Brief introduction of basketball

Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the world. All the friends around us are playing basketball. This is my introduction to basketball. I hope you like it!

Brief introduction of basketball

Basketball, the core event of the Olympic Games, is a hand-centered antagonistic sport.

Basketball originated in America. 189 1 year 65438+February 2 1 day, by James, a physical education teacher at the Springfield YMCA Training School (now translated as Springfield University and Springfield College). Naismith invented [2]. From 65438 to 0896, basketball was introduced to China.

1904, the 1 th basketball exhibition was held in St. Louis Olympic Games. 1936, basketball was included in the official competition of Berlin Olympic Games [1]. 1992, when the Barcelona Olympic Games began, professional players can participate in Olympic basketball games [1-2].

The main international basketball organization is the International Basketball Federation, founded in 1932 and headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.

Basketball development course

Basketball was invented by American james naismith in 189 1 year. At that time, he taught at the YMCA International Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts. Because the local area is rich in peaches, the children here like to play the game of throwing the ball into the peach basket very much. This inspired him and learned the characteristics of football, hockey and other ball games to create basketball games.

At first, the basketball game was relatively simple, and there were no restrictions on the size of the venue and the number of people participating in the game. The players in the game are divided into two equal teams, standing at the two ends of the court. After the referee threw the ball to the center of the court, the players from both sides immediately rushed into the court to grab the ball and tried to throw it into the opponent's basket. Because the peach basket has a bottom, the ball will stay in the basket after being hit, and people must climb a special ladder to take the ball out of the basket.

With the continuous improvement of venue facilities, the bottom of the basket was cancelled, the peach basket was replaced by an iron ring, and the iron fence was replaced by a backboard made of wooden boards. The center line, middle circle and free throw line were added to the venue, and the game started from the middle jump ball. At the same time, the players on the field are usually changed to 5 players per team, and there are positions such as defender, defender, center, striker and left-behind. In addition, naismith has formulated the imperfect competition rules with *** 13 clause, which stipulates that it is forbidden to run, hug, push, trip and hit people with the ball. This has greatly improved the interest of basketball games, attracted more people to participate in this sport, and made basketball spread rapidly throughout the United States.

1892, basketball was first introduced to Mexico from the United States and soon spread throughout Mexico. In this way, Mexico became the first country outside the United States to develop basketball. Since then, the sport has been introduced to France, Britain, China, Brazil, Czechoslovakia, Australia, Lebanon and other countries, and has been developed, popularized and developed all over the world. USA 1895

Bob Gayle introduced basketball to China, and the first basketball match in China was held in Tianjin YMCA on 1896. After that, it was launched in YMCA in Tianjin, Beijing and other cities. 19 10 in the first national games in old China, basketball was listed as a performance event for the first time. Basketball was listed as a formal event for men in the 2nd National Games on 19 14 and as a formal event for women in the 3rd National Games on 1924. Basketball became an official event of the Asian Games from 195 1.

1932 The International Amateur Basketball Federation was established, and men's basketball was recognized as an official Olympic event by the International Olympic Committee. From 65438 to 0946, the professional basketball league appeared in the United States and developed into the current NBA.

Women's basketball didn't develop until the early 20th century. From 65438 to 0976, women's basketball was listed as an official Olympic event.

Basketball playground

The standard court of basketball match is 28m long and15m wide. There should be no obstacles at least 2 meters outside the four boundaries. If it is indoors, the ceiling height should be at least 7 meters. The court is divided into center line, frontcourt and backcourt. The radii of the middle circle on the center lines of the frontcourt and backcourt and the two semicircles on the penalty line are1.80m.. The rectangle under the iron ring is a restricted area, which is often called the restricted area. The area outside the arch arc in the frontcourt and backcourt is called the 3-point shooting area, and the shooting outside the arch arc scores 3 points.

Motion characteristics

● Antagonism: The duration of a basketball game can be long or short, but participants need to run quickly and suddenly take off continuously to compete for agility and strength [4].

● Collectivity: Basketball requires not only technical and tactical abilities, but also wisdom, courage, will, vitality and creativity. Athletes must also have brave and tenacious fighting spirit and the spirit of unity and cooperation [4].

● Appreciation: In the basketball game, you can enjoy skillful dribbling, clever passing, accurate shooting, witty steals, wonderful dunks and surprising blocked shots, coupled with the staggered offensive and defensive, confrontation and transformation, which makes the two sides fight wits and brave, and the situation on the court has changed greatly, which can make the participants and the audience feel psychologically satisfied and happy [4].

● Interesting: Basketball is simple and interesting, which can vary from person to person, from place to place, from time to time and from need. By changing various activities, basketball is more convenient and attracts people's participation, so as to achieve the purpose of invigorating the body and mind and strengthening the body, thus improving the civilized atmosphere of society and enriching people's amateur cultural and entertainment life [4].

● Fitness: By participating in basketball, people can not only keep fit, but also develop their personality, self-confidence, aesthetic taste, willpower, initiative and self-discipline, which is also conducive to cultivating moral qualities of unity and cooperation, respect for opponents and fair competition [4].

Basketball rule

abstract

There are many complicated rules in the basketball game, including 93 rules.

Timeout violation

1.3 second rule: when a team is in possession of the ball, the players of the same team should not stay in the opponent's penalty area for more than 3 seconds. If an out-of-bounds ball is thrown during a game or after possession, as long as the player on the same side stays in the opponent's restricted area for more than 3 seconds, the referee will immediately whistle and punish him for 3 seconds.

2.5-second rule: When the player with the ball is closely guarded, but fails to pass, throw, roll or dribble within 5 seconds, he will also be declared a foul. In the past five seconds, this ball has been fouled, and now the opposing team has thrown a foul ball nearby.

