The development of mining circular economy provides a strong resource guarantee for Zhengzhou's leap-forward sustainable economic development.

The sustainable development of economy and society inevitably needs the support of mineral resources. Without mineral resources, development will become "water without resources, wood without roots". Strong resource guarantee is the key to realize the leaping sustainable development of Zhengzhou's economy and society. It is imperative to save, protect and rationally utilize mineral resources, improve the efficiency of mineral resources development and utilization, enhance the ability of resource supply guarantee, and promote mining circular economy.

Circular economy is a new economic development model with the core of efficient utilization and recycling of resources, the principle of "reduction, reuse and recycling" and the characteristics of "low consumption, low emission and high efficiency", which conforms to the concept of sustainable development. It requires that the utilization of resources in the economic system be brought into the material circulation process of the natural ecosystem in a harmonious and orderly manner, so as to realize the ecologicalization of economic activities and further realize the harmonious unity of economic benefits, environmental benefits and social benefits.

First of all, it is of great significance for Zhengzhou to develop mining circular economy.

(A) the development of mining circular economy is an important guarantee for the leaping development of Zhengzhou's economy.

Zhengzhou is rich in mineral resources. 36 kinds of minerals have been discovered, with proven reserves of 16 kinds, and more than 20 kinds of minerals have been developed and utilized. Rich mineral resources provide a solid material foundation for Zhengzhou's economic development. Energy industry based on coal resources and aluminum industry based on bauxite resources are both pillar industries in Zhengzhou. The development of mineral resources has greatly promoted the economic development of counties (cities) under the jurisdiction of Zhengzhou City and accelerated the urbanization process in this area. Especially in recent years, Zhengzhou's economy has continued to achieve double-digit growth. In 2006, Zhengzhou's GDP reached 20 billion/kloc-0.50 billion yuan, an increase of 15.7%, and the total economic output accounted for 19.4% of the province's total economic output, among which the mining economy played an important role. With the continuous development of mining economy, we also clearly see that there are many deep-seated contradictions and problems in the development and utilization of mineral resources: the mining intensity is too high and the reserve resources are insufficient; Extensive production management and backward environmental management; The level of comprehensive development and utilization is not high, and resources are wasted seriously; The industrial structure is not reasonable and the mining factor market is underdeveloped, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of the mining economy in our city. Especially after entering the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, the provincial party committee and government clearly put forward the development requirement of "realizing the rise of the Central Plains and looking at Zhengzhou", and the Zhengzhou municipal party committee and government also put forward the strategic goal of "realizing leap-forward development and building a well-off society in an all-round way". Both the external environment and its own development determine that the first 20 years of this century is an important period for Zhengzhou to accelerate the construction of a star metropolis, and the demand for mineral resources is bound to increase rapidly. The extensive utilization of mineral resources will further highlight the constraints of resources on Zhengzhou's economic and social development. This requires that the development of mining industry must adhere to Scientific Outlook on Development, develop mining circular economy, and establish a regional mining economy with resource conservation, environmental friendliness, social harmony, intensive production and developed economy, thus greatly improving the ability of mining industry to ensure Zhengzhou's economic development.

(2) Developing mining circular economy is an inevitable requirement for realizing sustainable development and building a "harmonious Zhengzhou".

Building a harmonious society aims at "resource conservation, environmental friendliness, social progress and people living and working in peace and contentment", is characterized by "low consumption, low emission and high efficiency" and is supported by sustainable development. With the economic and social development of our city entering a new stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way, resource consumption has increased substantially, the contradiction between supply and demand has become increasingly prominent, and the reserves of retained resources have declined. Large and medium-sized enterprises such as Zhengzhou Coal Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. and Chinalco Henan Branch, which are provincial key enterprises in our city, are facing the severe situation of rapid depletion of resources and insufficient reserve resources. There are also some mines with severe and moderate resource crisis, which are facing economic transformation and social stability. Premier Wen Jiabao said: "The biggest political problem in China today is life, and the biggest economic problem is resources, which has become a serious bottleneck of economic development." If the development and utilization of mineral resources continue to follow the traditional extensive development and utilization mode of high consumption, high energy consumption, high pollution and low utilization, it will inevitably cause greater waste and damage to the existing resources and ecological environment of our city, and will inevitably affect our economic development and social stability. In order to achieve sustainable development and build a harmonious Zhengzhou, mining development must bid farewell to the traditional model as soon as possible, adhere to Scientific Outlook on Development and take the road of mining circular economy.

