Junior two mathematics tabloid

First of all, the story of mathematics

1. Archimedes

Archimedes, an ancient Greek scholar, died at the hands of Roman enemy soldiers who attacked Sicil

First of all, the story of mathematics

1. Archimedes

Archimedes, an ancient Greek scholar, died at the hands of Roman enemy soldiers who attacked Sicily (he said "Don't break my circle" before he died). ), in memory of him, people carved the figure of the ball engraved in the cylinder on his tombstone to commemorate his discovery that the volume and surface area of the ball are two-thirds of that of the circumscribed cylinder.

2. Hua

1930 One day, Xiong Qinglai, head of the Department of Mathematics at Tsinghua University, was sitting in his office reading a magazine Science. Looking at it, I can't help but exclaim: "Which country is this China from?" "Which university does he teach at?" Finally, a teacher from Jiangsu said slowly, "My brother has a classmate named Hua who only went to junior high school. Xiong Qinglai was surprised and invited Hua to Tsinghua University.

Since then, Hua has become a teaching assistant in the Department of Mathematics of Tsinghua University. The following year, his papers began to be published in famous foreign mathematical magazines. A few years later, Hua was sent to Cambridge University in England to study. His theory was named "Fahrenheit Theorem" by the mathematical community.

3. Ju Lushi

Born in 624 BC, Ju Lushi was the first famous mathematician in ancient Greece. He used to be a shrewd businessman. After he accumulated considerable wealth by selling olive oil, Cyrus devoted himself to scientific research and travel. He is diligent and studious, at the same time, he is not superstitious about the ancients, and he is brave in exploration, creation and positive thinking. His hometown is not too far from Egypt, so he often travels to Egypt. There, Ju Lushi learned about the rich mathematical knowledge accumulated by ancient Egyptians for thousands of years. When he traveled in Egypt, he calculated the height of the pyramids in a clever way, which made the ancient Egyptian king Amerasis admire him very much.

4. Zu Chongzhi

Zu Chongzhi's outstanding achievement in mathematics is about the calculation of pi. Before the Qin and Han Dynasties, people took "diameter of one week and three weeks" as pi, which was called "Gubi". Later, it was found that the error of Gubi was too big, and the pi should be "more than three times a week". However, there are different opinions on how much is left. Until the Three Kingdoms period, Liu Hui put forward a scientific method to calculate pi-"secant method", which approximated the circumference of a circle with the circumference of a regular polygon.

On the basis of predecessors' achievements, Zu Chongzhi worked hard and calculated repeatedly, and found that π was between 3. 14 15926 and 3. 14 15927. The approximate value was obtained in the form of π fraction, which was used as reduction rate and ciphering rate, and the six decimal places were 3./kloc. Is the fraction whose denominator is within 1000, which is closest to π. It is impossible to prove how Zu Chongzhi got this result. If he tries to find it according to Liu Hui's "secant" method, he will have to calculate 16384 polygons inscribed in the circle. How much time and energy will it take! It is obvious that his perseverance and wisdom in academic research are admirable. It has been more than 1000 years since foreign mathematicians obtained the same result in the secrecy rate calculated by Zu Chongzhi. In order to commemorate Zu Chongzhi's outstanding contribution, some mathematicians abroad suggested that π = be called "ancestral rate".

5.galois

Galois was born in a town not far from Paris. His father is the headmaster of the school and has served as mayor for many years. The influence of family makes Galois always brave and fearless. 1823, 12-year-old galois left his parents to study in Paris. Not content with boring classroom indoctrination, he went to find the most difficult mathematics original research by himself. Some teachers also helped him a lot. Teachers' evaluation of him is "only suitable for working in the frontier field of mathematics".

Rudolph

/kloc-Rudolph, a German mathematician in the 6th century, spent his whole life calculating pi to 35 decimal places, which was later called Rudolph number. After his death, someone else carved this number on his tombstone. Jacques Bernoulli, a Swiss mathematician, studied the spiral (known as the thread of life) before his death. After his death, a logarithmic spiral was carved on the tombstone, and the inscription also read: "Although I have changed, I am the same as before." This is a pun, which not only describes the spiral nature, but also symbolizes his love for mathematics.

