The importance of hemodialysis water treatment system

For a long time, the water treatment system has only been regarded as an accessory product of the hemodialysis machine. It does not have much technical content, as long as the water output is large. However, it is not difficult to find from a series of serious casualties caused by excessive substandard chemical agents in water, such as aluminum pollution in Portuguese water treatment products in 1993, chloramine pollution in Spain in 1996, and formaldehyde pollution in Ohio, USA. How important is the safety of handling! During dialysis treatment, 99.3% of the dialysate is water. During dialysis, each patient will undergo 15,000 to 30,000L of water filtration per year. Dialysis patients are directly connected to water, and small mistakes can harm the patient. It is worth noting that since the chance of contact between dialysis water and the patient's blood in hemodialysis is more than 20 times that of the total amount of drinking water, that is to say, if 1000mL of water is taken in every day, the total amount of impurities contained in the safe upper limit is the same as that of hemodialysis. Compared with the total amount of impurities entering the patient's body at that time, the latter may be 10 to 25 times the former. Drinking water, on the other hand, always reaches the bloodstream through absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. When drinking water is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, the cell membrane can selectively absorb it, thereby changing the proportion of chemical components in the water. During hemodialysis, water diffuses into the blood through a non-biological membrane (artificial membrane), and the dialysis membrane cannot selectively absorb or reject certain ions. In this way, substances contained in the dialysate can enter the blood as long as their molecular size is suitable for passing through the dialysis membrane. As a result, water used for drinking may be harmless, but water used as dialysate may be toxic.