Can't I get a haircut in the first month?

The folk proverb "My uncle died in the first month" has been circulating in China for a long time. I remember when I was a child, all the barbershops in my hometown would close for a month until the day when the dragon looked up.

So, what is "the dragon looks up"?

The dragon heads up, that is, the second day of the second lunar month, also known as Spring Farming Festival, Farming Festival, Qinglong Festival and Spring Dragon Festival, is a traditional folk festival in China. "Dragon" refers to the astrology of the Eastern Black Dragon and Seven Nights. At the beginning of mid-spring every year, "Dragon Horn Star" rises from the eastern horizon, so it is called "Dragon Head Up".

The dragon looked up at the beginning of mid-spring, and the five elements of "Mao" belonged to wood, and the divination was "earthquake"; In "92", it means that the dragon has escaped from the latent state and has appeared on the surface of the earth, emerging as a budding elephant. In farming culture, "the dragon looks up" means that the sun is shining, the rain is increasing, everything is full of vitality, and spring ploughing begins.

Therefore, getting a haircut on this day indicates a new beginning.

So, why can't you get a haircut in the first month? Moreover, there is a saying that "my uncle died in the first month"?

Little known is that this proverb, which has been circulating for nearly 370 years, is quoted as follows:

Don't cut your hair for the first month-think old.

This is not a curse about the inevitable connection between haircut and uncle's life safety, but a heartfelt sigh from the Han people who touched the shiny forehead in the early Qing Dynasty.

Before Manchu entered the customs, a large number of Han Chinese were recruited as eagle dogs. Not to mention Fan Wencheng, Ning Wanwo and Bao Chengxian, who were born in the land of Baishan and Blackwater, and Wu Sangui, Hong Chengchou, Shang Kexi and Kong Youde, who surrendered to the Qing Dynasty alone, were all experts in helping the rulers of the Qing Dynasty to expand their territory.

"I have been in the wind and rain for decades, and we are all blind. I have a guide today, I am not happy? "

From Dourgen's confession, we can easily find that the Manchu people's attitude towards the Han people at that time was moderate and even humble. Although the Manchu people in this period have already broken through Shanhaiguan, there are still traitors such as Zhang and Li Zicheng in the west, remnants of the Lao Zhu family in Nanming in the south and Zheng occupying Taiwan Province Province in the southeast. Obviously, the Eight Banners Army, as the only family in the Qing Dynasty, could not quell so many "rebellions", and it still needed the help of the Han people.

Therefore, in a series of oracles issued by the little emperor in the first year of Shunzhi, one was included: "The clothes of civil servants were temporarily made in the Ming Dynasty". However, this "tolerant" attitude has changed its flavor after only one year. As the Qing army defeated Li Zicheng and the Nanming Party swept across the Yangtze River valley, Dourgen issued a "haircut order" through the mouth of the emperor:

"The system of shaving hair has always been, even if it is a uniform, you can listen to yourself. If you want to make a major decision in the world, you can start this system. Today, there is a family at home and abroad, the monarch is still the father, the people are still the son, and the father and son are one. How to violate it? If it is not unified, it will eventually be two hearts. After the spontaneous announcement, the capital is limited to ten days inside and outside, and the provinces and places in Zhili are limited to ten days from the headquarters to Japan. In order to cherish your hair, you will never lend it easily. "

From the word meaning, the imperial edict is full of "humanistic care", such as "one king, one father and one son" and "one family at home and abroad", which makes people feel like spring breeze. As we all know, we can also read similar "goodwill" in the "Glory Slogan of Greater East Asia" posted by the Japanese a few years later. At the end of this paragraph, the word "never take it lightly" is mentioned lightly.

So, what does "no light loan" mean?

Decapitate!

