Excerpts from Zhu Guangqian's Talking about Beauty.

There is a cart road in the Alps valley with beautiful scenery on both sides. There are placards on the road, advising tourists to say "take your time and enjoy yourself".

Aesthetic feeling comes from image intuition.

What is aesthetic feeling? On the positive side, we have understood that beauty comes from image intuition, which is isolated and self-sufficient and has a certain distance from real life. We see the relationship between me and things in aesthetic experience. Only when we know that my interest resonates with the posture of things can we see the beautiful image. On the other hand, we have understood that aesthetic feeling is different from a practical attitude without will and desire and a scientific attitude without abstract thinking. We already know that it is a big misunderstanding that ordinary people associate ordinary pleasure and think that aesthetic experience is based on textual research and criticism.

Things must have the possibility of making people feel beautiful, and it is impossible for people to create beauty with all their heart. Image belongs to things, but not completely to things, because without me, there is no way to see his image. Intuition belongs to me, but it belongs to me completely, because without things, intuition cannot move.

Every creation has a creator, and the creation of cooperative creation is not out of nothing, but also has some materials, and it is bound to create beauty. The vision produced by pine trees is different from that produced by rivers, and the impression produced by toads is even more different. The image of Song, the success of this work of art, is partly my contribution and partly Song's contribution.

The distance is beautiful, and the authorities are fascinated by the beholder.

There is a distance between a beautiful ideal and real life, there is a distance but there is no gap, because art is the expression of interests, and the root of interests lies in life.

The aesthetic world beyond the real world is purely an independent creation of the image world beyond interest. When people create or appreciate art, they move from the real world with interest to the ideal world without interest.

Locals think that outdated clothes and actions are often of beautiful significance to foreigners. Farmers used to envy scholars, and scholars often envy farmers. The director is not satisfied with his own situation, but envies the situation of others. What was originally a very sad experience often turned into a very sweet memory.

It's all different opinions and attitudes. Looking at the reflection, looking at the past, looking at other people's suggestions and looking at strange scenery is like standing on land and watching the sea fog, not bound by actual personal interests. Being able to enjoy the wonderful scenery in front of you can be called looking at your eyes, looking at your own situation, and seeing the familiar scenery is like taking a boat and the fog in the universe. He only knows how to hinder breathing, delays his trip, indicates danger, and has no intention to ponder its beauty.

There is a distance between beauty and real life. To see the beauty of things themselves, we must look at them from an appropriate distance. They were too close to real life at that time, but now they are too far away from real life, just like the old wine after some years lost its original fishy smell and spicy taste, leaving only a pure and light taste.

When an artist writes about personal feelings, he can't live with them at the same time. He must objectify them, and he must retreat from the taster of the theme to the spectator of the guest seat.

Focus on what interests me.

When I am happy, all the mountains and rivers are proud and laughing at themselves. When I am sad, all the flowers and birds sigh and worry. Candles shed tears when they leave. Heart. At that time, Qingshan will nod, catkins will sometimes be frivolous, and evening peaks will sometimes be bitter.

The image of ancient style evokes similar associations of breeze and cleanliness. Gu Song has become a person, and people have also become an ancient maple tree, which is a real aesthetic experience. Empathy for things.

Surreal beauty.

Beauty is the so-called surrealism, and the will can't resist the reality, so go to the ideal world to create an ideal street house. It is expressed in pictures, sculptures and poems, so the result is the so-called works of art, which help us transcend reality and seek comfort in the ideal world.

Words don't rhyme, whether they are flat or not, poems should rhyme, whether they are flat or not. Art should make up for the defects of life and nature.

The world is happy because it has defects, that is, there are promising opportunities and imaginative fields. In other words, the world is flawed and has great possibilities. There are many mysteries in the world, and we should keep them. There are many ideals in the world, and we should keep them from being realized. Because after the realization, it is the disappointment of "it turned out to be just like this". The more beautiful, the more afraid of it. That's the truth.

Practical attitude takes goodness as the highest goal and uses the environment to solve life problems. Scientific attitude takes truth as the highest purpose and pursues truth. Aesthetic attitude takes beauty as the highest purpose, and in a narrow sense, beauty is the most useless.

Aesthetic attitude is the spread of spiritual value, with personal subjective color. A truly immortal work of art is because of its aesthetic attitude.

The beauty of silence

If painting is as realistic as photography, there is no sense of beauty. Zi said in Sichuan: "The deceased is like a husband, never giving up day and night", which is not enough, leaving room for thinking and making sense. The beauty of silence, everything is in silence, stars, sea, utopia, these simple words contain endless artistic conception.

The mouth opens and closes the door of the soul, and the mouth closes the door of the soul. It is better to show your thoughts and feelings as much as possible by using artistic works. Instead of spitting, it is better to leave a large part for the viewer to understand.

Words are endless, and the beauty of literature lies not only in endless words, but also in endless meanings.

Beauty and happiness.

The beauty of English girls and the beauty of Greek goddess statues are obviously two different things. One can only cause pleasure, and the other can only cause beauty. Aesthetic feeling has nothing to do with practical activities, and pleasure comes from the satisfaction of actual requirements. You need to drink water when you are thirsty, and you will get pleasure by drinking water. Abdominal muscles need to eat, and eating them will give you pleasure.

Seeing a beautiful woman, whether it is aesthetic or not, you believe it is ok, but if you think she is cute and want her to be your wife, it is a sign of possessiveness and lewdness. Your behavior is just a tentative activity, not dare to do it. Seeing a beautiful woman looking for a wife is tantamount to being full.

