What is a smart construction site?

From 20 17, "smart construction site" gradually entered the policy field of vision. Previously, most of them were innovative applications carried out by construction enterprises for their own needs. Especially after the General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Promoting the Sustainable and Healthy Development of Construction Industry, the application value and practical significance of "smart construction site" has gradually become a * * * knowledge.

At present, the top-level design of "smart site" is not clear, and the concept definition and path design of "smart site" in different places also have their own advantages. Based on the comprehensive literature, "smart site" can be understood as a new construction management and control mode, that is, based on information technology, around the whole life cycle of construction projects, an information system supporting site management, interconnection and cooperation, intelligent decision-making and data sharing is built to realize the deep integration of information technology and site management.

In short, the "smart site" aims to equip a "smart brain" for engineering construction projects, and realize the information supervision of the construction site through the collection, integration and application of construction data.

1, information collection: breaking the "information island"

There are many kinds and quantities of information on the construction site, which involve many subjects such as government supervision departments, construction, construction, supervision, design and material suppliers, and need to serve the control needs of quality, safety, cost and construction period.

In order to change the status quo of traditional information management in construction site, such as repeated collection, cross-reporting, serious information redundancy and lagging information update, "Smart Construction Site" makes full use of advanced information technology means such as Internet, Internet of Things and sensors to improve the accuracy, timeliness, authenticity and integrity of data collection, and is committed to meeting the needs of project managers for timely acquisition, sharing and communication of data needed in the field operation process.

In view of the prominent phenomenon of "information islands" in site management (such as irrelevant functions and mutual help, information sharing and mutual exchange, and information being out of touch with business processes and applications), "smart site" strives to break down the barriers of information interconnection and build a horizontal to vertical information interaction relationship, which not only bridges the "information islands" and realizes the integration of big data, but also breaks down "information barriers" and "information barriers".

In response to the call of "20 16-2020 Construction Industry Informatization Development Outline" for construction enterprises to "build a project management information system based on BIM", all localities also require to gradually popularize BIM technology to reduce the attenuation of information in all links and realize the effective transmission and enjoyment of information.

2. Integrate various forces.

On the basis of optimizing information collection, a "smart site" also needs to integrate software, hardware, technology and information into an interconnected, unified and coordinated system, so that information can be fully enjoyed, and on this basis, people, machines, materials, law, environment and other resources on the construction site can be centrally managed.

In view of the current situation that there are many and miscellaneous construction site management information systems in the market, "Smart Site" integrates various small but sophisticated professional systems applied in the construction site into a unified system platform through the improvement and integration of project management, manual management and material management systems. For example, Chongqing's "Smart Site" construction work plan in 2020 makes it clear that smart sites should have six elements, such as real-name management of personnel, safety management of dangerous sub-projects, project supervision report, project quality acceptance management, building materials quality supervision, and special account management for wages. Jiangsu's Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Construction of Smart Sites also makes it clear that smart sites should cover five aspects: on-site application, comprehensive supervision, decision analysis, data center and industry supervision.

At the same time, "smart site" also intends to improve the integration of BIM, LBS, VR, AR and other technical application software and systems. On the one hand, it improves the application ability of information technology integration, on the other hand, it helps to solve the problems of software and hardware integration and system selection in the market.

3. Data application: improve project management.

Information collection and system integration are all aimed at exerting the value of big data intelligence in improving the management efficiency of construction projects. On the basis of the first two steps, the "smart site" can play a huge potential in data application: "knowing" the site's past, "knowing" the site's present situation and "predicting" the site's future.

For all construction subjects, "smart site" is conducive to the fine management and control of construction: through the centralized collection, transmission, processing, regeneration and utilization of project information, the application of functions such as personnel safety management, construction progress supervision, vehicle unwashed snapshots, on-site equipment monitoring, etc., the decision-making ability and management efficiency of the construction site can be improved, and the project management can be "alert and clear-sighted". In the long run, all project managers can also reduce construction.

For the regulatory authorities, on the one hand, the micro-management of construction projects can be optimized through "smart sites". For example, the Administrative Measures for Online Inspection of Smart Construction Sites in Chengdu (Trial) requires the administrative departments of housing construction in all districts (cities) and counties (including quality and safety supervision institutions) to be responsible for online inspection of smart construction sites of supervised projects, and urge relevant responsible units to rectify and deal with inspection problems in time; On the other hand, "smart construction site" can better realize the linkage management between construction site and market, implement the principle of "excellent construction site and excellent market", popularize the concept of "promoting market with construction site and protecting construction site with market" in construction enterprises, and optimize the macro management of construction market.

"Smart site" is an effective carrier of informatization, intelligence and refinement of construction industry, and also an important link to promote the modernization of construction industry. Its application can improve the ability of industry supervision and enterprise comprehensive management, drive the intelligent transformation of construction enterprises and lead the whole process of project upgrading. Of course, its promotion needs to be based on the promotion and use of intelligent technology and intelligent equipment, supplemented by policy support, measures guarantee and supervision.