Introduction to port management

Port is an important transportation infrastructure and a window to realize export-oriented economy, which provides basic support for national economic construction and foreign trade development. In China, the construction of coastal ports focuses on transportation systems such as coal, containers, imported iron ore, grain, land ro-ro and deep-water sea lanes, especially strengthening the construction of container transportation systems. The government has built a number of deep-water container terminals in Dalian, Tianjin, Qingdao, Shanghai, Ningbo, Xiamen and Shenzhen, laying the foundation for the formation of China container hub port. The construction of coal transportation system has been further strengthened, and a number of coal loading and unloading ship docks have been built. At the same time, a number of imported crude oil and iron ore docks have been rebuilt and expanded. By the end of 2004, there were more than 2,500 intermediate berths in coastal ports, including more than 650 berths of 10,000 tons. In the whole year, the container throughput was 610.5 million TEUs, ranking first in the world. The annual throughput of some big ports exceeds 1 100 million tons, and eight ports including Shanghai Port, Shenzhen Port, Qingdao Port, Tianjin Port, Guangzhou Port, Xiamen Port, Ningbo Port and Dalian Port have entered the top 50 container ports in the world.