Chen Tie's Life Experience

When the Revolutionary Army entered the theory of Whampoa

During the first cooperation between China and China, Sun Yat-sen founded the first military and political school in Guangzhou, namely Whampoa Military Academy. In May 1924, Chen Tie was admitted to this military school. As soon as he entered the school, he was impressed with slogans such as "Please go to him who is promoted and rich, but not those who are afraid of death", "Support the Three People's Principles of our party and our school", "Down with imperialism", "Down with feudalism" and "Factionalism is a good friend of the Three People's Principles". On June 16th, the opening ceremony of Whampoa Military Academy was held. Whampoa athletes sang the Whampoa school song: "Dear students, the Three People's Principles are the forerunner of our revolution. Revolutionary heroes and national pioneers, make persistent efforts and continue the success of martyrs. Students are fellow students, happy to follow the teaching, and die first. Don't forget today's school. Sprinkle flowers with blood, use school writers, work hard to build China. " At the end of the song, Sun Yat-sen delivered a concise speech. He analyzed the lessons of the past, explained the purpose, and pointed out: "Because there is no revolutionary struggle, ordinary bureaucratic warlords will control the Republic of China, and our revolution will not be completely successful. Therefore, the unique hope of opening this military academy in this place today is to create a revolutionary army to save China from peril! "

From this day on, Chen Tie kept in mind Sun Yat-sen's teaching of "saving China from peril" and studied hard the courses of Three People's Principles, National Revolutionary Movement of China, History of Imperialist Invasion of China, Principles of Socialism, Peasant Movement of China, Workers' Movement of China, Ideological and Political Work, etc., and his thoughts improved day by day. In October of the same year, he took part in the battle to quell the rebellion of the comprador landlords Chen Lianbo and Chen Gongshou led by British imperialism. At the beginning of 1925, he took part in the crusade against Chen Jiongming. In April, he took part in quelling the rebellion launched by Yang Ximin and Liu Zhenhuan, warlords of Yunnan and Guangxi, with the support of British imperialism and Beiyang warlords. Chen Tie was promoted to battalion commander and head of the regiment for his meritorious service in counterinsurgency. In October 1927, Chiang Kai-shek excused himself from the post of head of the regiment. In December, I entered the "special training class" of Luda University to study. In the winter of 1931, Chen Tie and Wei Lihuang graduated from Luda University and returned to Nanjing. Wei was appointed as the commander of the 14th Army and the deputy commander of the 83rd Division of the 14th Army in Chen Ren. In late autumn and early winter of 1935, Chen Tie was appointed as the division commander of the 85th Division. The predecessor of the Eighty-Five Division is the 1th Division newly compiled by Li (Xiaoyan), the former Yuan Zuming Department of Guizhou Army. In March, 1929, the battle between Zhou (Xicheng) and Li (Xiaoyan) took place. Zhou Xicheng was killed in Jigongbei, Balingqiao, Zhenning County, Guizhou Province. When Li captured Guiyang with the assistance of Zhu Xu, a Dian army, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Li as the chairman of Guizhou Province. However, due to the joint attack on Kunming by Hu Ruoyu and Zhang Ruyi of Yunnan Army, Long Yun urged Zhu Xu to lead his troops back to Kunming, and Li felt that he was weak and had to withdraw from Guiyang and follow Zhu Xu to Kunming. Soon, Li gave his men to Long Yun, left Hongkong alone, and died in poverty. Li's new tenth division was transferred to Chongyang in southern Hubei for training and consolidation, and then changed to the eighty-fifth division of the National Revolutionary Army, and Chen Tie was appointed as the teacher.

After the "September 18th Incident" in p>1931, Chen Tie was extremely dissatisfied with Chiang Kai-shek's failure to resist Japan, and agreed with China's * * * production party's anti-Japanese proposition. After the "July 7th" Lugouqiao Incident, Chen held an anti-Japanese mobilization meeting for officers and men of the whole division at Cangzhou Railway Station. In his speech, he was impassioned, recounted the atrocities of Japanese aggression, and wrote a poem: "A black leaf covered the old capital, and the" July 7th "Incident was in Lugou. The storm in the city will be difficult to protect, and it will never stop. " Showed his determination to resolutely resist Japan. The 85th Division, led by Chen Tie, drove to Dezhou and was included in the 14th Army of Wei Lihuang. When Chen Tie led his men to Baoding according to Wei's orders, Wei's army had gone to Nankou to reinforce the 13th Army of Tang Enbo, and Chen Wu, the brigade commander of the 83rd Division, led his troops to the Qianjuntai west of Mentougou to prevent the Japanese army from intercepting the 14th Army from Beiping. When the Eighty-Five Division arrived at Qianjuntai, it was just as the Japanese army was attacking our army that stayed behind Qianjuntai. Chen Tie came to reinforce it, repelled the Japanese attack and saved Qianjuntai.

