Is Lhasa a prefecture-level or sub-provincial level?

1. Administrative Division of Lhasa Tibet was peacefully liberated in 1951, and democratic reform was implemented in 1959, which opened a new era of socialist construction in Tibet's history. Lhasa was formally established in 196, and now it is a prefecture-level city, which governs seven counties and one district, namely Chengguan District, Duilong Deqing, Qushui, Nimu, Dangxiong, Dazi, Mozhugongka and Linzhou, with a span of 277 kilometers from east to west and 22 kilometers from north to south, with a total area of 3, square kilometers and a built-up urban area of 54 square kilometers. The total population is more than 521,5 (including floating population), including 257,4 in urban areas (1,7 floating population) and 264,1 in agricultural and pastoral areas. There are 31 ethnic groups in the city, including Tibetans, Han and Hui, and the population of Tibetans and other ethnic minorities accounts for more than 9%. Lhasa has always been the political, economic and cultural center and transportation hub of Tibet, and it is also a holy place of Tibetan Buddhism. In the long historical process, it has experienced the baptism of civilization and the heyday and continuation of culture, and accumulated and precipitated rich achievements of civilization and cultural heritage. It is famous for its beautiful scenery, long history, splendid culture, unique customs and people's feelings, numerous places of interest and strong religious color. It is one of the first 24 historical and cultural cities in the State Council and one of the excellent tourist cities in China.

at present, according to the strategy of "expanding eastward and westward and developing across the Lhasa River", the built-up area of Lhasa is constantly expanding, and the construction of three new areas, namely Dongcheng District, Liuwu New Area and National Economic and Technological Development Zone, has been fully started. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway will be completed in 26 and officially opened to traffic in 27. By then, the scale of Lhasa's city and population will be further expanded.

2. Lhasa economy

(1) The comprehensive economic strength of the whole city has been enhanced. Since the 199s, Lhasa's national economy has been growing rapidly and healthily with an average annual double-digit rate. In 23, the GDP reached 6.424 billion yuan, more than double that of 1997, accounting for one third of the region's GDP, and the per capita GDP reached 11, yuan, .9 times higher than the regional average. The local fiscal revenue reached 245 million yuan, with an average annual increase of 11.46%. The scale of investment in fixed assets has been expanding. Since 1994, Lhasa has actively strived for state investment and tried to stimulate private investment. The scale of investment has been from small to large, the number of projects has been from small to large, the scope of implementation has been expanded from point to area, and the implementation location has been expanded from cities to agricultural and pastoral areas. A number of projects on agriculture and animal husbandry, ecological environment protection, municipal facilities, transportation and energy, education, culture, health, public security and public security, and the construction of grass-roots political power in towns and villages have been built, and the accumulated investment in municipal fixed assets has reached 5.13 billion It has accepted 62 aid projects with a total amount of more than 5, yuan from Beijing and Jiangsu provinces, and the total amount of aid funds and materials has reached more than 5 million yuan, focusing on improving the very weak basic conditions in the national economy, and the contribution rate of investment to the economic growth of our city has reached more than 6%. In 23, there were 16 construction projects in the city, of which 62 of 96 key projects were completed, and the fixed assets investment of the whole society reached 8 billion yuan, the municipal investment reached 2 billion yuan, and the private investment reached 41 million yuan.

