Communication and communication course examination paper

In communication and communication, the difference and connection between mass communication and interpersonal communication is a topic worthy of our consideration. In this article, I talked about my views on this point.

Firstly, the definitions of mass communication and communication science are introduced respectively. According to the summary of Chinese scholars, mass communication is defined as: "The so-called mass communication is a large-scale information production and communication activity aimed at the general public by specialized media organizations using advanced communication technology and industrialization means." This definition basically summarizes the meaning of mass communication. In other words, we can understand the meaning of mass communication as three points: first, the recipients of mass communication are a large number of heterogeneous people; Second, the way of information dissemination is open and delivered to a large number of audiences at the same time; Third, communicators are media organizations. Generally speaking, interpersonal communication is a process in which the sender sends information to the intended target (receiver) through certain channels (also called media or channels) and seeks feedback to achieve mutual understanding. It contains the following meanings: first, communication is the transmission of information first; Second, information should not only be transmitted, but also fully understood; Third, effective communication is not an agreement between the two sides, but an accurate understanding of the meaning of information; Fourthly, communication is a two-way and interactive process of feedback and understanding.

Let's take a look at the difference between the two. From their definition, they can be divided into the following points:

First, the two sides of information dissemination are different. Mass communication is to spread information to the public through media organizations. The media organization here is a public institution, an information industry organization and a social organization. As far as interpersonal communication is concerned, it is an information exchange activity between two individuals or between multiple individuals. Simply put, it is communication between ordinary people. Second, the way of information dissemination is different. Mass communication is the use of advanced communication technology and industrial means, for example, the use of communication satellites and optical fibers for information dissemination, as well as through the network to understand current events and news. There are two ways of interpersonal communication: one is direct face-to-face communication between the two sides, that is, people usually talk; The second is indirect communication through letters, telephones and the Internet. Nowadays, with the development of information industry, people use more telephones and networks. For example, we usually use e-mail to exchange letters and communicate through chat tools such as MSN and QQ.

Third, the direction of information dissemination is different. Mass communication is mostly one-way communication and limited indirect feedback, and its supporters are mostly indirect; Interpersonal communication is a two-way communication with a lot of direct feedback.

Fourth, the confidentiality of information dissemination is different. The confidentiality of interpersonal communication is good, and it is the exchange of information between individuals, which is not open. On the contrary, the recipients of mass communication are heterogeneous people, and its mode of communication is open, reaching many people at the same time. In our normal communication, the content of the communication is unknown to others, so it is not made public. And mass communication is to spread information to most people, talk openly with the media, and pass the information to the recipients.

Interpersonal communication is more flexible than mass communication. The former can be handled flexibly in time and space, which is much less restricted than mass communication, and the content of communication can be adjusted in time according to the actual situation. In other words, when we communicate, we can change the topic or change the place and time of speaking according to the specific situation. We can discuss the place and time ourselves, which is called flexible treatment in time and space. As far as mass communication is concerned, its communication has certain restrictions. Time, such as television and other audio-visual media, newspapers and magazines and other print media, their broadcast time or distribution time has certain value, otherwise it will lose its information value. In space, mass communication also has its limitations and cannot be as convenient as interpersonal communication.

In my opinion, the difference between mass communication and interpersonal communication mainly lies in these five points. Of course, this is just my personal opinion, and there may be some other differences.

However, as the dissemination of information, the two are interrelated. The biggest connection between the two is the dissemination of information, which can also be seen from the definition. Mass communication is to spread information to the general public, interpersonal communication is the communication between individuals, and the dissemination of information is obtained through interpersonal communication. The essence of the two is the same. Secondly, it is also obvious that mass communication needs the cooperation of interpersonal communication in order to exert the greatest effect. Mass communication is a large-scale information production and communication activity aimed at the general public by media organizations using advanced communication technology and industrialization means. However, its information dissemination targets are extensive, and its information dissemination efficiency is not necessarily high. In this case, if mass communication is efficient, then there must be interpersonal communication. After some people get the information of mass communication, they can spread the information of mass communication through interpersonal communication, improve the efficiency of mass communication and make it a real mass communication. And mass communication provides some communication information for interpersonal communication. To put it simply, an important international news, for example, will certainly become a hot topic for people to talk about, and mass communication information will penetrate into interpersonal communication at this time. Generally speaking, mass communication and interpersonal communication penetrate and influence each other.

