How did the Communist Party of China implement the mass line during the Jinggangshan revolutionary struggle?

Basic premise: Closely rely on the people

The people are the creators of history, the source of the party's strength and the foundation of victory. When the party was born, it was recognized that "all the party's movements must go deep into the broad masses" and "the future fate of China's revolutionary movement depends entirely on whether the Chinese Communist Party can organize the masses." Relying on the people is the foundation for the Communists to settle down during the struggle in Jinggangshan.

The struggle in Jinggangshan is a life-and-death battle between revolution and counter-revolution, which is destined to be difficult and difficult. In the grim situation of white terror, the party realized from the moment it set foot on Jinggangshan that the armed separatism of workers and peasants should be a "separatist regime of the masses" because "the separatist regime of the masses is based on the needs of the masses themselves, and the masses are armed to drive them away" The enemy manages all major and minor events in the area by himself. Such a separatist regime cannot be eliminated by the enemy." "The purpose of the Red Army is civil rights revolution" and "The success of the revolution lies in the people." This is the four-character declaration in the "Red Army Fourth Army Headquarters Proclamation". It has undoubtedly become a vivid statement that the party must take root deeply in the fertile soil of the people. declare.

In order to mobilize the people, Mao Zedong led his troops to visit the poor from village to house, conduct social surveys among the masses, and completed two systematic survey reports, the "Yongxin Survey" and the "Ninggang Survey". A comprehensive and in-depth analysis and thinking was conducted on the revolutionary struggles, economic life, land distribution, etc. of the local people. In order to do a good job in mass work, the party formulated the policy of "dividing the troops to mobilize the masses and concentrating to deal with the enemy", emphasizing that the Red Army does not fight simply for the sake of fighting, "but to promote the masses, organize the masses, arm the masses, and help the masses build Only the revolutionary regime goes to war", otherwise "the meaning of the existence of the Red Army will be lost."

The power of the people is great. During the turbulent years of the struggle in Jinggangshan, the masses of the people nurtured the revolution, and the party and the people wrote the immortal chapter of "already tightening the barriers, but becoming more united".

Basic position: wholeheartedly seeking the interests of the people

Marx and Engels pointed out in the "Communist Manifesto": "All movements in the past were for the minority or for the minority. The movement of the proletariat is an independent movement that seeks the interests of the overwhelming majority of the people.” This means that seeking the interests of the overwhelming majority of the people is the responsibility of the proletarian party and all exploiting class parties. Fundamental difference.

During the Jinggangshan struggle, farmers were the majority of the people. The core of farmers' problems is the land issue. Mao Zedong and other communists promulgated the "Jinggangshan Land Law" in the name of the Hunan-Kiangxi Border Workers', Peasants' and Soldiers' Soviet Government on the basis of investigation and mobilization of the masses, which for the first time legally affirmed farmers' right to allocate land, stipulating that All land confiscated will be owned by the Soviet government and distributed in three ways: individual farming by farmers, collective farming by farmers, and model farm farming organized by the Soviet government. The in-depth development of the agrarian revolution has enabled the majority of farmers to obtain the land they dream of, liberating the productive forces of rural society and further stimulating the revolutionary enthusiasm of the masses.

In addition to solving the farmers' land problem from the fundamental interests, the party also takes all the people's concerns and needs at heart and takes various effective measures to effectively solve the suffering and difficulties in the people's daily lives. In order to break the Kuomintang's economic blockade, the border government set up public sales offices, public stores, and opened red polders to promote the exchange of materials within the base area and meet the supply of daily necessities for the people; in order to protect the legitimate operations of small and medium-sized businessmen, all exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous taxes were cancelled. To activate the economy of the base area; to solve the special shortage of "salt" on the border, launch a mass nitrate salt campaign; to solve the problem of lack of labor among the masses, organize government workers and officers and soldiers to help farmers sow and harvest during busy farming periods, etc. . It is precisely when the issues of greatest concern, direct and practical interest are resolved that the masses "truly surround us and support us enthusiastically."

Effective path: focus on the guidance and education of the masses

Compared with the proletarian vanguard, the masses are spontaneous and backward. The proletarian party must go in front of the masses, guide and educate them.

