Introduction to tunnel construction safety management regulations?

Speaking of tunnel construction safety management regulations, what are the tunnel construction safety management regulations and what is the basic overview? The editor of Zhongda Consulting compiled the basic contents of tunnel construction regulations as follows:

Zhongda Consulting compiled the knowledge from the construction knowledge column of this website and the basic contents of tunnel construction safety management regulations are as follows:

Zhongda Consulting has sorted out the relevant content and found that the basic requirements for construction safety management in the tunnel construction safety management regulations are as follows:

General provisions

a) The construction contractor should make detailed inspections of the construction site Deployment and placement, the ballast discharging, feeding and material storage sites should be properly arranged. The ballast disposal site should be set up in an area that does not block the river or pollute the environment, and on-site protection works should be done well. Make unified arrangements for wind, water, electricity, road and other facilities, and complete them before the initial tunnel construction;

b) The construction contractor should complete the tunnel entrance project before entering the tunnel and stabilize the edges of the tunnel entrance. On slopes and inclines, drainage facilities such as gutters and side ditches should be well constructed to ensure that surface water does not endanger the construction safety of the tunnel;

c) A complete handover system should be established between each team of the construction contractor , and record construction, safety, etc. conditions in the shift handover record book. The person in charge of the construction site duty should carefully check the handover situation;

d) All construction contractor personnel entering the tunnel construction site must wear safety protective equipment in accordance with regulations, abide by rules and disciplines, and obey instructions;

e) When constructing in unfavorable geological areas, the construction contractor should proceed steadily in accordance with the principles of water control first, short excavation, weak blasting, roof protection first, strong support, and early lining. If there are unfavorable geological conditions specified in the design documents, advance drilling should be carried out to ascertain the situation and take preventive measures;

f) When there are rural roads or buildings in the entrance and exit sections of the tunnel, the construction contractor shall Business owners must protect highways and buildings, and conduct settlement observations and records regularly. If any abnormalities are found, reinforcement measures must be taken promptly to ensure the safety of highway vehicles, pedestrians, and existing buildings.

a) The opening and drainage system set up by the construction contractor should meet the design requirements, and the drainage system should be smooth and free of water;

b) The introduction and construction of the construction road by the construction contractor The leveling of the site should reduce damage to the original landform and the impact on the stability of the rock mass at the entrance;

c) When there are buildings (structures) near the entrance, the construction contractor should use controlled blasting technology for excavation and blasting , and monitor the vibration speed, and its value should comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Blasting Safety Regulations" GB6722;

d) The construction contractor should promptly perform construction work on the gutter beside the entrance and above the slope, and Earthen gutters should be built as they are dug to prevent water from scouring the slope surface.

a) Before tunnel excavation, the construction contractor should prepare a special technical plan for excavation, which should include excavation methods, technological processes, safety technical measures, etc.;

b) The tunnel excavation method formulated by the construction contractor should be appropriately adjusted during the construction process according to changes in geological conditions, section size, construction equipment, construction period and other conditions;

c) The construction contractor uses drilling During explosive excavation, the design requirements should be met, the cyclic footage should be controlled, the disturbance to the surrounding rock should be reduced, and the initial support, lining structure and construction equipment should not be damaged;

d) The construction contractor shall carry out two-way tunneling When the excavation is close to the penetration surface, the construction at both ends should strengthen contact and unified command. When the distance between the two excavation working surfaces of the tunnel is close to 15m, measures must be taken to stop excavation at one end and evacuate personnel and machinery at the other end. At the same time, Set up warning signs prohibiting entry at a safe distance;

e) When the construction contractor uses the drill and blast method to excavate, the impact of blasting vibration and noise on the surrounding environment should be considered, and measures should be taken to reduce vibration and noise. Technical measures;

f) The construction contractor’s tunnel roofing operation must be carried out after ventilation, and must be directed by a dedicated person. The lighting should have sufficient illumination; safety confirmation must be carried out after roofing, and other operations must be completed after passing the inspection. Only personnel can enter the excavation working face;

g) Before the next cycle of excavation, the construction contractor must check the design, check the initial support implementation, and ensure the safety of the construction operating environment; < /p>

h) The construction contractor’s personnel entering and exiting the tunnel must apply for a restricted space operation permit and register it.