② Similarities and differences between communication and communication.

Communication is to achieve the replication of knowledge, two-way; Communication is the release of news. One-way communication refers to the transmission of social information or the operation of social information system. Information is the content of communication. The fundamental purpose of communication is to transmit information, which is the general term for information transmission, information acceptance or information feedback between people and between people and society through meaningful symbols. Communication is the process of the transmission and feedback of thoughts and feelings between people and groups, so as to achieve ideological consistency and emotional smoothness.

③ Eight elements in the communication process.

Communication elements:

Purpose, information publisher, information receiver, communication channel, communication environment, information coding, information decoding and information feedback.

④ China Agricultural University's 20 1 1 year course examination course paper "Communication"?

Just copy a few paragraphs from the book Communication and Exchange! That's what I wrote ...

⑤ Communication and exchange papers

On interpersonal relationship in the process of communication and exchange

In the process of learning communication, I talk about my understanding of interpersonal relationship in the process of communication, and focus on the influence of communication on interpersonal relationship.

Keywords: communication interpersonal relationship

1 definition of communication and communication

Communication is a process of information transmission. In this process, in a certain social background, the sender and the receiver use appropriate channels (ways and means) to transmit information to each other, communicate with each other and influence each other, so as to achieve the purpose of information sharing and mutual understanding. In fact, communication is a process with five basic elements (sender, receiver, information, channel and mutual understanding). It can also be divided into one-way communication and two-way communication.

2 interpersonal relationships in the process of communication and exchange

2. 1 Main differences between interpersonal communication and mass communication

Interpersonal communication is an activity. It refers to the face-to-face information exchange between people. Interpersonal communication includes not only verbal communication, but also non-verbal communication. Compared with mass communication, feedback is one of the main differences. Compared with interpersonal communication, the characteristics of mass communication are as follows: 1. Mass communication is generally spread through the media, and interpersonal communication is often face-to-face communication. 2. Mass communication is one-way communication, and feedback is difficult; Interpersonal communication is a two-way communication, and feedback is easy. 3. Mass communication has a large audience and great influence; Interpersonal communication has a small audience and little influence. 4. Mass communication information spreads quickly, while interpersonal communication information spreads slowly. 5. Mass communication can strengthen the expressed information, but interpersonal communication is weak. 6. Mass communication has poor selectivity to the audience, while interpersonal communication has strong selectivity to the audience. 7. Mass communication is beneficial for recipients to acquire information and knowledge, and interpersonal communication is beneficial for recipients to change their attitudes and behaviors.

2.2 Identity of interpersonal value

A person's success, 15% depends on professional knowledge, and 85% depends on interpersonal relationship and ability to do things. Communication stems from the awareness of each other's existence. The communication between people occurs because there is a self-expression relationship between people, which is manifested in the attraction of the same kind. As long as there are people, there will be communication and communication. If introverted communication is not included, only the forms of communication between people will be discussed. As long as people are aware of each other's existence, information exchange and communication behavior will occur.

Roadside milestones don't communicate with passers-by, billboards erected on the roadside or the names of restaurants, or slogans inviting pedestrians to stop for dinner, but if someone needs and notices this symbol, they start to communicate with each other.

It is also very important to realize the value of interpersonal communication. Once people begin to communicate with each other when they realize each other's existence, individuals will influence each other through communication. Communication refers to the creation based on our own thoughts. In other words, in communication, we care about other people's reactions. This relationship is sometimes influenced by the distance between people. Therefore, the communication and communication products produced are more prone to errors.

2.3 Communication in the process of interpersonal art.

2.3. 1 Frequently analyze the factors that affect interpersonal relationships.

There are four main factors that affect the intimacy of interpersonal relationships: (1) spatial distance. (2) The frequency of communication between people. (3) Similarity of people's ideas and attitudes. (4) Complementarity of human needs. In addition to the attraction of the four elements, there are several aspects worthy of attention. (5) Whether the quality structure is good. (6) People's personality, morality and temperament are different, which is also an important aspect that affects interpersonal relationships.

2.3.2 The art of adjusting interpersonal relationships should be diversified.

Based on the complexity and subtlety of interpersonal relationship, its adjustment methods should also be varied. There is no panacea that can be applied to people with different qualities and different environments. It varies from person to person to adapt to the mechanism.