(2) structural adjustment was intensified, the economic structure was further optimized, and economic benefits were improved. In 23, the proportion of three industries was 9.96:23.89:66.15, which initially formed four patterns: urban economy, suburban modern agricultural economy, industrial base and agricultural product supply base. Since 1988, agricultural and animal husbandry production has been bumper harvest for 16 consecutive years. In 2, a historic turning point was achieved in the basic self-sufficiency of grain, oil and meat. The problem of food and clothing for the vast majority of people was basically solved, and some people reached a well-off living standard. In 23, the total output of grain and oil reached 367 million Jin, an increase of more than 7 times compared with 1959; There are 1.7 million livestock (only one), an increase of 85% compared with 1959. The adjustment of agricultural and animal husbandry industrial structure has been steadily advanced, forming suburban agricultural and animal husbandry industrial belt, valley animal husbandry industrial belt and agricultural product processing industrial area. Thirteen leading agricultural enterprises, such as Tibetan medicine, yak bone meal, dairy products, highland barley wine and highland barley cereal, have been cultivated, which has expanded the scale of contracted agriculture and further developed characteristic products and industrialized operation. In 23, the total output value of agriculture and animal husbandry in the city was 431 million yuan, the output value of township enterprises was 55 million yuan, and the income from diversified operations was 299 million yuan. Lhasa has modern industries such as electric power, minerals, textiles, building materials, Tibetan medicine, food, printing, beverages, leather, etc. A modern industrial system with Lhasa characteristics has been formed and gradually developed. Since the reform and opening up, with the establishment of a modern enterprise system as the goal and the reform of property rights system as the breakthrough, the reform of state-owned enterprises' assets reorganization and shareholding system reform has been promoted, and the "three two" goals of state-owned enterprises' reform and extricating themselves from difficulties have been basically realized, and the overall management level, operating efficiency and market competitiveness of state-owned enterprises have been significantly improved. In 23, the sales revenue was 498 million yuan, an increase of 23.5%, and the net profit was 26.81 million yuan. Pillar industries and characteristic industries such as tourism, commerce and trade, minerals, building materials, Tibetan medicine, plateau-specific creatures and green food (beverage) development, and real estate have begun to take shape. The degree of marketization has improved, the commodity market system has been basically established, the factor market is developing, and the basic role of the market in resource allocation has been continuously enhanced, basically forming a diversified economic structure in which multiple ownership economies with public ownership as the main body develop together. At present, there are 47 large-scale markets in Lhasa, with more than 1 commercial outlets per 1, people. Emerging industries such as finance, insurance, real estate, information consulting and social services are developing rapidly. The non-public economy has become an important part of the economic development of our city. By 23, there were 512 private enterprises registered in our city with a registered capital of 39 million yuan. The number of individual industrial and commercial households reached 18,395, with a registered capital of 286 million yuan. The non-public sector of the economy employed 35,899 people, and the tax payment accounted for 76.67% of the city's total tax revenue. In 23, the city's total retail sales of social consumer goods reached 2.8 billion yuan. With the growth of income, the growth rate of urban residents' consumption expenditure increased. In 23, per capita consumption expenditure accounted for more than 35% of income, which effectively boosted economic growth.

(3) carrying out reform and opening wider to the outside world has initially established the basic framework of the socialist market economic system. In accordance with the general requirements of "consistency with the national framework and system convergence" and the principle of "active and steady, step by step and appropriate flexibility", the system reform in the fields of planning, investment, finance and taxation, price, grain circulation and finance has been carried out simultaneously with the whole country, gradually breaking the institutional obstacles of the planned economy and realizing the profound transformation from the planned economy to the market economy. A distribution system of "distribution according to work and coexistence of various modes of distribution" has been initially formed, which has promoted the housing system from physical distribution to commercialization and monetization. The pension, unemployment and medical insurance systems adapted to the socialist market economic system have been established, and the "three social security lines" have been established, and the minimum living security for urban residents has basically been guaranteed. The basic pension for retired employees of enterprises has been socialized, and all registered laid-off employees have been re-employed. Great strides have been made in the transformation of government functions, from planning instructions to macro-control, from administrative orders to the use of economic and legal means, from examination and approval to service-oriented, and some progress has been made in establishing a clean, efficient and pragmatic government management mechanism, which has increased external publicity and enhanced Lhasa's visibility and attractiveness. The communication, exchange and cooperation with domestic and foreign countries in economy, science and technology, talents and culture have been strengthened, and counterpart assistance from Beijing and Jiangsu has been continuously developed in depth, and various forms of investment promotion activities have been carried out. In recent years, more and more economic organizations and individuals have come to Lhasa for investment, business and tourism. More than 1 foreign provinces and cities have set up various liaison offices in our city, with more than 1, migrant workers, and 115 foreign enterprises have settled in our city. Since 1998, our city has introduced 66 projects through attracting investment, with an investment of 785 million yuan and an output value of nearly 8 million yuan. With the start of the national Lhasa Economic and Technological Development Zone and Liuwu New District, it will become a strong driving force and a new economic growth point for our city to expand its opening up, attract investment and cultivate industries. With the development of friendly relations between China and its neighboring countries, Lhasa will become an important opening window for the southwest of China to foreign economic, trade, technical cooperation and cultural exchanges in the South Asian subcontinent.

