Detailed data collection of China-Burma-India war zone

China-Burma-India War Zone (CBI) was the name given by the US Army to its troops in China, Myanmar and India during World War II. Well-known troops in this theater include Flying Tigers, Bombing Troops on Hump Route, Engineering Troops for Building China-India Highway, and Mairel Commandos.

Chinese name: China-Burma-India War Zone mbth: CBI Time: Definition during World War II: Title of the armies of China, Burma and India. The China-Burma-India Theater was established, with the main commanders, British troops, American troops, Chinese Expeditionary Force, China's participation in the war, the first expedition, the Tonggu blockade war, the Yanqiang Campaign, and the China-Burma-India Theater was established at the end of 1942+02. The Yunnan-Myanmar highway is directly threatened. Yangon is the entrance of the Yunnan-Myanmar Highway. The Japanese occupation of Yangon is equivalent to cutting off the only international transportation channel connected with the outside world in China. The United States does not want to see China quit the war because the Burma Road was cut off, nor does it want the Japanese army to join forces with the German army after capturing India. However, at that time, the strength of the United States in Myanmar was less than 1000, and Britain had only three divisions, which was obviously insufficient to resist the Japanese attack. Therefore, the United States hopes that China can send troops to defend Myanmar with British and American troops. But the British didn't want to invite China troops to Burma. Myanmar is a British colony. Once China's army is invited to join the Burmese war, the United States will definitely arm this army step by step. The narrow view of the British made the plan to defend Myanmar miss the opportunity and laid the curse for the subsequent collapse of Myanmar. 1942 1 At the end of the month, the Japanese army unexpectedly defeated 30,000 well-equipped British troops with18,000 men and quickly captured Mahlman, the second largest port city in Myanmar. The British troops defending in southern Myanmar were defeated. At this time, the British * * * urgently sent an audience with Chiang Kai-shek, requesting China to send troops to Myanmar quickly. The main commander of the British army, william joseph slim (British Marshal. Commander of Allied Ground Forces in Southeast Asia Theater (i.e. 1 1 army group). Known as the "father of jungle warfare." Harold alexander (British Marshal). Commander-in-Chief of Middle East Theater, Supreme Deputy Commander of Allied Forces in North Africa Theater and Commander of 18 Army Group, Supreme Deputy Commander of Allied Forces in Mediterranean Theater and Supreme Commander of Allied Forces in Mediterranean Theater. He was dubbed "Lord Alexander of Tunisia" for commanding victory in the Battle of Tunisia. ) Louis mountbatten (Admiral of the fleet, England. 1943, served as commander-in-chief of the allied forces in Southeast Asia theater and led his troops to recover Myanmar. 1947 served as the governor of India and put forward the mountbatten plan to divide India and Pakistan. 1952 to 1954 served as commander-in-chief of the Mediterranean fleet of the North Pacific Treaty Organization. 1955 British navy chief of staff. ) archibald percival wavell (British Field Marshal. Commander-in-Chief of the British Army in India and Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in the Southwest Pacific Command of the United States, Britain, Holland and Australia. ) orde wingate (British Brigadier General. "orde wingate leads the long-range assault force (Chindit)" commander Joseph Warren Stilwell (a four-star general of the US military. Commander of the US Army in China, Chief of Staff of Allied China Theater, Commander of the 3rd Army, Commander of China-India-Burma Theater and Chief of Staff of Supreme Theater, Commander of Army Ground Forces, and Commander of 10 Army. ) claire lee chennault (Lieutenant General, United States Air Force. Commander of American Volunteer Brigade (Flying Tigers) of China Air Force, Commander of 23rd Brigade of US Army Aviation 10, Commander of US Army Aviation 14, Commander of China Air Force. It has the reputation of "Flying Tiger General". Albert C. Wedemayer (a four-star general in the United States Army). Deputy Director of the Operations Department of the US General Staff, Deputy Chief of Staff of the Allied Command in Southeast Asia, Commander of the US Army in China Theater and Chief of Staff of Chiang Kai-shek, Supreme Commander of China Theater. ) Frank Merrill (Brigadier General, United States Army). Commander of the 5307 temporary detachment (Merrell Commando). ) Chinese expeditionary forces Chen Cheng (Commander-in-Chief), Wei (Commander-in-Chief of the First Route), Luo (Succeeding Commander-in-Chief of the First Route), Song Xilian (Commander-in-Chief of the Eleventh Army), Huo (Commander-in-Chief of the Twentieth Army), Du (Commander-in-Chief of the Fifth Army), Sun Liren (newly appointed commander of the 38th Division, taking over 1 new commander of the Army), and before The meeting also decided that General Stilwell, the former US military attache to China, would be the chief of staff of Chiang Kai-shek and the commander-in-chief of China's army in Myanmar. 