In fact, this "Shaving Hair" has been revised and deleted by historians in the Qing Dynasty. In fact, the whole paragraph can be summarized in ten words: "Leave hair without head, leave hair without head". If you want to keep your head, you have to shave off the hair on the top of your head and tie the miscellaneous hair at the back of your head into a braid. Almost at the same time as the "hair-shaving order" was promulgated, barbers in the streets and alleys were all happy and hung the imperial edict on the hair-shaving pole to warn the people to respond to the call of the Qing court.

So, what will happen to those Han people who refuse to shave their heads?

Jiading was an important town in the south of the Yangtze River in Ming and Qing Dynasties. When "Shaving Hair" was published in this small town, Dong and Yuan Chunyao gathered tens of thousands of soldiers and civilians in Jiading to defend their hairstyles to the death. Faced with this kind of "die-hards" who refused to give in to Manchu orthodoxy, Baylor Luc Dehong naturally went into battle and killed these guys who refused to shave their heads.

Facing the aggressive attack of the Manchu Tatars, the soldiers and civilians in Jiading stood by the solid city wall for many days. Unexpectedly, it rained cats and dogs, just as rebel general Li Chengdong came to help Luck Dehun with a batch of red cannons. In the thunder and gunfire, Jiading city wall collapsed. The Qing army flooded into the city like locusts in autumn and launched a bloody street battle with the rebels.

Street fighting lasts from early morning to dusk. The lower back is an irresistible enemy, and he drowned with his two younger sons. Seeing that the tide had receded, Huang Chunyao hanged himself with white silk. After clearing up the rebels, Li Chengdong, the commander-in-chief of the Ming Dynasty, ordered 20,000 Han compatriots in the city to wield a butcher's knife and kill all the remaining people in the city.

Twenty-two days later, the Qing army met a group of soldiers and civilians who refused to shave their heads in the suburbs. Under the command of Li Chengdong, another massacre began ... On August 16, a similar scene was staged again, and Li Chengdong completed the "miracle" of "Jiading Three Slaughters".

Compared with Jiading, Jiangyin City has a smaller area and a smaller population, and its military status is insignificant. In order to keep their parents' hair, the local people chose Yan Yingyuan, a dirty little official, as the city guard. In the next 8 1 day, Yan Yingyuan and 90,000 Jiangyin people were in trouble, creating a record of 75,000 people killed.

Yan Yingyuan showed the Manchu people the wisdom handed down from his ancestors, and applied the thirty-six strategies to the fullest. The old man in the city volunteered and pretended to surrender with a silver box full of explosives. In a roar, he took a king of the Qing army, three generals of the Qing army, and more than 3,000 Qing troops died. After the Qing army attacked Jiangyin City, Yan Yingyuan, who was seriously injured, threw himself into the river.

After the Qing army fished it out of the river, it stabbed its kneecap, trying to make Yan Yingyuan kneel on the ground. Who knows, Yan Yingyuan used up his last strength to support his body, but he didn't bend his knees until he fell down. After this war, 97,000 soldiers and civilians in Jiangyin were poisoned, and only 53 people hid in the stupa of the temple and escaped the massacre.

The day before Yan Yingyuan's generous death, he wrote a poem on the wall of Jiangyin:

On the 80 th, he showed loyalty to the people of the 17 th Dynasty.

One hundred thousand people jointly guarded the city, three hundred miles away from Daming.

If a man with martial arts can meet the enemy on the battlefield, even if he has to face several times his own powerful strength, he can fight the enemy to the death with the belief of "killing one without losing, killing two" and make a heroic ending.

However, for helpless literati, once captured by the enemy, they can only be humiliated and slaughtered by the enemy.

Although Zuo is an assistant minister of the Ministry of War, he is loyal to the small court of Nanming, so it is really nothing. When the Shaving Order was promulgated, he was sent to Beijing by Nan Ming to negotiate with the Qing court.

After hearing the rumor that "the hair is headless, the hair is headless", Zuo ignored it, but his follower Ai was afraid of death and tied up a braid according to the rules of the Qing court.