Who is the representative poet of Pu poetry?

Jiang Guangci is the representative of this school of poetry.

Jiang Guangci called himself Xia Sheng, "That's why I call myself 'Xia Sheng', and I will definitely become a knight in the future and kill all these corrupt officials." During the Beiyang warlord government, he was angry and wanted to be a monk, so he changed his name to "a chivalrous monk". "If I become a monk, I will still be a chivalrous man and kill people."

In Shanghai, Jiang Guangci entered the "Foreign Language Society" run by Communist International to study Russian, and then went to Moscow to study at the Oriental Communist Labor University with Liu Shaoqi and Ren Bishi. In 1922, he became a member of the Communist Party of China from the Socialist Youth League, and signed his name Jiang Guangchi for the first time to show his leaning towards revolution.

In 1924, Jiang Guangchi returned to China after three years in the Soviet Union, and immediately began to loudly advocate proletarian revolutionary literature in the literary world. In 1925, his collection of poems "New Dream" was published. Qian Xingcun commented on it, "China's first collection of revolutionary poems" and "can be said to be the founder of Chinese revolutionary literature." Qian Xingcun made the comment when he was less than 20 years old. Today, his comment has become the most frequently quoted conclusion in the history of literature.

Jiang Guangchi’s poetry is completely interpretive. In his poems, the ideologies of angry youth, petty bourgeoisie and communism are combined. He writes that light is all beautiful and fresh. "Bright red flowers, delicate green willows." ("Doubt in a Dream") Red Army soldiers "put down the gun and pick up the hoe; they gained freedom from the gun, and cultivated this freedom from the hoe." ("A Soldier Retired from the Red Army and Returned to Farming")

Compared with poetry, his novels are less artistic. He offers popular literature, but with a hopelessly bourgeois sentiment. The poor etiquette of poor writers, as commented by contemporary readers, is "drinking 'Shanghai coffee' and promoting popular literature." His revolutionary novel was published and almost no one among the revolutionaries read it.

Chen Duxiu turned over "Young Wanderer" and said: "Even if it is a hot day, my hair tubes are still standing up." Qu Qiubai sighed: "This man has no genius."

But China at that time was a society undergoing drastic changes. Within two or three years, Jiang Guangci changed his mind. After the failure of the Great Revolution in 1927, Proletarian literature took over the mainstream of the literary world. "The Moon Breaks Out of the Clouds", written by Jiang Guangci when he was traveling to Japan for treatment of lung disease in 1929, was reprinted six times in the year of publication alone.

In order to make money, bookstore owners often reprint and reprint Jiang Guangci’s old works. For example, "Young Wanderer" was changed to "A Long Letter", "On the Yalu River" was changed to "Li Menghan and Yun Gu", etc. This is still similar to the contemporary publishing situation. History often repeats itself in these details. Although it is clumsy, it works.

Chinese society is a country of religious traditions. The public does not have much determination and cognitive ability, and is always affected by the atmosphere of the times. Once the frustration after the failure of the Revolution dominated the minds of young people, such cathartic works became a comfort to readers.

Jiang Guangci was like a clumsy quack doctor who accidentally opened the hearts of the Chinese youth at that time. Revolution, love, ideals, etc. became the main elements in his novels.

In May 1930, "Pioneers" edited by Jiang Guangci was banned by the authorities, and his lung disease worsened at the same time. He moved to the French Concession in Shanghai to recuperate. Every morning, after drinking the milk, cocoa tea, and cream soup given by his American landlord, he went to the French park alone, taking a walk while continuing to conceive the second half of "The Roaring Land."

But the organization needs his contribution and needs him to provide a place for meetings. In the autumn of 1930, Jiang Guangci objected to holding meetings in his residence, and emphasized that "a room that could be used for writing often collapses as soon as a meeting is held..." A few days later, the head of the Left Alliance Party Group said to Jiang Guangci: "Writing Not counting work, we have to go to Nanjing Road to riot!" Jiang Guangci submitted a "letter of quitting the party" for this reason.

