Safety and quality management of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects?

With the rapid development of my country's market economy, municipal rail transit has risen rapidly. The emergence of municipal rail transit not only complies with the requirements of social development, but also enriches urban transportation modes. In modern society, rail transit can be said to be the "Internet" and the lifeblood of commuting in the city. Although rail transit provides great convenience to the public and relieves urban traffic pressure, rail transit construction is often relatively difficult. The environment is complex and requires high construction technology. Generally, the construction period is long and the risk of construction accidents is high. Therefore, efficient safety and quality management of several municipal rail transit projects has important practical significance. Based on a brief analysis of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects, this article explores the importance of safety management of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects from two aspects: safety management and quality management.

1 Classification of municipal rail transit projects

According to the current situation of municipal rail transit construction in my country, municipal rail transit projects can be mainly divided into two categories. One category is civil engineering, and the other is electromechanical engineering. The electromechanical engineering can be further divided into three categories: conventional electromechanical equipment, electromechanical systems, and decoration. The conventional electromechanical equipment of municipal rail transit electromechanical engineering mainly includes escalators, central air-conditioning, fire-fighting equipment, lighting equipment, as well as automatic doors, access control, alarm equipment, environmental and monitoring equipment, comprehensive monitoring equipment in the train, etc. The electromechanical system of municipal rail transit electromechanical engineering mainly involves the main substation of the train system, power supply system, power control system, signal control system, communication system and automatic ticket vending system. The decoration of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects mainly refers to the decoration of train stations and trains. Conventional electromechanical equipment, electromechanical systems and decoration are all indispensable components for municipal rail transit electromechanical projects. Therefore, the safety and quality management of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects should also focus on these three links.

2 Safety Management of Municipal Rail Transit Mechanical and Electrical Engineering

2.1 Construction Safety Risk Estimation and Analysis

Municipal Rail Transit Mechanical and Electrical Engineering has a large amount of work, and the entire The construction period of the project is long, the construction is difficult, and the requirements for construction technology are also high. Therefore, the construction risks of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects are relatively high, and it is very necessary to carry out safety management of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects. The following provides a detailed explanation of risks and risk management from the four aspects of electric shock, hoisting, falling from heights, and fire.

(1) Risk of electric shock. Most municipal rail transit electromechanical projects use overhead contact lines for power supply, and the current is a high-voltage current in the rail return mode, which inherently poses a greater risk of electric shock. In addition, during the construction process of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects, construction machinery is used frequently, especially some small and inconspicuous construction machinery that may be running during the construction period, which increases the risk of electric shock to a certain extent. Moreover, the construction environment of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects is relatively complex, and the handover of wire lines is also complicated. It is not uncommon for wires to be constructed irregularly and without protectors. In addition, many construction workers privately connect lines for the convenience of construction. This kind of Human-induced irregular use of electricity greatly increases the risk of electric shock.

(2) Risks of lifting operations. There are many high-altitude operations during the construction process of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects. The lifting arms of high-altitude operation cranes involve a large range of operations. If the crane is not regularly maintained and inspected, the ropes of the crane are worn out and are too old. The skills of the crane operators Unskilled people, no dedicated people on the ground to direct the work, or the length of the crane's boom and rope cannot reach the designated construction point. These factors all increase the risks of hoisting operations to a certain extent.

(3) Risk of falling from heights. A large part of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects are completed by high-altitude operations, such as the installation of decorative ceilings, the installation of electromechanical pipelines, and the installation of the overall roof of elevated stations. Municipal rail transit electromechanical projects require frequent high-altitude operations, which greatly increases the risk of falling from heights.

(4) Fire risk.

The underground construction environment of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects is relatively complex, the whole is relatively small and airtight, and the air circulation is not smooth. Moreover, many building materials are piled at underground construction sites for easy access during construction. Some building materials are flammable and will not be exposed to electric welding, etc. Open flames create a high risk of fire. In addition, given the confined and narrow underground construction environment of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects, it is difficult for personnel to evacuate quickly in the event of a fire.