When the Party led the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army to Jinggangshan for the first time, the masses were unfamiliar with the sudden anti-imperialist and anti-feudal revolution and lacked understanding of the Party's principles and policies. In addition, the enemy tried their best to distort and slander reports, so they had no confidence in the Party and the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army. There is a kind of fear. In order to stimulate the revolutionary enthusiasm of the masses, the party proposed "holding leaflets in the left hand and bullets in the right hand" to let the masses understand that the Communist Party is a proletarian party that seeks the interests of the working people and that the Soviet government is the government of the workers and peasants themselves. In terms of propaganda methods, we are good at using forms that are popular with the masses to carry out in-depth and detailed ideological mobilization, such as printing and posting various notices, declarations, leaflets, slogans, etc. to explain revolutionary theories, and using family gatherings, temple fairs, market places, etc. to carry out propaganda and agitation. Use dramas, songs, pictures and other means to vividly and vividly disseminate the ideas of the party and the Soviet government, etc.

In order to enhance the political consciousness of the masses, the leading comrades of the Party in the base areas took the lead in carrying out in-depth mass work to help the masses resolve their doubts. For example, in response to the varying degrees of pessimism among the military and civilians in Jinggangshan about "how long will the red flag be raised?" Mao Zedong combined the basic principles of Marxism with the specific realities of the Chinese revolution and revealed the objective law that "a single spark will start a prairie fire." , which strengthened the revolutionary beliefs of the people in the base area.

The effect of guidance and education is obvious. The broad masses of the masses "slowly rose up after propaganda" and threw themselves into the torrent of revolution. Following the party's pace, they became the main force against imperialism and feudalism. As Mao Zedong wrote in his letter to the Central Committee: "In Under the future circumstances, no party can compete with the Communist Party to win the masses.”

Important guarantee: Communist Party members will take the lead in setting an example and play a vanguard and exemplary role

Jinggangshan. During the struggle, the party always focused on self-construction, always maintained the party's advanced nature, and gave full play to the vanguard and exemplary role of Communist Party members. This is an important guarantee for winning the trust and support of the people.

On the way to Jinggangshan, Mao Zedong presided over the reorganization of the army in Sanwan Village, Yongxin County, and established party organizations at all levels. Party groups were established in squads and platoons, party branches were established in companies, and party committees were established in battalions and regiments. Party representatives serve as secretaries of party organizations at all levels, and the entire army is under the jurisdiction of the front committee. "Branches are built on companies" is the core of Sanwan's reorganization. Each company actively cultivates and develops new party members by establishing party branches, so that the party can quickly take root in the army. "The branch is built on the company" has truly strengthened the connection between party members and the soldiers, making the party's political soul ubiquitous in the army. The vanguard and exemplary role of party members among the soldiers has been highlighted. The army has taken on a new look, with cohesion, cohesion, and Combat effectiveness has increased unprecedentedly.

After the party led the people's army to establish a revolutionary base area in Jinggangshan, the Kuomintang reactionaries implemented a brutal economic blockade. The struggle and life of the soldiers and civilians in the base area were in extreme difficulties. In the harsh environment of scarcity of materials and frequent battles, Communists took the lead in setting an example and setting an example, sharing weal and woe with the vast number of soldiers and civilians. At that time, the red ballad "Red Rice, Pumpkin Soup" was widely circulated. This was not only a true portrayal of the life of the military and civilians in Jinggangshan at that time, but also an artistic display of the fine style of Mao Zedong and other older generation proletarian revolutionaries who practiced it and were consistent from top to bottom. It is this fine style that has enabled our party to win the heartfelt support of the broad masses of the people and thus have the most extensive, reliable and solid source of strength.

During the Jinggangshan struggle, the Chinese Communists worked hard to practice the mass line, which laid a solid mass foundation for the development of the revolutionary cause. Under the new historical conditions, we must keep in mind the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly, conscientiously organize and carry out the party's mass line education and practice activities, always maintain flesh-and-blood ties with the people, and build momentum for the realization of the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Unstoppable majestic power.