Effective communication is a combination of two people's interests. Communication not only requires one party to have a certain motivation to communicate, but also needs it, so that communication is possible. Let's go back to the beginning. Communication begins with realizing the existence of the other party and emphasizes the communication motivation of one party. If one party is not interested in the other, communication will not be effective. In a sense, communication is a process of giving or receiving each other. Because communication takes time and energy.

In the process of communication, I think interpersonal relationship and communication are also very important. The two will influence each other, complement each other and help each other. Good interpersonal relationship and smooth communication. Good communication can also promote the harmony of interpersonal relationships. On the contrary, bad interpersonal relationships increase communication and difficulties. Poor communication leads to bad interpersonal relationship.

3 summary analysis

People who are not good at communication must strengthen interpersonal relationships to make up for their own shortcomings. People with poor interpersonal relationships, in order to improve interpersonal relationships, it is best to cultivate communication skills. In fact, improving one of them will help both. The basic condition of interpersonal communication is to have a sense of existence in your heart that these people are gathered together, and to communicate with everyone with respect. You can't be partial to some people, make others feel left out, and you can't just care about yourself and say whatever you want, because such communication can only be regarded as expressing your own views, and there is no concern for interpersonal factors at all. People who are good at communication must always consider possible interpersonal relationships, so as to avoid inadvertently destroying their interpersonal turmoil and causing bad communication effects.

True or false, the essence of promotion is communication.

That's right.

Communicate with potential consumers and spread the information of promotional products.

⑦ Network Education College of China Agricultural University 20 1 1 Course Examination "Communication and Communication" Course Paper (the validity of the paper topic: 20101to 20.

The third topic is similar to that of the host, but there are some differences. It's all improvisation, improvisation.

(8) Dissemination and communication of papers.

On interpersonal relationship in the process of communication and exchange

In the process of learning communication, I talk about my understanding of interpersonal relationship in the process of communication, and focus on the influence of communication on interpersonal relationship.

Keywords: communication interpersonal relationship

1 definition of communication and communication

Communication is a process of information transmission. In this process, in a certain social background, the sender and the receiver use appropriate channels (ways and means) to transmit information to each other, communicate with each other and influence each other, so as to achieve the purpose of information sharing and mutual understanding. In fact, communication is a process with five basic elements (sender, receiver, information, channel and mutual understanding). It can also be divided into one-way communication and two-way communication.

2 interpersonal relationships in the process of communication and exchange

2. 1 Main differences between interpersonal communication and mass communication

Interpersonal communication is an activity. It refers to the face-to-face information exchange between people. Interpersonal communication includes not only verbal communication, but also non-verbal communication. Compared with mass communication, feedback is one of the main differences. Compared with interpersonal communication, the characteristics of mass communication are as follows: 1. Mass communication is generally spread through the media, and interpersonal communication is often face-to-face communication. 2. Mass communication is one-way communication, and feedback is difficult; Interpersonal communication is a two-way communication, and feedback is easy. 3. Mass communication has a large audience and great influence; Interpersonal communication has a small audience and little influence. 4. Mass communication information spreads quickly, while interpersonal communication information spreads slowly. 5. Mass communication can strengthen the expressed information, but interpersonal communication is weak. 6. Mass communication has poor selectivity to the audience, while interpersonal communication has strong selectivity to the audience. 7. Mass communication is beneficial for recipients to acquire information and knowledge, and interpersonal communication is beneficial for recipients to change their attitudes and behaviors.

2.2 Identity of interpersonal value

A person's success, 15% depends on professional knowledge, and 85% depends on interpersonal relationship and ability to do things. Communication stems from the awareness of each other's existence. The communication between people occurs because there is a self-expression relationship between people, which is manifested in the attraction of the same kind. As long as there are people, there will be communication and communication. If introverted communication is not included, only the forms of communication between people will be discussed. As long as people are aware of each other's existence, information exchange and communication behavior will occur.

Roadside milestones don't communicate with passers-by, billboards erected on the roadside or the names of restaurants, or slogans inviting pedestrians to stop for dinner, but if someone needs and notices this symbol, they start to communicate with each other.

It is also very important to realize the value of interpersonal communication. Once people begin to communicate with each other when they realize each other's existence, individuals will influence each other through communication. Communication refers to the creation based on our own thoughts. In other words, in communication, we care about other people's reactions. This relationship is sometimes influenced by the distance between people. Therefore, the communication and communication products produced are more prone to errors.