2.2 Behavioral safety management

(1) Electric shock risk management. In order to avoid the risk of electric shock in municipal rail transit electromechanical projects, we must first ensure the system safety after the entire power system is powered. System safety mainly means that the power system has no loopholes, and the quality of the electric wires and other power components used in the power system has no problem, and After the entire power system was powered on, the circuit showed that everything was normal. In addition, the risk management of electric shock in municipal rail transit electromechanical projects should also start with the safety of construction workers using electricity. Although the hardware safety of the entire power system is fundamental to reducing the risk of electric shock, mechanical and electrical construction workers are the main users of electricity. Therefore, it is very necessary to strengthen the popularization and education of electricity safety knowledge for construction workers. In addition, it is not necessary to pull wires privately. Construction workers who pay attention to the specifications of wire construction should be criticized, and in serious cases, they should be punished in accordance with construction regulations.

(2) Risk management of lifting operations. The management of risks in lifting operations should first start with the quality inspection of the lifting equipment. The inspection of the lifting equipment includes the hardware coordination of the lifting equipment itself, the length and load-bearing capacity of the lifting arm, and the degree of wear and length of the lifting rope. , the operating scope of the crane arm, etc. During the inspection process, the construction party should promptly repair and deal with the areas where the crane does not comply with the building regulations, so as to fundamentally avoid the occurrence of risks in hoisting operations. In addition, the construction party should select crane operators with high professional skills and relatively rich lifting experience, so as to reduce the possibility of lifting problems in the construction process.

(3) Risk management of falling from high altitude. The management of the risk of falling from high altitudes mainly lies in improving the construction safety awareness of construction workers. The builder should enclose the ground radiation range during high-altitude operations, post warning signs to prohibit pedestrians from passing through, and remind ground construction workers to pay attention to safety. In addition, when performing high-altitude operations, it is necessary to ensure that there are people on the ground keeping in contact with the high-altitude workers, to communicate the ground construction status to the high-altitude workers, and to strengthen communication and interaction between high-altitude operations and ground operations.

(4) Fire risk management. Fire risk management in the construction of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects must first formulate a complete fire emergency plan, which ensures that in the event of a fire, the construction team has rules to follow and can escape and rescue according to the instructions of the emergency plan. In addition, the builder should strictly prohibit open flames in the construction environment outside of construction according to the specific construction project, such as prohibiting construction workers from smoking at the construction site, etc., and store flammable and explosive building materials in a safe place. In addition, construction workers should also pay attention to electricity safety and fire safety, not to connect and pull wires indiscriminately, not to overload electricity, and strengthen their awareness of electricity and fire safety.

3 Municipal Rail Transit Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Quality Management

3.1 Physical Quality Supervision

Equipment and material quality supervision. The process of municipal rail transit electromechanical engineering is relatively complex, and the construction equipment and building materials involved are also relatively diverse. To ensure the quality of municipal rail transit electromechanical engineering, we must first ensure the quality of construction equipment and construction materials. First of all, the project builder should ensure that the quality of the construction materials used fully meets national standards and not cut corners driven by immediate interests. Secondly, construction personnel should pay attention to and check the operating status of construction equipment in real time, and promptly report for repairs of problematic construction equipment to avoid greater construction quality problems.

3.2 Quality behavior supervision

(1) Supervision of key construction points. The quality management of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects can start from the supervision of key construction points. Municipal rail transit electromechanical projects have many procedures and cross-cutting operations. However, at the same time, there are relatively few construction supervisors, so municipal rail transit electromechanical projects The construction quality of each construction link of the project cannot be fully guaranteed. Therefore, it is very necessary to supervise the key construction points of the project, such as: the installation and operation status of the power grid in the construction environment, the status of the alarm system, water supply and drainage testing, etc.

(2) Project quality supervision and acceptance. Municipal rail transit mechanical and electrical engineering is an important part of urban infrastructure construction and is also a major project in the urban transportation industry. Therefore, after the entire project is completed, the quality of the project must be verified with caution. The construction responsible party should organize a professional acceptance team to conduct a detailed assessment of the project quality, promptly raise any problems found, and request the construction party to handle and repair them.

4 Conclusion

Municipal rail transit electromechanical engineering is a major project that benefits the country and the people. The safety and quality management of electromechanical projects have important realities for the overall quality of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects. significance. Municipal rail transit electromechanical engineering is not only an important urban infrastructure construction project, but also a necessary way to relieve urban traffic operation pressure. Therefore, research on the safety and quality of municipal rail transit electromechanical projects not only contributes to the safety and security of electromechanical projects during the construction process. Further improvements will be more beneficial to the improvement and development of the entire municipal rail transit electromechanical engineering project.

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