Phonetic notation in the Chinese Dialect Dictionary

1. In order to promote Mandarin and facilitate readers, all dialect words collected in this dictionary are converted into Mandarin pronunciation and are notated with Chinese Pinyin letters, such as: bath hūyù; take advantage of the waste chènxū.

2. Some dialect words, after being converted into Mandarin pronunciation, are quite different from the dialect pronunciation. In addition to the Mandarin pronunciation, these words are marked with dialect pronunciation. Dialects are generally marked using the International Phonetic Alphabet, written in square brackets. For example: daida áidà in Wu dialect [ηε 13 du13]; ēn in Cantonese dialect [ηεn 58]. The pronunciation of the dialects in the northern dialects are still notated using the Chinese pinyin alphabet. For example, "dianbu" is pronounced dián and bu in Beijing.

3. The annotation of Mandarin pronunciation in this dictionary: ① Convert it into Mandarin according to the corresponding rules between dialect pronunciation and Mandarin pronunciation, such as "jie", pronounced in Wu dialect [кa 34], converted into Mandarin pronunciation jiè. ② For some words, we use the method of "transliteration of foreign words" to note the pronunciation close to the dialect pronunciation, such as "embarrassing", pronounced in Wu dialect [κε53 κα34], this dictionary annotates gān gà according to the dialect pronunciation. ③For words used in more than one region, the single character is phonetically notated in principle according to the existing pronunciation in Mandarin, such as "厰拉", pronounced in Beijing dialect [pαi 55 ts`ι,], this dictionary annotates bāi, che.

4. This dictionary only adds "r" after the basic form of the pronunciation of "er", such as "明儿 míng r", without marking the actual changes in pronunciation. The same word is sometimes er-ified in spoken language, sometimes not, and the items are not er-ified; in spoken language it must be er-ified, and the items are er-ified.

5. Words belonging to the northern dialect area generally do not add dialect pronunciation. If words belonging to other major dialect areas need to add dialect pronunciation, add the dialect pronunciation of the representative point of the large dialect area: < /p>

Wu dialect - Suzhou dialect, Xiang dialect - Changsha dialect, Gan dialect - Nanchang dialect, Hakka dialect - Meizhou dialect

Cantonese dialect - Cantonese dialect, Minnan dialect - Xiamen dialect, Fujian dialect Northern dialect - Fuzhou dialect

Individually add the dialect of the local dialect, and indicate a certain local pronunciation before the phonetic notation, such as "无女美" Suzhou dialect [M44ME31].

6. The Mandarin phonetic notation in this dictionary is based on the principle of continuous writing, and the dialect phonetic notation is not written consecutively. Multi-syllabic words do not need to be marked with tone changes. For soft-sounding words in the entry, add a dot before the phonetic note, for example: hān, chen.