On October 20, "Red Flag Daily" published the news that "Jiang Guangci is a counter-revolutionary and has been expelled from the party." In addition to his unwillingness to obey discipline and participate in organizational life, one of the accusations is that he was greedy for royalties, lost his position, and lived a bourgeois lifestyle relying on generous royalties.

Although he had been fired, he still had the passion for creation. In November 1930, his novel "The Roaring Land" was unfinished. This is Jiang Guangci's last work, and it is also the most highly praised work in the history of literature after he was repeatedly scorned and criticized for his artistic achievements.

Just when people were optimistic about his future, "The Roaring Land" was seized. After Jiang's works were banned, life became increasingly difficult. Jiang Guangci not only had lung disease, but he was also diagnosed with intestinal tuberculosis in the hospital. At that time, intestinal tuberculosis was a terminal disease.

This rootless revolutionary literary youth came and went naked. He died in 1931 at the age of 30. He has nothing to do with any major political or literary forces. He simply expresses his personal experience and feelings.

On September 15 of the same year, "Literary News", a peripheral publication of the Left Federation published in Shanghai, published a special issue of "Memorial Issue" to mourn the unfortunate death of Jiang Guangci and other comrades. An article in memory of Jiang Guangci published by Qian Xingyi under the pseudonym Fang Ying in the "Memorial Issue" pointed out: "He lived for thirty years, and throughout his life, he dedicated his infinite energy to Revolution."

The famous writer Yu Dafu pointed out sadly in a commemorative article: "His early death is ultimately a loss to the Chinese literary world."

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the party and the people gave Jiang Guangci a high evaluation. In 1953, on the eve of commemorating the 22nd anniversary of Jiang Guangci's death, the Shanghai Federation of Literary and Art Circles finally found Jiang Guangci's remains after many searches and officially moved them to Shanghai Hongqiao Cemetery.

Although Jiang Guangci has never returned to his hometown since joining the revolution, the people of the Dabie Mountains have not forgotten this son who made outstanding contributions to the cause of revolutionary literature. In February 1957, the People's Committee of Lu'an County, Anhui Province decided to posthumously recognize Jiang Guangci as a revolutionary martyr.

Extended information

Poetry concept

Influenced by international literary and artistic trends (the Soviet Union's "Lapp", Japan's "Napp")

1. The Proletarian school of poetry used poetry as a weapon in class struggle and infinitely exaggerated the political propaganda role of literature.

Jiang Guangci's "About Revolutionary Literature" "Use dialectics to write the way out of life and promote the development of proletarian literature, otherwise it will be a creation of nothingness."

"Russian Period Literature" "Praises the Russian proletarian poets for "using poetry as the cannon of the Red Army to meet the needs of the times."

Qian Xingdun's "Theory of Promoting the Era of Disillusionment and Wavering" "The relationship between literature and propaganda is inevitable, no matter which Class literary writers all promote their own class, and at the same time they also have their own class slogans and slogans in their creations. "The form of literature is inevitably close to slogans and slogans, and is often inspired by the form of 'slogans and slogans'." "As long as it can inspire and publicize millions of workers and peasants to unite and fight the enemy hand-to-hand... then we will also praise it as 'Tianan's No. 1'." "Proletarian literature and art, something of great artistry and artistic value"

2. Common poets reject artistic techniques and deliberately lower their aesthetic requirements for poetry.

Qian Xingdun's "From Tokyo to Wuhan" "Only bourgeois artists are dedicated for people to appreciate and play with." "The working class is not a gentleman, and revolutionaries are not graceful virgins. The labor literature Life is rough."

The proletarian artistic style is "SIMPLE AND STRONG"

Guo "fully wrote those rough slogans that elegant literati did not like. and slogans, I just want to be a 'slogan person' and a 'slogan person' but not necessarily a 'poet'" "My Poetry Writing Process"

Baidu Encyclopedia - Jiang Guangci