rivers all his life, is also a master of writing green, but his writing style is quite different from the former. Let's take a look at some paragraphs in his article describing the scenery of Jinan and Qingdao:

Let's talk about the green algae in the water. I'm afraid there is nothing like that kind of green except the green in God's heart. This bright green is revealed through the clarity of water, as if a beauty appreciates her beauty through a mirror. Yes, these green algae enjoy the sweetness of water by themselves, not for anyone. They know their little green troubles. They are there all year round, kissing Shui Pi and dreaming green dreams. Naughty duck, touch it with golden sole once or twice. The shadows of Huan women kiss their green leaves once or twice. It's just that this is their sweet trouble. I envy the poet!

-"Some impressions" IV

In summer, as soon as you enter the school gate, you will see a green building with a large area of green grass in front. The building is surrounded by green trees, with one or two peaks floating at the tips of the green trees. Because the trees are too dense, you can't see the house and hillside behind the trees, so you can't guess what is behind the shade. Deep and great, you can't help taking a deep breath. Green building? Really, the dark green and fat leaves of Parthenocissus tricuspidata cover the building layer by layer, revealing only a few white-edged windows; Every breeze makes layers of green leaves tilt and move horizontally and vertically regularly, which is an upright green wave.

..... All the greens are sunken in the middle of the greens, from the greens on the ground to the green peaks floating on the trees, which is a successful scene dominated by greens.

-"Informal Park"

Look at the green leaves on the roadside and look at the sea. Really, I understand what "spring is as deep as the sea" means. Green, bright green, light green, dark green, yellow green, gray green, all kinds of green, connected, staggered, changing, undulating, green to the horizon, green to the foot of the mountain, green to the outside of the fishing sail. ……

-"Qingdao in May"

After reading these incisively and vividly, who can not love "green", and it must be so simple, clean and clear. Contemporary prose often loses its simplicity because the author has no sincere love for the things described.

What is inseparable from simplicity is the conciseness of Lao She's prose language. Spoken and spoken English is good at describing details, and the most likely thing to stumble is verbosity. Although Xu Zhimo's prose language is too thick to melt, it has its beauty, but from the perspective of reception aesthetics, it cannot but admit its disadvantages. China's prose has always been concise. The essays of Lu Xun, Xu Dishan, Ye and others all have concise styles. Lao She's prose language is not inferior to others in conciseness, and it has its own uniqueness, that is, simplicity reveals crispness.

Lao She is familiar with Beijing dialect, the most mature tributary of Chinese. Beijing dialect is characterized by simplicity, fluency and convenience. People can naturally see at a glance that this language is reproduced in the article by Lao She after artistic tempering. For example, he wrote Mr. Ma Zongrong's Concept of Time:

Mr. Ma Zongrong's watch, I think it is probably an ornament. He is always more than an hour late for meetings or meals, and his watch is not slow.

He wrote "Bombing" in Wuhan:

The sound of the machine is far away, and you are too lazy to move when you come out of the hole. Do you know what is waiting for you outside: the sunniest day, the saddest sight, the sun shining on the body and blood, the sunny hell.

Limited by space, there are not many examples. In fact, in some longer paragraphs, this kind of crispness is more distinct. Mainly the arrangement of short sentences, long sentences and sentence patterns, such as inverted sentences and ellipsis sentences, which should be based on accuracy, otherwise it is simple and incomplete. Many contemporary essays can be concise, but they often lose their flavor.

Speaking of Lao She's language, people can't forget the word "humor". It seems that without humor, Lao She's ink bottle will dry up. In fact, although Lao She was born with humor (just like a person born with seriousness or melancholy, there is no distinction between good and bad, refined and popular), he did not win by humor. If his early works "Lao Zhang's Philosophy" and "Zhao Ziyue" are inevitably glib, then he can be said to have skillfully grasped the cable of humor in his later artistic path. He laughed at suffering with tears in his eyes, satirized and lashed the darkness mercilessly, and filled his friends with humor and friendship. His prose can show this well.

He wrote about his friends:

He, really, won't let Mrs. He take an umbrella. Really, he can't give her an umbrella either. He doesn't admire the man who beat his wife, nor does he admire the man who came out to give her an umbrella after beating his wife. The latter is not aboveboard.

-"Who is He Rong?"

He wrote about the lovely kitten:

If it is happy, it can be gentler and kinder than anyone else: rub your legs with your body, stretch out your neck and ask for scratching, or jump on the table and poke a few small clubs on the paper while you are writing. It will also enrich the multi-cavity appellation, with different length and thickness, and try to avoid monotony. Babies purr to relieve themselves when they don't bark.

-"Cat"

Satire the Kuomintang's hook case in Chongqing;

Yes, it doesn't necessarily mean that a person is not allowed to donate money to injured refugees if he goes to eat big dishes and shoot sparrows.