Aesthetic feeling and association.

Lenovo interprets new experiences with old experiences. Without him, only memory and imagination can't happen, because they are all based on past experience.

When listening to music, most people can't hear the tune "They are happy" except many beautiful pictures, because it reminds them of the cool breeze and bright moon, and they don't like this tune, because it awakens their sad memories in the past.

Although association can sometimes improve the viewer's goodwill towards this painting, the beauty of the painting itself may not increase because of association, while the aesthetic feeling caused by painting reflects the lack of spirit and decreases.

Aesthetic experience is to appreciate the image itself. Historical knowledge is helpful to appreciation, but not to appreciation itself. Historical knowledge is also very important. For example, if you want to know about the Luo Shenfu in Cao Zijian, you must know his relationship with Empress Zhen.

Normal beauty and artistic beauty.

The word "beauty" has two meanings. In the first sense, beauty is the norm. For example, the back is usually straight, and the aesthetic feeling of straight back is better than hunchback. The second meaning is to humanize and artistic nature, and natural scenery is a state of mind.

Usually, the so-called natural beauty refers to the normal state of things, natural beauty is normal beauty, and the so-called natural ugliness refers to the abnormal state of things.

All characters regard normality as beauty. Voice is the normal state of human body, deafness, stuttering and facial numbness. It's not normal, so it makes people feel ugly. The normal state of mountains is towering, so towering is the easiest way to show the beauty of mountains, and the normal state of water is mighty and bright, so majestic and charming is the easiest way to show the beauty of water. Similarly, flowers should be fragrant and the moon should be bright. Spring breeze should be mild, and autumn rain should be biting.

Art is not just imitating nature. We also need to show some spiritual values. Art is not like philosophy. Abstraction is the most taboo in his life. There is so-called beauty in nature, and the task of art is imitation. Artistic beauty is imitated from natural beauty and then humanized.

There is creation in appreciation, and appreciation, creation and appreciation in creation. To see an artistic conception, create an image according to imagination and emotion.

Art and games.

Art is different from philosophy. It is most afraid of abstract concepts, and it must be transformed into concrete images in the artist's mind before it can be expressed in his works.

All literary and artistic works must have integrity, which is periodic, and its splendor can be seen in this synthesis. The image before synthesis is messy, and the image after synthesis is harmonious, and the driving force of this synthesis is emotion.

Because of the emotional synthesis of art, the original rambling image can become rambling, and the original repetitive image can also become non-repetitive.

Historically, most of the rules of art have changed from natural rate to normative rate, and now they have changed from normative rate to rigid form. A style of work has an indelible advantage. Those who responded to the news later lost their minds. Some people like to learn from the East and worship the West, while those who are beautiful in a foreign land add ugliness to themselves. For example, metrical changes natural beauty into normative beauty. Measurement, after formalization, often makes people bound.

Games are not social. Children just want to be happy when they play games, but they don't realize that they use games to win the sympathy and appreciation of onlookers. Games only show the image they appreciate, and art is social, so it is necessary to further pass this image on to future generations.

Although art is rooted in game instinct, it is also social, so it is necessary to leave the works that convey feelings to the audience. We can't ignore the choice of media and the application of skills. Art is far ahead of games.

Art and life.

Life is a multifaceted and harmonious whole, some of which are practical activities, some are scientific activities and some are aesthetic activities.

Art is the expression of interest, and the root of interest lies in life. The spiritual value of art is embodied in real life. Without real life as the foundation, the ideal spiritual value of art will not exist. Art comes from life, but it is higher than life.

Art is paved by life, creation is paved by imitation, and aesthetic experience is paved by image intuition of things.

Life is an art in a broader sense, just as it is a hard stone. One person can carve it into a great statue, but another person can't make it into a tool. Living is like writing an article. A perfect life has the beauty that a top-grade article should have.

Naturally, Shi suffers from heart disease and often flattens his heart. So the more beautiful. Dong Shi has no heart disease, and insisting on learning eyebrows can only arouse disgust. In Xi Poetry, this is creation, while in Dong Shi, this is a cliche. The cliche begins with the dryness of life, which is hypocrisy.

Vulgar people just lack their true colors, while hypocrites try their best to cover up their true colors. Vulgar people cling to fame and fortune, drift with the flow, and have no sky and clouds in their hearts. Because there is no source of running water, their serious illness is the dryness of life. The hypocrite is above the qualifications of this layman, plus the trick of bathing monkeys to win the championship. Who knows how many walking corpses are hidden in the shelves of romantic celebrities?

People who are good at life judge everything in the world by their artistic taste. Those who meet the artistic taste can become Mount Tai, and those who do not meet the artistic taste can also become Mount Tai.

The God taught by Jesus is only a rich man who is willing to give alms to poor beggars. The god in the hearts of ordinary philosophers takes the universe as music and wants to see a harmonious musician in this music.

Imitation, appreciation and creation of art.

Both creation and appreciation should see a kind of artistic conception, and appreciation should stop when it sees artistic conception, but creation should further project this artistic conception on concrete works.

Artists begin with imitation, which paves the way for creation. Creation is a new synthesis of old experience, most of which must be imitated, and the new synthesis must be original.

Every artist must be half poet and half craftsman. He must have a poet's insight, a craftsman's wrist and only a craftsman's wrist. Without the poet's wonderful understanding, there can be no creation. Only the poet's wonderful understanding, without the craftsman's wrist, is the creation imperfect. Wonderful enlightenment comes from the soul, and the wrist can be imitated.