1942 In February, Chiang Kai-shek sent the most elite troops, including the Fifth Army, the only mechanized army in China. Accompanied by the Fifth Army, the Sixth Army and the Sixty-sixth Army formed a famous "expeditionary force" in the history of the Anti-Japanese War. At that time, these troops belonged to a large number of special forces such as cars, armored vehicles and artillery. In Wanmachi, the vehicles queuing up to leave the country along the way are discharged to Longling, which is about 200 kilometers. At that time, the equipment of the troops was the best: China soldiers wore rubber-rimmed glasses, drove three-wheeled motorcycles and had German medium-sized tanks. Even the cars of the staff officers of the Fifth Military Department are German professional combat command vehicles with desks and armor. The First Expedition When the Chinese Expeditionary Force made its first expedition to Myanmar, it set off from Kunming, and there were people on both sides of the street along the way, stretching for more than 1000 kilometers to reach Myanmar. People built colorful buildings with bamboo and branches, and along the way, ordinary people in Myanmar and overseas Chinese cheered: "Long live the national army", "China-Myanmar military cooperation", "Serve the country faithfully, be filial to the nation" and "May the revolution succeed and die in battle". Many people held "V" to wish the army victory. The national flag, flowers and ribbons are flying in the air. In mangshi, the Expeditionary Force Command also held a massive pledging conference abroad. The officers spoke, shouted slogans, set off firecrackers and beat drums. We firmly believe that our China army will win this time! Battle of Tonggu Blockade 1942 In March, China troops entered Myanmar along the Burma Road, and the 200th Division took the lead in reaching Lashuo, a city in northern Myanmar. Just as the 200 th Division boarded the train and set off, a battle report came from the front: Yangon had fallen, and the British army had no fighting spirit and was retreating northward. This is the result of Britain's indecision and delay in fighter planes. A large number of China materials in Yangon Port all fell into enemy hands. On the one hand, the ambitious Japanese army is heading north, and on the other hand, the victorious China army is heading south. 1On March 29th, 942, the two armies joined forces at Tonggu, 260 kilometers north of Yangon. Because the British army lost to the Japanese army several times in a row and had no fighting spirit, it was defeated as soon as it exchanged fire with the Japanese army. In mid-March, the British army hastily retreated without saying hello, exposing our right wing to the enemy. Then, the Japanese army seized the airport behind the expeditionary force and broke the retreat. After the retreat of the 200 th Division was cut off, it continued to fight tenaciously. Dai Anlan made a will, ready to * * * with the ancient city. After more than 20 days of fierce fighting, the 200 th and 55 th divisions of the Japanese army were exhausted, and the 56 th division of the Japanese army arrived, breaking through the defense line of the 200 divisions and forming a trend of division and encirclement. In view of this situation, General Du, commander of the Fifth Army, ordered the new 22nd Division to rush to Tonggu to rescue the 200th Division. After heroic fighting, the new 22nd Division finally helped the 200th Division fight its way out. But at this point, China's most elite troops have suffered more than half of the casualties, weakened. The withdrawal of the 200th Division from Tonggu in the Battle of yenangyaung did not affect Mandalay's battle plan. According to this plan, the fifth army of the Chinese Army will be deployed in the positive direction south of Mandalay, the sixth army will be deployed in the east of the fifth army, and the British army will be deployed in the west of the fifth army. At that time, the total strength of the Chinese-American-British Coalition forces was nearly 200,000, and the total strength of the three Japanese divisions was 6.5438+10,000. If the allies cooperate with the enemy, the battle of Mandalay can achieve the expected goal. But at this time, another problem appeared in the British army on the western front. In mid-April, the 33rd Division of the Japanese Army unexpectedly and quickly surrounded the British troops in yenangyaung on the western front. As soon as the British army was surrounded, it was a mess The army is led by General Alexander. Alexander was the general who commanded the British army in the famous Dunkirk retreat two years ago. Alexander may be better at retreating than fighting. He hastily organized many breakthroughs, but to no avail. The demoralized British army collapsed in the face of the enemy's powerful firepower. Seeing tens of thousands of British troops surrender to Japanese troops in Singapore a few months ago will be repeated in yenangyaung. On April 16, the 38th Division of the Chinese Army arrived in yenangyaung. A regiment of this unit stormed the Japanese position under the cover of tanks. Half a day later, the encirclement was torn open and the British army trapped for many days was rescued. China's army stayed behind them for another three days and rescued more than 500 British soldiers and journalists captured by the Japanese. The Battle of yenangyaung was the first victory of China's army after it entered Myanmar. The commander of the new 38th Division who rescued the British army is a scholar. He is China's famous general Sun Liren, who claimed to have wiped out the most Japanese troops. Sun Liren graduated from Tsinghua University in his early years, then went to Virginia Military Institute to study military affairs, and graduated with honors from this famous military institute. 1932 During the Sino-Japanese War, Sun Liren made many outstanding achievements, but what really made him stand out was the Yan 'an Campaign.