2.3 Communication in the process of interpersonal art.

2.3. 1 Frequently analyze the factors that affect interpersonal relationships.

There are four main factors that affect the intimacy of interpersonal relationships: (1) spatial distance. (2) The frequency of communication between people. (3) Similarity of people's ideas and attitudes. (4) Complementarity of human needs. In addition to the attraction of the four elements, there are several aspects worthy of attention. (5) Whether the quality structure is good. (6) People's personality, morality and temperament are different, which is also an important aspect that affects interpersonal relationships.

2.3.2 The art of adjusting interpersonal relationships should be diversified.

Based on the complexity and subtlety of interpersonal relationship, its adjustment methods should also be varied. There is no panacea that can be applied to people with different qualities and different environments. It varies from person to person to adapt to the mechanism.

Effective communication is a combination of two people's interests. Communication not only requires one party to have a certain motivation to communicate, but also needs it, so that communication is possible. Let's go back to the beginning. Communication begins with realizing the existence of the other party and emphasizes the communication motivation of one party. If one party is not interested in the other, communication will not be effective. In a sense, communication is a process of giving or receiving each other. Because communication takes time and energy.

In the process of communication, I think interpersonal relationship and communication are also very important. The two will influence each other, complement each other and help each other. Good interpersonal relationship and smooth communication. Good communication can also promote the harmony of interpersonal relationships. On the contrary, bad interpersonal relationships increase communication and difficulties. Poor communication leads to bad interpersonal relationship.

3 summary analysis

People who are not good at communication must strengthen interpersonal relationships to make up for their own shortcomings. People with poor interpersonal relationships, in order to improve interpersonal relationships, it is best to cultivate communication skills. In fact, improving one of them will help both. The basic condition of interpersonal communication is to have a sense of existence in your heart that these people are gathered together, and to communicate with everyone with respect. You can't be partial to some people, make others feel left out, and you can't just care about yourself and say whatever you want, because such communication can only be regarded as expressing your own views, and there is no concern for interpersonal factors at all. People who are good at communication must always consider possible interpersonal relationships, so as to avoid inadvertently destroying their interpersonal turmoil and causing bad communication effects.

Application of reinforcement theory in communication and exchange

Reinforcement theory is a theory put forward by American psychologists and behavioral scientists such as Skinner, Hersey and blanchard. Also known as behavior modification theory or behavior modification theory. Skinner received a doctorate in psychology from Harvard University on 193 1, and returned to teach at Harvard University on 1943 until 1975 retired. 1968 won the national medal of science award, the second psychologist to win the medal. Skinner believes that people have no dignity and freedom. Whether a person does or does not do a certain behavior depends only on one influencing factor, that is, the consequences of the behavior. He put forward a theory of "operant conditioning", which holds that people or animals will take certain actions to act on the environment in order to achieve a certain goal. When the consequences of this behavior are beneficial to him, this behavior will be repeated in the future; When it is unfavorable, this behavior will weaken or disappear. People can use this positive or negative reinforcement method to influence the consequences of behavior and correct their own behavior.

Pavlov, a famous Russian physiologist, first put forward the concept of reinforcement. In Pavlov's classical conditioned reflex, reinforcement refers to the unconditional presentation of conditional things, which is a natural, passive and specific process before behavior. In Skinner's conditioned reflex, reinforcement is a kind of artificial manipulation, which refers to the process of reward and punishment accompanying behavior to help it reappear.

Pavlov's subjects' behavior is a reaction caused by * *, which is called "respondent". Skinner's research object's behavior is emitted by the organism, which is called "operational". Classical conditioning can only be used to explain learning based on reactive behavior, which Skinner called "S( ***) type conditioning". Another learning mode, that is, operational or instrumental conditioning mode, can be used to explain learning based on operational behavior, which is called "R (reinforcement) conditioning" and "S-R" psychological theory.

This theoretical view advocates targeted incentives, only looking at the relationship between employee behavior and results, but not highlighting the content and process of incentives. The theory holds that people's behavior is a function of what they get. If this * * * is good for him, this behavior will be repeated, if it is not good for him, this behavior will be weakened until it disappears.

Attending the public * * * relationship is a multiple-choice question to study the communication between the organization and the public.

It refers to a comprehensive applied discipline that takes the objective phenomenon and activity law of public relations as the research object, and is a discipline that studies the behaviors, laws and methods of communication between organizations and the public.

Behavior, law