(4) people's living standards and quality have been improved. From 1993 to 23, the per capita disposable income of urban residents in our city increased by 1.8% annually, and the per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen increased by 14.5% annually. In 23, the per capita disposable income of urban residents reached 8,61 yuan, of which the expenditure on medical care, education, housing, equipment, supplies and services increased significantly. The per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen reached 2,18 yuan, and the labor export was more than 79,8 people (times), and the labor income was 91.7 million yuan. Farmers and herdsmen have medical expenses per capita in 32 yuan, and farmers and herdsmen in Chengguan District reach 44 yuan. There are 53 nursing homes in the city, including counties and districts. At present, there are 351 widowed elderly people living happily in nursing homes. In 2, the first SOS Children's Village was opened in our city, and 11 orphans were adopted and rescued. From the implementation of the "Eighth Five-Year Plan" to 22, the city has implemented 137 poverty alleviation and development projects, and relocated 632 poor farmers and herdsmen with 4143 people in different places. In 23, it invested 17 million yuan to build 9 new rural roads. Solved the drinking water problem of 49 thousand people and 32 thousand livestock; Seventeen poverty alleviation projects were implemented, and 97 households with 535 people were relocated for poverty alleviation, and 161 households with 897 people were relocated for Kaschin-Beck disease. At present, the relocation of 457 households with Kaschin-Beck disease in Nimu County and the renovation of rural houses along the national highway have also been fully started, and efforts will be made to complete them before Daqing next year. 3,514 people were employed through various channels, and the registered unemployment rate in cities and towns was 3.8%.

(5) All social undertakings have made overall progress. At present, there are 62 primary and secondary schools in Lhasa, with more than 7, students, 45 times that of 1951. The enrollment rate of school-age children has increased from less than 2% in 1951 to over 98%, and the illiteracy rate of young and middle-aged people has dropped by 5 percentage points compared with that before peaceful liberation. In 22-23, we took the lead in achieving the goals of "universal six" and "universal nine" in the whole region, and basically eliminated illiteracy among young people. The city's medical and health institutions are sound, and a comprehensive medical and epidemic prevention health care system has basically taken shape. The cooperative medical system has been implemented in agricultural and pastoral areas, achieving the goal of primary health care for all. The average immunization coverage rate has reached over 98%, and the average life expectancy has been extended from 36 to 67 years. From scratch, the radio and television industry grew from small to large. In 2, the "village-to-village coverage" project of radio and television in agricultural and pastoral areas was completed, and 248 cultural centers, stations and rooms in counties, townships and villages were built, and 23 radio and television stations of various types were built, and 18 stations were rebuilt and expanded. The radio coverage rate reached 9.7% and the TV coverage rate reached 92.75%, which greatly enriched the spiritual life of the people. Lhasa has been rated as a national model city with double support for three consecutive times, and in 22, it was rated as an advanced urban area for the creation of spiritual civilization in China.

(6) The masses fully enjoy the right of religious belief. Both religious and non-religious people are protected by law, and the religious beliefs of religious people are fully respected and protected. There are 26 places for religious activities in the city, including 258 Tibetan Buddhist temples, 2 Islamic mosques and 6,657 monks and nuns. There are places for religious activities in all counties, townships and villages. Since 198, the main traditional religious activities and festivals in various temples have been gradually restored, and since 1995, many traditional religious festivals have been restored, which have been welcomed by the majority of monks and nuns and religious believers.

(7) The system of regional ethnic autonomy has been fully and correctly implemented. The state practices a system of regional ethnic autonomy in Tibet. According to the Constitution and the Law on Regional Ethnic Autonomy, people of all ethnic groups in Tibet have the right to vote and stand for election at the age of 18, and they can exercise their rights and manage their own ethnic affairs through democratically elected representatives. The people of all ethnic groups have the right to use their own languages and scripts. All primary and secondary schools teach in Tibetan and Chinese. At present, the laws, regulations, decisions, resolutions and notices issued by the government in Lhasa are in Tibetan and Chinese, and newspapers, radio and television are in Tibetan and Chinese. Since the peaceful liberation, Lhasa has formed a cadre team with Tibetan cadres as the main body. Tibetan and other ethnic minority cadres account for more than 8% of the total number of cadres in the city. Among the cadres at or above the county level, Tibetan and other ethnic minority cadres account for 65.4%, and among the municipal leaders, Tibetan cadres account for 67.4%. Among them, the main leaders of the municipal party committee, the people's congress, the government and the CPPCC are all Tibetan cadres. Among the deputies to previous people's congresses, Tibetans and other ethnic minorities accounted for more than 8%.