Second, the main practices of developing mining circular economy in Zhengzhou

Most of Zhengzhou's means of production, such as metallurgy, nonferrous metals, electric power, chemicals, building materials (buildings), light industry, textiles and agriculture, take mineral products as raw materials. Mining plays a very important role in Zhengzhou's national economy, and it is the foundation and forerunner of the whole industrial system. In recent years, according to the actual situation of the development and utilization of mineral resources in the city, Zhengzhou Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government has fully implemented the national macro-control policies on resources, actively supported the mining circular economy industry, supported and encouraged mining enterprises to develop and construct projects for comprehensive utilization and recycling of resources, and actively explored ways and methods for the sustainable development of the mining industry in our city, and achieved initial results.

(1) Taking the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue and coalbed methane as a breakthrough, it highlights the comprehensive utilization and development of resources.

Zhengzhou mining area is an old mining area. For a long time, coal gangue, lean coal, power plant slag, smelter slag and other wastes have piled up into mountains, which not only pollutes the environment, but also occupies land. In order to completely solve this industrial problem and improve the ecological environment of the mining area, counties (cities) such as Dengfeng, Xinmi, Gongyi, Xingyang and Erqi in our city actively implement relevant national, provincial and municipal encouragement policies and vigorously support the development of the industrial chain of "coal gangue, cinder and fly ash-building materials". Around the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue, coal cinder and fly ash, the slogan of "making bricks without soil and burning bricks without coal" was put forward, and the baking-free brick industry was vigorously developed. At the same time, it is completely forbidden to close the clay brick kiln factory, which not only protects the cultivated land, but also frees up the market space for the promotion and use of baking-free bricks. All the coal gangue discharged from the mine is used as a substitute raw material for clay by the baking-free brick factory, and all the slag discharged from the power plant is digested by the cement factory as a mixture. At present, the coal gangue, slag and fly ash in Zhengzhou mining area are no longer waste, and the price rises again and again, and the sales are very hot. More than 0/00 baking-free brick factories in the city/KLOC live on coal gangue and fly ash. Using coal gangue to process building bricks not only has low cost, but also "eats" the coal gangue mountain in Zhengzhou mining area. At present, the phenomenon of coal gangue accumulation in Dengfeng, Xinmi, Gongyi, Xingyang and other counties (cities) has been significantly reduced, and some previously occupied land has also been reclaimed.

Furthermore, it is to actively develop coalbed methane to generate electricity. Some coal mines in Dengfeng, Xinmi, Xinzheng and other places, aiming at the problem of coal seam gas outburst, actively cooperated with scientific research institutions to tackle key problems, and established ground gas drainage stations, vacuum pump drainage pipelines, civil gas heating systems and gas-fired power plants. Not only did it solve the problem of insufficient power supply and heating in the mining area, but part of the surplus power was also imported into Central China Power Grid for market operation, which not only ensured production safety, but also achieved obvious economic benefits, and also avoided the pollution of natural gas emissions to the atmospheric environment.

(2) Actively expand and extend the mining industry chain to improve the efficiency of resource utilization.

Under the condition of consuming the same resources, it is an important way to change the concept of mining economic development and enhance the value of resources. After years of exploration and practice, Dengfeng has gradually formed industrial chains such as "coal-electricity", "coal-electricity-heat-metallurgy" and "coal-electricity-building materials", and has successively built a number of pithead power plants such as China Resources Power Plant and Dongjindian Thermal Power Plant, as well as Tangzhuang Electrolytic Aluminum Plant and Aoxin.

(three) to promote the environmental management of mining areas, and strive to create an ecological harmonious mining area.