Rule of 3.8 seconds: A team must push the ball to the frontcourt within 8 seconds of controlling the ball in the backcourt, otherwise it will be sentenced to an 8-second violation and the opponent will throw a foul ball.

4.24-second rule: After the team controls the ball on the court, it must shoot within 24 seconds, otherwise it will be sentenced to 24-second violation. In the past, if the ball was thrown out of bounds within 24 seconds, 24 seconds would be recalculated. Now, after throwing a foul ball from the sideline, 24 seconds will not be recalculated, but you must shoot within the remaining time of 24 seconds, otherwise it will still be judged as a 24-second violation and the opponent will throw a foul ball.

general clause

1. Seven fouls plus one free throw rule for the whole team:

basketball

basketball

Every half game, the cumulative number of personal fouls and technical fouls of a team has reached 7 times. After that, if any player of the team commits a personal or technical foul again, the rule of 1 plus 1 free throw will be implemented and the infringed opponent will be awarded a free throw opportunity. If the free throw is successful, the player will add another free throw; If you miss the first free throw, the game should continue and there will be no more free throws. If the free throw doesn't touch the basket, it will be judged as a foul and the opponent will throw a foul ball on the sideline. [3]

Basketball term

term

（ 1）

Players hold the ball with one or both hands, jump in the air, and directly buckle the ball into the basket from top to bottom.

(2) Make-up: When the shot is missed, the athlete takes off in the air to make up the ball in the basket.

(3) Blocking: The attacker uses footwork to block the defender behind him. This footwork is called blocking.

(4) Catch the ball: move along the passing flight direction to facilitate catching the ball.

(5) Dislocation defense: The defender stands next to the attacker he defends and prevents him from catching the ball, which is called dislocation defense.

(6) Important position: The attacker blocks the defender behind him with his body and occupies a favorable position to catch the ball.

(7) Breakthrough: Break through the defender with the ball.

(8) Empty cut: The attacker ran to the basket empty-handed.

(9) One pass: receiving the first 1 pass from defense to attack.

(10) Block shot: When the attacker shoots, the defender tries to hit the ball in the air.

(1 1) Complement: When 1 defender loses his correct defensive position, another defender takes his correct defensive position in time.

(12) Cooperative defense: cooperative defense peers.

(13) Press defense: Keep close to the attacker and constantly use offensive and defensive actions to threaten the opponent's ball control safety or prevent the opponent from receiving the ball.

(14) Oblique insertion: Run diagonally from the sideline to the basket or the center of the court.

(15) Time difference: When shooting, in order to avoid the cover of the opponent's defense, use the air emergency stop to change the shooting time. [3]

(16) Rebound: After a missed shot, both players compete for the right to play in the basket or rebound.

(17) Free throw: After the attacker was fouled, he shot without battling in the semicircle behind the free throw line, and scored one point for each goal.

Technical rules

(1) Technical foul: Technical foul refers to the foul of all players except those who come into contact with the opposing team. Players must not ignore the referee's advice or use improper behavior.

(2) dribble twice: also known as? Illegal dribbling? After the first dribble, players are not allowed to dribble again. After losing the ball, he can only shoot and pass the ball unless the ball is touched by another player.

(3) Ball-holding collision: The ball-holding player pushes or moves to the body contact of the defender's trunk. When the defender has stood in advance at the moment of contact, the attacker constitutes a collision with the ball.

(4) Blocking foul: Personal foul is caused by improper physical contact between the ball-holding player and the defensive ball-holding player due to unreasonable position, incorrect body posture, improper starting method and illegal action.

(5) Assassin fouls: Also known as? Illegal use of hands? Defenders will be beaten by referees when dribbling, layup and shooting.

(6) Walking: Also known as? Is it illegal to carry the ball? This means that when a player holds the ball on the court, one foot or both feet illegally move in any direction beyond the limit stipulated by the rules.

(7)24-second violation: 1. When a player controls a live ball on the court, the team must finish shooting within 24 seconds. Timer is an indispensable part of basketball game. After shooting, when the basketball is still on the flight path, 24 seconds are allowed. If the basketball finally touches the basket, the 24-second timer will reset the time. If the shot fails to touch the basket, it will be sentenced to 24 seconds overtime violation. 2. The control team should not shoot for 24 seconds and give a signal sound for 24 seconds. It is illegal to violate this rule.

(8) Eight-second violation: The attacker must send the ball to the opponent's half within eight seconds. If it cannot be sent to the opponent's frontcourt 8 seconds ago, the referee will judge the opponent to serve and the game will start again.

(9)5 seconds violation: 1. The attacking player must throw the foul ball within 5 seconds; 2. When being closely defended, you must pass, throw or dribble within 5 seconds; 3. When making a free throw, the penalty taker must throw the ball within 5 seconds.

(10) Foul by both sides: Foul by both sides means that two opposing players commit personal fouls on each other almost simultaneously. If both sides commit a foul, each player who commits a foul should be recorded as an individual foul and will not be awarded a penalty, and only the player should be recorded as a foul, not the whole team.

Basketball classic action

(1) back jumper:

Also called? Gradually disappear? .

② air relay: also known as? An air relay? , called a null connection.

(3) standing shot: also known as? Set shooting? .

(4) Sudden stop jump shot: Sudden stop jump shot is a way for the offensive side to get rid of the defensive side by making a sudden stop during the March.

(5) Dreamy footsteps: turn around after one, then pass the ball as if going out, fake a shot before pulling back to the front, and then move the other foot without moving the center of gravity, and move to the basket for layup as if moving forward.

International large-scale basketball events

Large-scale international basketball events include Olympic Basketball Championship, World Basketball Championship, Asian Basketball Championship, American Basketball Championship, European Basketball Championship, African Basketball Championship and Oceania Basketball Championship.