What was the study of the ancients like?

"Ten thousand volumes disappear forever from ancient times to modern times, and a window is faint to send a fleeting time." In their study career with literature as their career and inkstone as their field, the study is not only the starting point for ancient China literati to pursue their official career, but also the way for them to find themselves.

"A hundred schools of thought contend" and "thirty thousand tea makers" are the styles of bibliophiles, but they are usually not used by scholars. With a room, big or small, a desk, a chair, a book and a cup of tea, there is a place to meditate and settle down in daily life, which is a scholar's study.

Today, let's travel through time and space and see the ancient people's study. What is there in the study of the ancients?

1. Plants and flowers. The study is also called "cloud window" and "cloud pavilion" because "the ancients used clouds to collect books. Cloud, vanilla, today people call it Qilixiang. " Plants and flowers are placed in the window, which is fresh and pleasant.

2. fish. Gao Lian in the Ming Dynasty described the environment of the study in Eight Notes on Zunsheng: "There are pine and cypress bonsai in the middle of the window, and one or two orchids are planted around it, which is lush. Next to No.I Xiyan Lake, there is also a basin near the window, where five or seven golden crucian carp are stored for watching cats alive. "

3. Desk and Four Treasures of the Study. In the Song Dynasty, Su Yijian wrote Four Books of the Study, including two volumes of Bi Jing, one volume of Yan Jing, one volume of Paper Jing and five volumes of Mo Jing, which provided a lot of precious materials and was the first book to advocate "Four Treasures of the Study". Therefore, when future generations mention Four Treasures of the Study, they will definitely mention the Four Classics of the Study. This book is also the beginning of the style of study in the early Song Dynasty.

4. Incense burner. In the study of the ancients, there was a permanent incense burner, and the incense lingered, which led people into the meditation of high mountains and flowing water and made them enter a clear and clear realm. According to the report, some good people returned to their homes in the mountains and were released in their study. Whatever the effect, his behavior is really cute. Smoke clouds are the clear rhyme of the study, which cannot be forced. Ancient books and famous paintings, flowers and plants in the four seasons, tea and wine, and laughter all emit smoke.

5. antiques. Scholars love the past, read the books of sages, attach importance to historical experience, reflect on ancient love, and pursue learning pleasure from ancient times to the present. Books and utensils are more interesting as they get older. Original calligraphy and painting, original rubbings and rare books of ancient books are naturally the treasures of the study, and the stationery in the study had better have some ancient meanings. Scholars in Ming and Qing dynasties collected books published in Song and Yuan Dynasties and used old kilns or bronzes, which became an elegant taste.

6. Bookshelves. The study is for people, not books. In fact, it is not a book, but the environment, atmosphere and realm of the book. In addition to the essential books in the study, you can also enrich the bookshelf with some paintings and ink. Sitting alone in the study, or chanting to the sun, or reading by candlelight at night, enjoying a quiet life in the study is a rare happiness in life.

What about those famous study rooms?

Sanbaoshi

Sanxi Hall is located in the West Warm Pavilion in hall of mental cultivation, the Palace Museum, and is the study of the Qing emperor Qianlong.

There are two solutions to "Sanxi"; One said that "scholars are sages, saints are sages, and sages are heaven"; One is called "Three Wishes" (which is the same as "Rare" in ancient Chinese), that is, three rare treasures, which are named after the collection of Wang Xizhi's Notes on Fast Snow, Wang Xianzhi's Notes on Mid-Autumn Festival and Wang Xun's Notes on Yuan Bo.

Sanxi Hall is a small city, but it is solemn, with bright windows and a dignified atmosphere. In several cases, the first one is jade ruyi, and the first one is copper heater. There is a couplet on the wall: "Look forward and look back, confide in your heart", written by Emperor Qianlong. This couplet is natural and simple.

Yue Wei Cao Tang

Yuewei Caotang is the study of Ji Xiaolan, a famous scholar and politician during the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. It is five rooms wide and five purlins deep. According to legend, Ji Xiaolan planted vines in the front yard and begonia in the back yard.

Ji Xiaolan was brilliant. He paid attention to Sikuquanshu all his life, edited and polished it into 200 volumes, and was ordered to create 20 volumes of Sikuquanshu.

Liaozhai

Liaozhai is the study name of Pu Songling, a famous novelist in Qing Dynasty. According to legend, in the study, Pu Songling set up a teahouse to invite people to drink tea, wait for an opportunity to ask some anecdotes, and then process and polish what he heard. The "ambition" is produced (recorded), and the "difference" is of course to show that all your records are anecdotes. Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio was born.

Jingxiang book store

Jingxiang Bookstore was built in memory of the painter in Qing Dynasty and one of the Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou. The bookstore, facing south, is a three-room blue brick house, which is a typical architectural style of Qing Dynasty. The word "Jingxiang Bookstore" under the eaves is taken from the word Jinnong, which is characterized by slender figure, thick horizontal and thin vertical, elegant hook pen and dark ink, just like lacquer ware, so it is called lacquer book. On both sides of the main entrance are couplets written by Zheng Banqiao: "The flying tower is in the sky and a half, in the bamboo forest of the study". In the study, there is a pine-plum woodcarving cover, a desk screen and a vase, a desk with Four Treasures of the Study, a multi-treasure bookshelf with wired ancient books, and a round table with Weiqi, which is antique and memorable.

Xiaoxiang restaurant

Xiaoxiang Pavilion is the residence and study of Lin Daiyu in A Dream of Red Mansions. According to the description in the book, there are "dragons and phoenixes with dense tails" and "three small houses, one bright and two dark, with winding corridors, bamboos hidden and swaying, stones all over the roads, streams gurgling and houses surrounding the steps". Picturesque scenery and Lin Daiyu's personality and talent make Xiaoxiang Pavilion the freshest and most elegant place in the Grand View Garden. Film and television works restore the elegance and tranquility here for us.