Dengfeng, Xinmi, Gongyi, Xingyang and other counties (cities), under the unified deployment of Zhengzhou Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, combined with the special tasks of coal mine subsidence area management and shantytown renovation carried out by provinces and cities, strictly implemented the responsibility system of "whoever destroys and governs" ecological landscape restoration, and in accordance with the organizational form of "government takes the lead and enterprises are the main body", adopted the fund pooling model combining enterprise investment with government special financial subsidies to vigorously carry out coal mine subsidence area management.

Mining counties (cities) backfill coal mining subsidence areas with gangue produced in the process of mining development and construction waste produced in urban construction and shantytown renovation, effectively solving the problems of land occupation and environmental pollution caused by gangue and construction waste. Jinling, Xiangyang, Yangcheng and other coal mines have actively promoted the greening and vegetation restoration projects in mining areas in accordance with the idea of building green ecological and environmental protection mines, and achieved phased results. At the same time, the city has also actively carried out the protection of geological relics, and has successively built a large number of geological relics protection parks represented by Songshan World Geopark, which has achieved good ecological, social and economic benefits.

(D) Actively promote the integration of resources, make every effort to create economies of scale in mining industry, and build a higher main platform for the development of circular economy in mining industry.

The development and integration of mine resources is an important means to solve the unreasonable layout of mine development and realize the large-scale and intensive development of resources. It is the basic work to control the disorder of mining order from the source; It is an effective way to adjust the mining structure and promote the transformation of mining economic growth mode. Resource integration is of great significance for developing mining circular economy, building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society and taking a new road to industrialization. After the first round of mineral resources integration in our city, the number of mining enterprises has been greatly reduced, the production scale of a single mine has been significantly improved, the situation of "multiple, small and scattered" of mining enterprises has been significantly changed, and the development layout of mines has become more reasonable. At the same time, a number of mining groups with strong market competitiveness and abundant funds, represented by Zhengzhou Coal Industry (Group) Company and Chinalco Henan Branch, have been built, laying a solid foundation for the development of mining circular economy.

(five) adhere to the coordinated operation of government regulation and market mechanism, the external environment for the development of mining circular economy in our city has been significantly improved, and the internal motivation has been significantly enhanced.

On the one hand, the municipal government actively promotes the work of rectifying and standardizing the order of mineral resources development by formulating and perfecting laws and regulations, strengthening administrative supervision and strengthening law enforcement; Severely crack down on and investigate illegal activities such as unlicensed mining and cross-border mining; Resolutely close down mining enterprises that damage the environment and do not have safe production conditions; Comprehensively check and correct all kinds of illegal acts in the development and management of mineral resources. Through a series of rectification and management, illegal activities such as unlicensed mining, indiscriminate mining and excavation, waste and destruction of mineral resources have been completely curbed; Illegal activities such as super-layer cross-border mining have been comprehensively cleaned up; Illegal cases have also been promptly investigated and dealt with; The phenomenon of mine safety accidents and ecological environment destruction has been significantly reduced, the order of mineral resources development has been more standardized, the mining investment environment has been significantly improved, and the legitimate interests of mining enterprises have been fully protected, creating a good external environment for the development of mining circular economy in our city.

On the other hand, give full play to the basic role of the market in resource allocation, include natural resources and ecological environment that used to be "public goods" into the categories of "factors of production" and "capital", and promote the paid use system of mineral resources and ecological environment in accordance with the principles of "developer protection, user compensation, waste payment and destroyer recovery". By formulating various incentive and restraint policies, using prices and taxes,

(six) pay attention to typical training, and promote the healthy development of the city's mining circular economy.

With a strong sense of social responsibility and mission, Zhengzhou Denggao Group Company actively explores and innovates, insists on the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue and coalbed methane as the starting point, and combines its own reality to embark on a unique road of mining circular economy.

First, actively develop coal mine gas power generation projects. Jinling Coal Mine of Dengcao Group Company belongs to high gas mine. In order to solve the gas problem and ensure mine safety, they adhere to the policy of "promoting pumping by use, promoting mining by pumping, and balancing mining and pumping" and establish a green natural ecological mine. Mine civil gas system and mine gas power plant have been developed and built successively. Civil gas system effectively solves the problems of domestic gas and heating in winter in mining area. The annual power generation of gas-fired power plants can reach 6.5438+million kWh, which provides 40% of the power supply demand for mines and alleviates the problem of power supply difficulties in mines. The project saves the company nearly 6 million yuan every year.