in October p>1937, in order to occupy Shanxi and control north China, the Japanese invaders commanded three divisions, with about 6, men, and successively captured Ma County and Yuanping, and attacked Xinkou. Xinkou is the gateway to Taiyuan in northern Shanxi. In order to protect Taiyuan, China mobilized about 16 divisions under the command of Wei Lihuang, the deputy commander of the Second World War Zone, to protect the Longwangtang, Nanhuaihua, Dabaishui and Nanyu lines north of Xinkou. Chen Tie was ordered to be transferred to Shanxi to join the 14th Army in the Second World War to fight against Japan. In the defending battle of Taiyuan, Chen Shi was on the far left and was the focus of the Japanese attack. Sakaguchi Seijiro used 2, tanks and more than 1 cannons to storm Chen Shi. Chen Tie led the officers and men of the 85th Division to repeatedly kill and fight the Japanese. After five or six days of hand-to-hand combat, the head of the division, Liu Meisheng, was killed and the division suffered heavy casualties. Hao Mengling, commander of the Ninth Army of Wei Lihuang Department, and Liu Jiaqi, teachers, were also killed one after another. Xinkou was lost and Taiyuan was lost. When Chen Tie applied for resignation because of more than half of his casualties, Chiang Kai-shek did not hold him accountable, repeatedly sent a telegram to give him a reward, and transferred two well-trained regiments from the New Eighth Division to supplement the 85th Division to cooperate with the Eighth Route Army in fighting against the Japanese.

in February, 1938, the 85th Division went north to resist the Japanese attack of Wenxi and Houma, and confronted the enemy. The fighting was extremely fierce. In June, the Japanese army invaded Jiyuan, Henan Province, in an attempt to get through the Japanese liaison line between Yuanqu and Yuncheng in southern Shanxi. The eighty-fifth division blocked the enemy in Puzhang area, and after eight days of fierce fighting, the Japanese army finally beat back. After the war, it was rectified and supplemented, so it was stationed in Yangcheng in the winter of.

In June, 1939, the 85th Division of Chen Tie stationed in the east of Yicheng to monitor the enemy's situation in Yicheng, and defeated the Japanese troops who harassed Yangcheng. After that, it confronted the Japanese army in the area of Shangganling in Yicheng until the spring of 194.

in may, 194, Japanese troops from Yicheng and Jincheng attacked Yangcheng from both east and west, and Chen Tie led the 85th division to stop Japanese troops from advancing eastward from Yicheng. After more than ten days of fighting, a Japanese army made a detour to attack Xiangyang after Chen Shi's flank, while the 85th Division counterattacked the rear of the Japanese army to the right, forcing the Japanese army to return to Yicheng. The 83rd Division of the 14th Army also defeated the Japanese attack and saved Yangcheng. In July, the 85th Division moved to 2 Li Pu, north of Jincheng, and the Japanese army launched a fierce attack on the 85th Division. In the fierce battle, the 85th Division killed more than 5 Japanese soldiers and suffered serious casualties. After the supplement, the 85th Division of Chen Tie went to Zhongtiaoshan for garrison training and consolidation. At the end of the same year, Wei Lihuang was transferred to the first war zone commander, Chen Tie was promoted to the 14th army commander, and the eighty-fifth division was stationed in Mianchi to defend the river.

In May p>1941, Chen Tieling ordered the 253rd and 254th regiments of the 85th Division to cross the Yellow River northward to reinforce the 94th Division north of Yuanqu and the 15th Army of Liu Maoen Corps to fight against the Japanese aggressors. In the spring of 1943, Jiang Dingwen was ordered by Chiang Kai-shek to force Chen to resign as the commander of the 14th Army. In July of the same year, Chen returned to his home in Zunyi, Guizhou from Xi 'an on the grounds of his father's funeral. After fighting against the enemy in Puzhang area, Chen Tie was transferred to Dongfeng and Shangdengban mountain areas between Yuanqu and Yangcheng in Shanxi with the 14th Army, so he had more contacts with the Eighth Route Army and protected the Eighth Route Army cadres from Luoyang and Xi 'an. At the beginning of 1938, Zhu De, Commander-in-Chief of the 18th Army, passed by Yuanqu and lived in the headquarters of Wei Lihuang Army on the outskirts of Yuanqu. Wei introduced Chen Tie and Chen Hongda (Xianqiu), the division commander of the 45th Division, to meet with Commander-in-Chief Zhu De. Since then, Chen Tie has been in close contact with Commander-in-Chief Zhu De, often writing letters and electricity, conducting password contact, and sometimes sending letters to his secretary personally.