Blasting operations

a) The construction contractor’s blasting operations in the cave must be under unified command, and have professional blasters who have received professional training and hold blasting operation qualification certificates to carry out blasting When evacuating, everyone should evacuate to a location that is not damaged by gas, vibration and flying rocks; the safe distance is:

1) Independent tunnel is not less than 200m;

2) Full section When excavation for deep hole blasting (hole depth 3 to 5m), the distance shall not be less than 500m.

b) When the construction contractor is within 200m of the two excavation surfaces, the blasting must be notified one hour in advance so that the workers at the other end can evacuate the danger area;

c) Construction Contracting The commercial blasting equipment processing room should be located in a safe place 50m away from the opening. It is strictly prohibited to modify and process blasting equipment in places other than the processing room;

d) The number of blasts fired by the construction contractor in the hole every day should be clearly specified, and the time between charging and blasting should not be too long. Parallel operations are not suitable, and blasting operations and blasting equipment processing personnel are strictly prohibited from wearing chemical fiber clothing;

e) Before charging, the construction contractor should check whether the support near the blasting working surface is firm, and the mud and stone powder in the blasthole should be Blow clean; the heat of the newly drilled blast hole is too high and the charge should not be charged immediately. If there is insufficient lighting, it is found that the quicksand and mud have not been properly treated, or there may be a large amount of water gushing out of the cave, it is strictly prohibited to blast with explosives;

f) The construction contractor shall not use black powder for blasting in the cave;< /p>

g) The construction contractor is strictly prohibited from igniting open flames when performing spark detonation. The length of the fuse should ensure that personnel can evacuate to a safe location after lighting the fuse, but it should not be shorter than 1.2m. A blaster should not ignite more than 5 sticks at a time. If one person lights more than 5 guns or multiple people light the guns, the timing fuse should be lit first, and the length of the timing fuse shall not exceed 1/3 of the length of the shortest fuse among the fuses to be lit. After the fuse is burned, regardless of whether the fuse is lit or not, all blasters must evacuate the working surface;

h) In order to prevent lighting interruption during lighting, the blasting personnel of the construction contractor should carry Flashlight, it is strictly prohibited to use open flame for lighting;

i) When the construction contractor uses electric detonators for blasting, it must be carried out in accordance with the relevant provisions of the country's current "Blasting Safety Regulations" (GB6722-86), and the holes should be strengthened. Internal power management to prevent leakage and explosion. Floodlights and miner's lamps can be used for lighting when charging. The main detonation wire should be installed in the air, and the distance from various conductors must be greater than 1m;

j) After blasting, 15 minutes of ventilation and smoke exhaustion must be allowed before the construction contractor's inspectors can enter the working surface to check whether there are any There are no "blind guns" or suspicious phenomena, whether there are any residual explosives or detonators, whether there are loose stones on both sides of the roof, and whether there is any damage or deformation of the supports. When a "blind gun" is discovered, it must be handled by the original explosives personnel in accordance with regulations. After proper handling and confirmation, the alert can be lifted and other construction workers can be allowed to enter the working surface;

k) The construction contractor should use wooden cannon sticks to charge the cannon. Fire is strictly prohibited. Machinery and tools should be evacuated to a safe location;

L) When the two working surfaces are close to being connected, the construction contractor should strengthen contact at both ends and provide unified command. When the excavation distance between the two ends of the excavation surface remains 8 times the circular footage, or approaches 15m, work at one end should be stopped and personnel and machinery should be removed. And set up warning signs at a safe distance to prevent people from straying into the danger zone;

m) When a soil or rock broken tunnel is close to penetration, the construction contractor should appropriately increase the safety reserved for penetration according to the lithology. At this time, only one end is allowed to excavate, and the personnel and machinery at the other end should be evacuated to a safe location. The guide pit after penetration should be supervised by dedicated personnel, and non-construction personnel are strictly prohibited from passing through;

n) Transportation of blasting equipment

1) When the construction contractor transports blasting equipment outside the tunnel project, The "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Explosives for Civilian Use" should be complied with;

2) For construction contractors, under any circumstances, detonators and explosives must be placed in covered containers and transported separately. During manual transportation, detonators and explosives shall not be transported by one person at the same time.

