Linguistic analysis of Zhu Guangquan's humorous jokes.

Story speeches are usually more attractive if humorous colors are added. Humor is an advanced language skill, and it is also a gentle and optimistic attitude with wisdom. We are very familiar with humor and jokes, but what is the principle behind humor? Why do some humor make us laugh and some jokes make us puzzled?

Zhu Guangquan, the host of CCTV programs, often speaks golden sentences. Please try to guess the principle:

"There are no four seasons, only two seasons; You see, it's the peak season, and changing the channel is the low season.

Eating Yuanxiao is made by myself.

If the earth does not explode, we will not have a holiday; We won't rest until the universe restarts.

There are so many delicious seafood, and even more heroes love fat waist. Excuse me, where is the restaurant? The shepherd boy points to 30 1. "

Cognitive linguistics uses "conceptual integration theory" to explain humor, that is, people understand abstract new things through experience and conceptualize them into space. Usually, when we read a general text, the changes described in the text will form two input spaces in the brain, and then the concepts will merge from the input space into the synthesis space, and the merged concepts will be supplemented by information such as context, and the brain will further process the synthesis space through association to form new information.

When reading humorous texts, we often understand the first half of the discourse and then start the conventional default space. In the second half, the newly input discourse suddenly conflicts with the conventional space in the first half, and then the rapid transfer of psychological space produces humorous effects.

A qualified paragraph must first be related to the consciousness and ideas in our minds, and then the language formation expectations that may appear next; However, in fact, the paragraph will be reversed, breaking expectations and creating an unexpected surprise. For example, "there are no four seasons, only two seasons; You see, it's the peak season, and changing the channel is the low season. The four seasons and two seasons in the first half of the sentence are familiar with climate change or commodity circulation cycle, forming an input space about nature and logistics, so we expect another input space to be about objective things such as nature and logistics. The second half of Mr. Zhu Guangquan's sentence is an affectionate confession to the audience. The newly entered words conflict with the familiar space, which is unexpected and understandable, and brings us humor. Another example is "eating Yuanxiao, I made it myself". The first half of the sentence forms the expectation of food. In the process of making Yuanxiao, the word "shake" is generally used as a common collocation, and the second half is a pun. In addition to the expected space of food, it also creates the input space of "life experience", breaking expectations and releasing surprises.

Pragmatics cooperative principle and deepening relevance theory are also used to explain humor. Grice's cooperative principle means that in order to achieve the purpose of communication, the speaker and the listener will tacitly abide by the common principle, that is, the cooperative principle in conversation. It includes four aspects: the criterion of quantity, and the amount of information provided in the conversation can not be too much or too little; Quality standards, the conversation should provide well-founded and true information; Relationship criterion, speak to the point; The model principle is to speak concisely and orderly, and avoid obscurity and ambiguity. The formation of humor lies in the deliberate violation and implicit formation of the principle of cooperation; Even actively choose words to create scenes, thus deepening the sense of disobedience and forming a stronger sense of humor.

Let's give an example to illustrate. 20 17 When the news of Spring Festival travel rush was reported, overnight, women and children all knew Zhu Guangquan's divine sentence: We won't have a holiday until the earth explodes; We won't rest until the universe restarts. If you follow the principle of cooperation, then this sentence becomes three words-at work. No holiday, no rest, saying the same thing twice, violates the criterion of quantity; The explosion of the earth and the restart of the universe, unfounded imagination, violated qualitative standards; Holidays have a slight relationship with the earth's universe, but it is by no means the degree that people can immediately associate with it, which violates the relationship criterion; The information of the three words in "Twenty Crosses and Four Sentences" is verbose, which violates the pattern criterion. All four commandments are broken, and the result is humor, which the audience loves to watch.

Similarly, there are so many delicious seafood, and more heroes love fat waist. Excuse me, where is the restaurant? The shepherd boy pointed to three zero one. The sentence that abides by the principle of cooperation is "too much purine leads to gout". Is it boring? In addition, this sentence also draws lessons from ancient poems, using "there are many beautiful people in the mountains and rivers, and countless heroes compete to bend their backs" and "I asked where the restaurant was, and the shepherd boy refers to Xinghua Village". The familiar poems have been adapted, creating an input space for gout, which conflicts with the original familiar input space of elegant nostalgia and Qingming culture, and humor follows.

In linguistic theory, humor can be explained from many angles, such as the opposition and polysemy of semantic elements, script theory, premise and context, superiority and so on. Interested partners can also refer to humor linguistics. By applying the above principles, we can create our own humor. For example, deliberately creating a connection between two unrelated things, making more preparations in the early stage and then suddenly reversing.

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