In p>1939, Peng Dehuai, deputy commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army, went to Luoyang from Yan 'an to hold talks with Wei Lihuang. When Peng left, Wei arranged for him to stay in the 14th Army headquarters in the western suburbs of Yuanqu after crossing the Yellow River, and "Chen Tie's army commander received him in the Ministry". Chen and Peng talked about the domestic situation, the elimination of military friction between the two countries, cooperation against Japan and so on. When Peng left, Chen's wife, Zhang Fu-ling, said to Peng, "The air is not good now. Mr. Peng passed by, and Zhijian has made good preparations to defend him. I wish the general manager good luck all the way." In order to do a good job in protecting the leaders of the Eighth Route Army of the * * * production party, Chen Tie specially told his teachers to say, "The 14th Army is stationed at the overhanging rock edge in the southeast of Shanxi, with the Yellow River on the back, the Japanese aggressors in the north, Taihang Mountain in the east and Zhongtiao Mountain in the west. We must first get along well with the friendly troops of Taihang Mountain. Our military station is the only way for the 18th Army generals to go to Luoyang and Xi 'an and deliver goods. We have the responsibility to defend it." Once Comrade Liu Shaoqi went from Yan 'an to North China, it was Chen Tie who escorted him through Pang Bingxun to reach his destination safely. It was under the careful planning and arrangement of Chen Tie that the 14th Army Station became a safe passage for important people of the Eighth Route Army of the * * * production party and their materials to and from.

Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek was suspicious of Wei Lihuang and Chen Tieduo, which made Hu Zongnan know about Wei and Chen. From the end of 1939 to the beginning of 194, Hu sent a letter to Wei Lihuang, asking him to go to Xi 'an to discuss the proposal of establishing a United anti-Japanese organization for the heads of generals in two war zones. Chen Tie followed Wei's arrangement and went to Xi 'an to discuss with Hu Mian as a representative of the first war zone. After arriving in Xi 'an, Hu talked with Chen many times in an attempt to understand Wei's trip to Yan 'an. When Hu asked why Wei went to Yan 'an, Chen said: "The two parties cooperated in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and Wei Lihuang also had the task of commanding and supplying the 18th Army. In order to cooperate well, he stopped by Yan 'an to represent the unity and cooperation of the two armies, negotiate with each other and fight together. This is Wei's responsibility to command the Eighth Route Army, and it is also an open secret." When asked about the content of Wei's secret talk with Zhu De, Chen said, "Since it is a secret talk, how should I know?" And asked nonsense: "How do you know?" "If there is, want to also is very common. The Eighth Route Army is an anti-Japanese army in the Second World War Zone. Wei is the chief commander of the first war zone and the deputy commander of the second world war zone. He is responsible for commanding all the anti-Japanese troops stationed in southeastern Shanxi. The anti-Japanese war funds and military materials of the 18th Army are forwarded by the Luoyang War Zone Chief Department, so it is necessary to contact. The cooperation between the two parties is the premise of anti-Japanese. How can it not be negotiated? " In this regard, Hu had to even say: "I am asking casually, asking casually."

In p>1941, Yuan Xiaoxuan, the director of the Eighth Route Army Office in Luoyang, defected, joined Dai Li's door, and reported the contacts between Wei, Chen and Zhong. Wei was quickly removed from the post of commander of the theater and chairman of Henan Province. In the spring of 1943, Chen Tie was also forced to resign as a military commander. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, He Yingqin, commander-in-chief of the army, called Chen Tie to Chongqing and asked Chen to go to Yunnan to be the deputy commander-in-chief of Sun Du First Army, but Chen refused. In the summer of 1946, he went to Mianzhou with Sun Du Army and returned to Zunyi again in 1947.