Second, the successful development of coal gangue fired cement project. Thousands of tons of coal gangue have accumulated in the mining area for a long time. Facing the actual situation of the deteriorating environment in the mining area, Denggao Group Scientific Research Center started with the analysis of the composition of coal gangue, and explored a new recycling development path of burning cement with coal gangue. In 2006, * * * produced 505,000 tons of cement, used 6,543,805,200 tons of coal gangue, 20,400 tons of sulfuric acid slag, 6,543,804,200 tons of phosphogypsum, 26,200 tons of mining waste residue and 6,543,800 tons of fly ash, and used a total of 357,200 tons of waste. The utilization of these industrial waste residues not only effectively reduces the environmental pollution in the mining area, but also reduces the production cost per ton of cement, increases the economic benefit of enterprises by120,000 yuan, and achieves good economic and social benefits.

In July, 2007, the site meeting of safety basic management of small coal mines in China was held in Dengfeng. Li, director of the State Administration of Work Safety, and Zhao Tiechui, director of the State Administration of Coal Mine Safety, fully affirmed Dengcao Group's insistence on comprehensive development and utilization of resources and coal mine safety management when inspecting the coal mines belonging to Dengcao Group. Our city has developed its own typical and exemplary mining circular economy.

Three. Suggestions on developing mining circular economy

Due to various reasons, the development of mining circular economy in our city started late and is still in the primary stage. The development of mining circular economy still faces some practical problems, such as low understanding, weak main force, insufficient capital investment, insufficient technical support, imperfect laws, regulations, policies and incentive mechanisms. It is also particularly necessary to do the following work:

(A) increase publicity, raise awareness, and actively create a strong atmosphere for the development of mining circular economy.

Developing mining circular economy is an important guarantee for Zhengzhou's sustainable economic development, which is not only related to contemporary development, but also beneficial to future generations, benefiting the country and the people, and requires the joint participation of the government, enterprises and the public. Through the use of radio, television, newspapers, magazines and the distribution of publicity materials, we will carry out various publicity activities, vigorously popularize the relevant knowledge of mining circular economy, widely publicize the policies for developing mining circular economy, and raise awareness of the importance of developing mining circular economy. Through extensive publicity and education activities, leading cadres at all levels should establish Scientific Outlook on Development, implement the concept of developing mining circular economy in all work of mining economy, and take the road of sustainable development; Make the leaders of mining enterprises set up new ideas and new thinking of circular economy, innovate development ideas and open up enterprises; Make the public establish a conscious awareness of environmental protection and green consumption, consciously resist the waste of resources, gradually turn the consciousness of saving into the conscious behavior of every citizen, and gradually form a lifestyle and consumption pattern that saves resources and protects the environment.

(two) to strengthen leadership, implement responsibilities, establish a working system, strengthen the organization and leadership of the development of mining circular economy.

The first is to improve the organization. It is necessary to set up a leading group for the development of mining circular economy headed by the municipal competent leader, and establish a permanent working organization composed of functional departments such as the National Development and Reform Commission, land and resources, environmental protection, finance, science and technology. The second is to implement responsibility. Establish an assessment system for the development goal of mining circular economy, and reach the relevant municipal bureaus and key mining enterprises under the responsibility goal of mining circular economy development, and implement the responsibility layer by layer. Third, study and formulate policies, carefully analyze the actual situation of local departments by learning from the advanced experience of other places, and study and formulate policies and measures for local departments to promote the development of mining circular economy. The fourth is to strengthen supervision and supervision. The leading group for the development of mining circular economy should regularly listen to reports, study work, go deep into the grassroots, find problems and solve them. All member units should perform their duties, cooperate with each other, strengthen cooperation, ensure the implementation of mining circular economy projects, funds, technologies and preferential policies, and provide strong organizational leadership for the development of mining circular economy.

(3) The development of mining circular economy should be combined with the development of knowledge economy.