When transported by car, detonators and explosives must be transported in two separate vehicles, and the distance between them should be more than 50m; when transported by rail vehicles, detonators and explosives should not be transported on the same train. If they must be transported on the same train, the detonators and explosives must be transported on the same train. Vehicles carrying detonators and explosives must be separated by three empty carriages;

3) When the construction contractor uses manpower to transport blasting equipment, it must be escorted by a dedicated person and should be delivered directly to the construction site without stopping on the way; one person The quantity of explosives transported at one time shall not exceed 20kg or one box of original packaging;

4) When transporting blasting equipment by car, a fireproof cover should be installed at the exhaust port of the car, and a red light should be displayed during operation. The equipment must be escorted by dedicated blasters, and other personnel are strictly prohibited from riding. The loading height of blasting equipment shall not exceed the edge of the carriage, and the loading height of detonators or nitroglycerin explosives shall not exceed the second floor;

5) Construction contractors are strictly prohibited from using dump trucks, dump trucks, trailers, tractors, and motorized tricycles , human tricycles, bicycles, motorcycles, etc. to transport blasting equipment.

a) The construction contractor should carry out ventilation, lighting, roofing and other work in a timely manner after tunnel blasting, and only after confirming that the safety of the working surface and ventilation and lighting meet the requirements can the ballast installation work be carried out;

b) The construction contractor's ballast loading operations should specify the operating area, and non-operators are strictly prohibited from entering;

c) The construction contractor's ballast loading and unloading operations should be directed by dedicated personnel, and the work site The lighting should meet the needs of workers for safe operation;

d) The space of the tunnel construction transportation route must meet the minimum driving limit requirements, and signals should be set at the entrance, equipment, facilities, etc. according to different transportation modes. and signs to warn;

e) The construction contractor’s transportation vehicles are not allowed to be overloaded, over-width and over-height, and people and goods are not allowed to be mixed. While the vehicle is driving, you should always observe whether there are any obstacles on the line and whether other facilities, equipment, temporary supports, etc. in the cave have intruded into the boundaries. Transport lines or roads should be kept smooth and smooth, and dedicated personnel should be assigned to carry out repairs and maintenance in accordance with the requirements stipulated in the standards. Debris and debris on both sides of the line or road should be removed at any time;

f) People entering and exiting the tunnel must walk on the sidewalk and are not allowed to compete with machinery. It is strictly prohibited to pick up cars, chase cars or force rides.

a) The electricity used by the construction contractor at the tunnel support construction working surface should meet the requirements for temporary electricity use, and its lighting should meet the needs of safe operations;

b) The construction contractor should Before each process of tunnel support construction, the working surface should be inspected and loose rocks and shotcrete blocks should be removed;

c) The construction contractor's tunnel support must be based on initial spraying → erection of steel frames (steel bars) Net), anchor → re-spraying procedure construction. After blasting and roofing, the surrounding rock should be sealed with initial spraying of concrete immediately;

d) The quality of tunnel support construction must meet the requirements of relevant standards. The construction contractor's advanced support should be carried out after completing the reinforcement of the excavation working surface, and there should be sufficient overlap length between each cycle to effectively connect with the initial support;

e) Tunnels with special geological conditions , the construction contractor should adopt advanced support, pre-reinforcement treatment plans and safety measures according to the specific geological conditions;

f) The construction contractor’s safety personnel should perform construction according to the design and process flow, and be responsible for the safety of each process Inspection, safety inspection should be carried out for every support operation.

a) The electricity used by the construction contractor during lining construction operations should meet the requirements for temporary electricity use, and its lighting should meet the needs of safe operations;

b) Tunnel construction in general sections Lining should be carried out after the deformation of the surrounding rock and initial support has stabilized. The construction contractor should perform lining as early as possible in tunnels and opening sections in special areas such as shallow burial, partial pressure, loose and broken surrounding rock;

c) In areas with weak, broken, high ground stress, and large deformation surrounding rock, the construction contractor should carry out the invert work in time with the excavation to form a closed ring as soon as possible and precede the wall arch lining.

At the same time, the distance from the excavation and lining working surface should be reasonably determined;

d) When the construction contractor performs lining operations, the platform should have sufficient strength, stiffness and stability, and the lining trolley and platform After assembly and debugging is completed, it must be inspected and accepted before it can be put into use;

e) The construction contractor should arrange for a special person to direct the movement of the lining work bench, and the movement should be slow. Non-operators and non-operators are strictly prohibited in the work area. Vehicles are allowed to pass and stay; non-operating personnel, equipment, materials, tools, etc. should be evacuated to safe locations;

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