in p>1948, on the recommendation of Wei Lihuang, the commander-in-chief in Shenyang, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Chen Tie as the deputy commander-in-chief of Shenyang suppression, but Chen declined, but it was too late. Because of repeated urging by Chiang Kai-shek, he started to go to Nanking in late spring of 1948, once again saying that politely refuse would not obey and Chiang Kai-shek would not allow it. In April, Chen flew to Beijing and stayed in Wei Lihuang's home for more than ten days before flying to Shenyang. Although Chen Tie and Wei Lihuang are good friends, they have been separated for five or six years. Therefore, after Chen went to Shenyang, he avoided talking about the past of China, Zhu and Peng. On the 9th of the same year, the Liaoshen Campaign broke out, and Chen was sent to Huludao as the director of the command post. Then, Chiang appointed Du Yuming as the commander of Liaoxi Border Region, and Chen automatically dissolved the command post and flew to Peiping. In November, Chen went to Nanjing to report to Gu Zhutong the reasons for canceling the Huludao command post and to take orders from Beijing. Gu said: "The Northeast has been lost, Huaihai has been defeated, and Tianjin has been tense one after another. The president wants to use the generals from Yunnan and Guizhou to recruit rural volunteers into the army. Wait a few days." Chiang Kai-shek felt that the tide was gone, and attempted to set up the headquarters of "training new troops" in Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou provinces to learn and imitate Zeng Guofan's large-scale training militia in order to make a dying struggle. Gu Zhutong thinks that Chen Tie, the "new army", is a talented person, and recommends Chen Wei as the commander of the "new army" to Jiang to train new recruits in Zunyi, northern Guizhou. In August, 1949, Chen Tie was ordered to set up the eighth training headquarters in Zunyi, and it was planned to have four armies and one sergeant teaching corps. When Chen recruited and established the sergeant corps in Meitan, Renhuai, Zunyi and Zheng 'an, the Ministry of National Defense called Chen Tie to Nanjing to cancel the eighth training headquarters and take over as the second minister of the Ministry of National Defense. Chen refused and asked to keep the sergeant corps that had been recruited and was allowed. Chen Tie nominated Chen Deming as the captain of the Sergeant Corps, and Chen Yongxiang as the deputy captain, which governs three regiments, with Li Yichang, Li Niansun and Xiong Xianyu as the heads of the first, second and third regiments respectively. It is clear that the sergeant corps was replenished by the Guizhou appeasement office. With the consent of Chiang Kai-shek, the Ministry of National Defense ordered it to be organized into 275th Division, which was incorporated into the organizational system of the 19th Army in He Shao on Thursday. At the same time, Chen Tie should be appointed as the deputy director of Guizhou appeasement office. When Chen returned from Nanjing, he met Yu Hsin Chen, a former classmate of Lu University, and was introduced to Shanghai by Chen to meet Min Ganghou, an underground party member. Chen Tie introduced the progressive friends in Guizhou and the activities of Zunyi Progressive Organization to Min, and expressed his willingness to go back to Guizhou to instigate all progressive people to contribute to the liberation of Guizhou and the southwest. Then Chen Tie flew from Shanghai to Chongqing and returned to Zunyi.

After Chen Tie complied, Sergeant Chen Deming met with Li Yichang, Li Niansun and Xiong Xianyu at home. Chen Tie said to Chen Deming and others, "I found a way out for you this time." The Chief Sergeant Corps revolted in Guizhou when the People's Liberation Army entered the southwest.

in November p>1949, China people's liberation army (PLA) had entered Zhenyuan area in southeastern Guizhou, and the 49th Army ordered the 275th Division to go to Ping Huang to stand by. On the night when the troops arrived in Ping Huang, they were instructed by the military department to march in the direction of Kaiyang. On November 28th, the 275th Division opened to Jinsha Andi, where Chen Tie, the teacher Chen Deming, announced the electrifying uprising to the officers and men of the whole division. After that, the 275th Division went to Longping, Zunyi, and was reorganized into China People's Liberation Army, which was under the command of Zunyi Military Division.

In early p>195, Chen Tiefeng was invited to attend the second session of the National Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference. He has been appointed by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China as a member of the Southwest Military and Political Committee, Minister of Agriculture and Forestry, and member of the National Defense Commission. He was elected as a member of the second, third, fourth and fifth Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, a deputy governor of the first, second, third and fifth people's congresses in Guizhou Province, a vice-chairman of the first, second and third CPPCC sessions, and a director of the provincial forestry department. In January 198, he was re-elected as the vice governor of Guizhou Provincial People's Government. He died on February 19th, 1982 at the age of 83.

Comrade Hui Shiru, director of the United Front Work Department of Guizhou Provincial Party Committee, said in his Mourning Tribute to Chen Tie: "Comrade Chen Tie participated in the Northern Expedition and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, opposed foreign aggression and insisted on national independence. During the Anti-Japanese War, I had contact with the leaders of our party, was inspired by our party's United front, longed for progress, and did something beneficial to the revolution. After more than 3 years of liberation, he supported China's production party and socialism and made positive contributions to the great cause of the motherland's reunification and the four modernizations. " This is not only a summary of General Chen Tie's life, but also a proper evaluation of his life.