Where is the "green" in green buildings?

Green buildings refer to buildings with sustainable development. Specifically, the architectural form must meet the principles of integrity, sustainability, fairness and development of sustainable development, so that our buildings and cities meet both The needs of contemporary people do not endanger the survival of future generations, and we seek harmony and harmonious development of the artificial environment and the natural environment. Architecture no longer deprives and pollutes the environment, but coordinates with the surrounding world. Architecture is the home for human beings to survive and can continue to develop into the future.

Speaking of green buildings, we should first understand the characteristics of green buildings: 1. Respect nature and exist in harmony with nature; 2. Give priority to the whole, and temporary interests must be subordinated to sustainable interests; 3. , Resource economy, reducing and effectively utilizing non-renewable resources; 4. Full-life design, advocating the 3R principle (ie reduce use, reuse, recycling); 5. Pleasability, considering the comfort of people's lives and the health of the living environment ; 6. Combine localization with modern technology, fully integrate the climatic characteristics of each region to continue local cultural customs, use local materials and combine local application with modern high and new technologies; 7. Integrate architectural theory with environmental science, and develop various possible Continuous architectural thinking emphasizes the integration of design with ecological science and environmental science, enriching and developing traditional architectural design theory and practice.

In line with the principle of sustainable development, in many years of construction practice, we have explored a new development pattern of green buildings.

1. Green Design

The guiding ideology of green building is to make full use of green concepts, green productivity, green design, green products, green management and other green technologies to reflect the requirements of sustainable development , carry out green building design practice activities.

First of all, in the process of exploring sustainable development planning and design, we should respect nature, protect the earth that gives us life, and achieve ecological design. Secondly, since the construction and use of buildings consumes huge amounts of energy, intensive design principles must be adhered to in the sustainable development of architectural design. Finally, architectural design is not to draw a facade or a house, but to fully consider its relationship with the environment, including the integration of the overall environment with the building. This requires our architects to enter into interdisciplinary approaches. Architectural design and planning can achieve comprehensive design goals.

In green design, we should do the following aspects: First, use green materials and construction methods, such as limiting the emission of Freon gas, using tropical forest wood carefully, using materials that are harmless to the human body, and using recyclable materials. Recycled materials, etc. The second is to set up sustainable functions. Such as flexible layout of space between buildings and service facilities. The third is to make full use of natural resources. Such as utilizing geothermal and solar energy resources. The fourth is to effectively utilize resources and energy. Such as recycling building materials, reusing waste, etc. Fifth, the design is combined with local characteristics. Such as layouts that make communities vibrant, preserve and revitalize history, and express local character. Sixth, protect ecosystems and regulate urban climate. Such as adopting reasonable green space system layout and urban structure, controlling air pollution, etc.

2. Green Construction

As an important stage in the entire life cycle of a building, green construction is a key link to achieve resource conservation, energy conservation and emission reduction in the construction field. Green construction refers to construction activities that save resources and reduce negative impacts on the environment to the greatest extent through scientific management and technological progress on the premise of ensuring quality, safety and other basic requirements to achieve energy, land and water conservation. , material saving and environmental protection ("Four Savings and One Environmental Protection"). To implement green construction, we should implement relevant national, industry and local technical and economic policies based on the principle of adapting measures to local conditions. Green construction should be the embodiment of the comprehensive application of the concept of sustainable development in engineering construction. Green construction does not just mean the implementation of closed construction during engineering construction, no dust flying, no noise disturbing the residents, planting flowers and grass around the construction site, and implementing Regular watering, etc., involve all aspects of sustainable development. Real green construction should apply "green methods" to construction as a whole, and use the entire construction process as a micro system to carry out scientific green construction organization design.

Green construction technology is not a brand-new technology independent of traditional construction technology, but a re-examination of traditional construction technology from a "sustainable" perspective. It is a construction technology that is in line with the sustainable development strategy.

In the actual construction process, most contractors are relatively passive and passive when adopting these green construction technologies. Their understanding of green construction is also relatively simple, and they are not yet able to proactively use appropriate technologies. Technical and scientific management methods are used to engage in green construction with a systematic thinking model and standardized operating methods. Most contractors focus on completing the project goals in accordance with the contract, construction drawings, technical requirements, project plan and project budget, and do not fully consider the sustainable development of construction using existing mature technologies and high technologies. Construction companies do not even consider As the competitiveness of enterprises, green construction capabilities fail to fully utilize scientific management methods and take practical actions to protect the environment and save energy. Therefore, there is still a long way to go to achieve "green construction".

3. Green building materials

Green building materials, also known as ecological building materials, environmentally friendly building materials and healthy building materials, refer to the use of clean production technology to reduce the use of natural resources and energy, and the large use of urban or Green materials produced from industrial solid waste are non-toxic, non-polluting, non-radioactive, and beneficial to environmental protection and human health. Compared with traditional building materials, green building materials have the following four basic characteristics: 1. The production of raw materials uses as little natural resources as possible, and uses a large amount of tailings, waste residues, garbage, waste liquids and other wastes. 2. Adopt low-energy consumption manufacturing processes and environmentally pollution-free production technologies. 3. Formaldehyde, halide solvents or aromatic hydrocarbons must not be used during product configuration or production, and products must not contain mercury and its compounds. 4. The product is designed with the purpose of improving the production environment and improving the quality of life, which is beneficial to human health and has multi-functionality.

According to the definition and characteristics of green building materials, green building materials need to meet four goals, namely basic goals, environmental goals, health goals and safety goals. The basic goals include function, quality, lifespan and economy; the environmental goals require the assessment of the impact of building materials production, transportation, waste and other aspects on the environment from an environmental perspective; the health goals take into account that building materials, as a type of special material, are closely related to human life, and their use The process must be non-toxic and harmless to human health; safety objectives include flame resistance and safety of gases released by combustion. The evaluation indicators of green building materials are formulated around four goals, which can be summarized as product quality indicators, environmental load indicators, human health indicators and safety indicators.

IV. Green Technology

Green technology is a science and technology influenced by environmental values. It refers to the ability to increase resources and resources while improving production efficiency or optimizing product effects. Technology for energy utilization efficiency, reducing pollution load, and improving environmental quality.

Science and technology have two sides, and green buildings should rely on green technology progress. The original simple low-tech buildings only have green properties, but they are not green buildings and are not suitable for China's national conditions at this stage. Different levels of science and technology have corresponding green technologies. Architects should use contemporary green technologies to create contemporary and local buildings, so that Habitat Guangsha can move towards green buildings.

As Al Gore said, green architecture stems from mankind’s comprehensive awakening to the environment. It is a rational strategy and strategy that mankind seeks to deal with the crisis status of the natural world on which it depends for survival and is constantly on the verge of imbalance. It is an ideal building for sustainable development. As construction workers, we should keep up with the pace of the times. In the process of environmental development, we should minimize the damage to natural elements, and strive to promote the harmonious existence and positive interaction between artificial buildings and the natural environment. Create a better future for green buildings.