7.von Neumann

Von Neumann, one of the most outstanding mathematicians in the 20th century. As we all know, the electronic computer invented by 1946 has greatly promoted the progress of science and technology and social life. In view of von Neumann's key role in the invention of electronic computers, he is called "the father of computers" by westerners. From 19 1 1 to 192 1, von Neumann got ahead when he was studying in Lu Se Lun Middle School in Budapest, and was highly valued by teachers. Under the individual guidance of Mr. Fichte, von Neumann published his first mathematical paper in cooperation.

8.gaussian

Gauss, a famous German mathematician, has the reputation of "prince of mathematics". When I was a child, Gauss's family was poor, and his father found it useless to study, but Gauss still liked reading. It is said that when he was a child, his father would tell him to go to bed after eating in winter to save fuel, but when he slept, he would hollow out the inside of the radish and roll it into a cotton roll to be used as a lamp to continue his study. Gauss has a famous story: he calculated the task assigned by the primary school teacher in a short time: natural numbers. The method he used was: sum 50 pairs of sequences constructed as sum101(1+100, 2+99, 3+98 ...) and get the result: 5050. This year, Gauss was 9 years old.

Second, math jokes.

1, occupational characteristics

Three scientists went to Scotland from London to attend a conference. Soon after crossing the border, they found a black sheep.

"This is very interesting," said the astronomer. "All sheep in Scotland are black."

"This inference is unreliable," replied the physicist. "We can only conclude that some sheep in Scotland are black."

The logician immediately went on to say, "What we really know is that there is at least one black sheep in at least one place in Scotland."

2, the number of life and death

The English poet Jannison wrote a poem, several lines of which read: "Every minute, a person is dying, and every minute, a person is born ..."

After reading it, a mathematician wrote to question it. The letter said: "dear sir, reading famous books makes people feel fast, but there are a few illogical lines, which is really difficult to agree." According to your algorithm, the number of life and death per minute is balanced, and the number of people on the earth is eternal. But you know, in fact, the population on the earth is growing. To be exact, 1.6749 people are born every minute, which is quite different from the number you provided in your poem. For the sake of practicality, if you don't object, I suggest you use a score of 7/6, that is, change the poem to: "Every minute, one person dies, and every minute, one and a sixth people are born ..."

3. Mathematicians fall in love

Mathematicians and their girlfriends are walking in the park. His girlfriend asked him, "Do you really mind my freckles?"

The mathematician replied softly, "Absolutely not! I was born to like dealing with decimal points. "

4. Who is the meanest?

"You say, who is the meanest person in the world?"

"Mathematicians, of course."

"Why?"

"They fight for every ounce!"

5. Statisticians

A statistician who has never taken care of his children reluctantly agreed to take care of four young and active children when his wife went shopping on Saturday afternoon. When his wife came home, he handed her a note that read:

"Wipe tears 1 1 time; Tie shoelaces 15 times; Blow toy balloons for each child five times, and the average life of each balloon is 10 second; Warning children not to cross the road 26 times; The child insisted on crossing the road 26 times; I want to do it again on Saturday. "

Step 6 check the tickets

The old professor travels by train. When the conductor came to check the ticket, he couldn't find it. The old professor was sweating with anxiety. The conductor said, forget it, just make up a ticket.

Old Professor: How did this happen? I don't know where I'm going until I find that ticket!

7, the mystery of the inscription

Diao Fandu, a famous mathematician in Alexandria, ancient Greece, is only known as a man in the 3rd century A.D., but his age and life history books are not clearly recorded. However, we can still learn a thing or two from his tombstone, which tells people all the year round that he is 84 years old.

8. The complicated tombstone is like this:

Diao Fan sleeps here. If you understand the mystery of the inscription, it will tell you the whole life span of the carving fan. The gods gave him 1/6 of life as his childhood. After112 of life, he grew a beard, and then Diao Fan got married, but he had no children, so he spent 1/7 of life. Five years later, he had his first son, but his beloved son died young.