Knowledge economy and circular economy are two complementary and indispensable aspects in the sustainable development strategy. It is an important prerequisite for building a resource-saving society in our city to comprehensively improve the ability of independent innovation in science and technology and increase the intensity of technology introduction. Whether it is reduction, reuse and recycling, or guiding green consumption and developing environmental protection industries, it is inseparable from the support of scientific and technological progress. The development of mining circular economy has increasingly urgent strategic demand for scientific and technological progress. The medium-and long-term planning of Zhengzhou science and technology should take supporting the development of mining circular economy as one of the strategic directions, and the economic and social development planning should also take increasing the investment in supporting mining circular economy as an important content, set up technical research projects, and give enough attention and support in promoting the popularization and application of new technologies, new processes, new equipment and new materials. All mining enterprises should, according to their own characteristics, intensify technological transformation and popularize advanced, mature and applicable new technologies for energy conservation and comprehensive utilization of resources. New mining investment projects should pay attention to the new technical system of comprehensive utilization. Support Mei Zheng Group, Chinalco and other key enterprises and scientific research units to independently develop and research new technologies for comprehensive development and utilization of mineral resources, so that enterprises can gradually form a sound technical system for resource conservation, recycling and reuse.

(four) adhere to the rational allocation and comprehensive utilization, improve the standard system and optimize the economic structure, implement a multi-pronged policy, and promote the mining circular economy in our city.

Give play to the leading role of planning in the allocation of mineral resources, strictly formulate the development and utilization plan of mineral resources in our city, incorporate mineral resources conservation into the main content of resource planning, and rationally allocate resources, so that mineral resources planning will become an important means of macro-control of mining economy and conservation and utilization of mineral resources. Any mineral resources development project that does not meet the planning shall be reported to the Henan Provincial Department of Land and Resources for approval. At the same time, in the process of mineral development, we should adhere to the principle of comprehensive utilization, and comprehensively explore, develop and utilize primary and associated minerals in accordance with the principle of "reduction, reuse and recycling", and comprehensively utilize the waste residue, waste liquid and waste gas of industrial enterprises that use mineral resources as raw materials and fuels, as well as water and gas in the production process. Thereby prolonging the industrial chain of resource utilization and increasing the added value of resources.

In the process of developing mining circular economy and building a conservation-oriented society, the irreplaceable role of "standard system" should be played. The relevant departments of the municipal government should formulate a detailed standard system for resource conservation and comprehensive utilization as soon as possible. Formulate local laws and regulations, protect scarce mineral resources, promote clean production and develop circular economy; Establish and improve the market access standards and energy-saving assessment index system for industries with high resource consumption. Regularly carry out special inspections on the implementation of enterprise energy efficiency standards and resource utilization standards, reward enterprises with outstanding achievements, and investigate and punish enterprises with serious problems according to law. At the same time, the adjustment of our city's industrial structure, product structure and energy consumption structure will be placed in a more prominent position, to prevent blind development and low-level redundant construction of some high-energy-consuming industries, to limit and eliminate backward technologies that waste resources and pollute the environment, and to apply the concept of circular economy to all fields and links of economic and social development in accordance with the principle of reducing resource consumption and harmless environmental impact. Actively coordinate, establish and improve the resource recovery system among enterprises and actively create green ecological mining areas. Guide and encourage enterprises to accelerate the popularization of advanced and applicable technologies, so that the material consumption, energy consumption, water consumption and pollutant emission intensity of unit products reach the domestic advanced level, and gradually reduce the dependence of our city's economy on resources.

With the continuous increase of national macro-control, the bottleneck of resources to Zhengzhou's economic development will be further highlighted. In order to realize the resource guarantee task of the mining industry for the leaping development of Zhengzhou's economy, we must take Scientific Outlook on Development as the guide, guide the mining industry development according to the concept of circular economy, and gradually realize the transformation of resource development and utilization from extensive to intensive. However, the development of mining circular economy is a complex systematic project, which must be guided by innovative circular economy concept, supported by advanced science and technology and perfect legal system, and requires the active participation and efforts of government, enterprises and society.

The road of mining economic cycle has a long way to go!