-"bombing"

However, the humor of Lao She's prose is not to make people laugh and then applaud his eloquence, but to show more profound truth with more profound expressions and arouse people's deeper thinking. Many of his essays are like this, which is different from the humor advocated by Lin Yutang and others. In contemporary prose creation, this kind of humor is quite lacking, which is worth learning from Mr. Lao She.

Good prose is hard to read and memorable, which requires meaningful language. Lao She's prose has a cordial and touching charm because of its simplicity, conciseness and humor, and Lao She also strives to pursue this charm. He attaches great importance to feelings in his article. He said in "Even the wisest man is foolish":

You should prepare the highest thoughts and deepest feelings, so as to grow the flowers of literature and art, instead of just spending time on words and taking words as symbols. Words are only tools of literature and art, and a good carpenter cannot be sawed.

Bing Xin praised reading Lao She's prose as "as cordial and simple as hearing his conversation after drinking tea". This is precisely because when Lao She describes a scene and everything, he always thinks of the reader and tries his best to communicate his feelings with the reader. When he wrote Missing Beiping, he did not exaggerate the rich scenery of Beiping, but spoke so eloquently, which typically infected the readers' homesickness and aroused the voice of * * *. His early prose describing mountains and rivers is even more emotional, and the scenery people see is alive and emotional.

Prose is short and affectionate. Although it is not difficult to do this, it is difficult to do it well. One reason why Lao She's prose language makes people feel meaningful is that he expresses his thoughts slowly, rhythmically, without beating around the bush, and pushes them out step by step. This is backed by profound basic language skills. I'm afraid it's a thankless thing for us to study hard to write a composition today.

Ma Xiaomi said in the postscript of the translated version of Drummer that Lao She's "humorous and meaningful style, simple and simple style, and strong local flavor of Beijing, I can't learn it and I can't reproduce it". I don't think it is necessary for people engaged in prose writing today to imitate the style of modern and contemporary prose writers, but it is undoubtedly necessary to read more of their works and absorb more nutrition from their predecessors. The styles of some modern essayists are no longer suitable for today. Judging from the art of language use, I think Lao She is probably the most enlightening one.

Laoshe's prose

Mr. Lao She is a famous prolific and versatile writer at home and abroad. During his writing career of more than forty years, he wrote many novels and short stories. Opera, opera and drama scripts. These more than 50 essays with hundreds of thousands of words are just some of his "small articles"! But from these short articles, we can see his personality, his hobbies, his life experiences, the people he contacts, the places where he lives or travels ... Reading these short articles is as kind and meaningful as hearing his conversation after drinking tea.

From the first article My Mother, we know that Lao She's childhood and adolescent life were very poor and cold. He said: "In fact, most of the things I encountered in my childhood were neither sweet nor beautiful." He has always felt that his childhood life is sweet and beautiful in his memories, just because he has a "hardworking and honest" mother who will bear it silently. His "life education" was handed down to him by his mother: hospitality, love of flowers, love of cleanliness, order and so on. All this outlines Lao She.

Many of these essays are works of recalling friends. Some of his friends are also my friends, such as Mr. Luo Changpei and Mr. Xu Dishan ... He and Luo Changpei:

"Always be independent and responsible."

He praised the mountain:

"He is learned and has no shelf. He likes telling jokes, the elegance of the village ... innocent and lovely. "

He praised Bai Dizhou:

"He doesn't curry favor with people who are taller than him. He helps people who are lower than him. For yourself, work hard in humorous contempt. "

When it comes to He Rong, he said:

"His ancient road made him as soft as a lamb and as hard as iron. When he is tough, don't flatter others, even if it is perfunctory. When he obeyed, his feelings were completely aroused by reason. "

We often say, "whoever makes friends". From Lao She's favorite friends, we can fully see Lao She's character.

There are several articles about Beijing in this collection. He loves Beijing. He said:

"It is in my blood, and many places in my character and temper are given by this ancient city."

"I love it as much as my mother."

"Beijing has been liberated, and people's hearts and eyes have seen the light together."

This is why the word "ecstasy" is often used in Lao She's articles after liberation!

Lao She loves mountains and rivers. In several short essays describing the scenery of Jinan and Qingdao, the color of "green" is particularly highlighted.

He said in "Greater Imagination":

"A bunch of mountains seem to go west with different greens ... seaweed is green all year round ... it seems to imply the' green' in God's mind, and it is so green."

He wrote in "Informal Park":

"All colors are dyed in the middle of green, and there are green peaks floating from the ground to the trees. A scene with green as the main color is successful."

He wrote in Qingdao in May:

"Take a look at the roadside green, at the same time take a look at the sea, really, this just understand what is called" spring is as deep as the sea ". Green, bright green, light green, dark green, yellow-green, gray-green, all kinds of green are connected, staggered, changing and undulating, all the way to the horizon, green to the foot of the mountain, and green to the outside of the fishing sail. "

References:

/sanwen/ls 1.html