The teaching plan and knowledge points of the second lesson "Winter in Jinan" in the first volume of Chinese in grade seven.

Jinan is a beautiful city. People praise and praise Jinan everywhere. The singer wrote it as a song, the poet wrote it as a poem, and Lao She wrote it as a prose, which was selected into the first unit of the seventh grade People's Education Press. Winter in Jinan is a poetic prose, which vividly depicts the unique winter scenery in Jinan. The following is the content compiled for everyone, welcome to read for reference.

1. The lesson plan of "Winter in Jinan", the first volume of Grade 7, was compiled by the Ministry.

Teaching objectives 1. Understand the author's detailed description of the main features of the main scenery and express his admiration for Jinan, the treasure land of the motherland.

2. Explain the hierarchical structure of this paper.

3. Cultivate students' ability to use figures of speech such as metaphor and personification.

Teaching process:

First, introduce the new course:

Lao She, a modern writer in China, is known as a "master of language art". His novel Camel and his drama Teahouse have exerted a wide influence on modern literary circles in China. His prose is also fresh and beautiful, and Winter in Jinan is one of them.

Second, read the text for the first time.

1, the teacher reads the text.

2. Students can read aloud freely, learn from dictionaries and find out the pronunciation and meaning of new words.

Ji (j Ρ) Nanyi Ji (j Ρ) (bá o) Snow London (dūn)

(zhùxù) algae (z ù o) narrow (zh ù i) mosaic (xiānɡ)

Third, get a preliminary understanding of the general content and context of the text.

1. On the basis of reading the text for the first time, show the self-study outline and ask students to answer the following three questions: ① What are the general characteristics of winter in Jinan?

② What scenes are specifically described in the article?

(3) How does the author describe the scenery?

2, organize students to discuss the above three questions, clear:

Focusing on the characteristics of "warm sun" in winter, this paper describes the scenery of Jinan, such as mountains, water, cities and snow.

This paper first summarizes the characteristics of "warm and sunny" in Jinan in winter from the perspective of my own feelings, and then describes three pictures of Jinan's warm winter: the panoramic view of Jinan in the sun, the beautiful mountain scenery after snow and the water in Jinan in winter.

3. Understand the structure of the article according to the structure diagram below. And write the main points of each part in the blank space next to the text.

There is a mountain without wind-a mountain with light snow (exquisite)

Treasure land-sunny day-like a cradle (warm and comfortable)

Warm and clear water-water full of green algae (green and clear)

Read and analyze the text carefully.

Guide students to read the text paragraph by paragraph, ask questions and discuss, and guide students to write some brief comments on the content, description method and language of each paragraph in the text. The questions and tips in each paragraph are as follows:

1, paragraph 1

From what angle does the text describe the characteristics of Jinan's "warm sunshine" winter? What kind of expression is used? What does this paragraph have to do with the following?

Clarity: This paper writes the characteristics of Jinan's "warm and sunny" in winter from the perspective of its own feelings. The author compares Jinan with Peiping, where he once lived, and London, where he just left, with the tropics, highlighting the characteristics of Jinan's warm sunshine in winter, and naturally giving a heartfelt admiration of "Jinan is really a treasure". This passage always describes the warm and sunny winter in Jinan, which is the summary of the full text and paves the way for the detailed description later. So this paragraph and the following are the total scores.

② What does the word "loud" mean? There is no wind in winter in Jinan. If the word "sound" is removed, can it? Why?

Clarity: the word "loud" is generally used to refer to a loud voice. But from the context, it refers to "dazzling sunshine". "There is no wind in Jinan in winter" means that the wind in Jinan in winter is not violent, but gentle. If you remove the word "sound", you will say that there is no wind, which is unrealistic.

③ The contents of the side batch are clear:

No Wind —— Compared with Peiping (Miracle)

It's sunny-compared with London (strange thing)

Warm and sunny-compared with tropical areas (solar toxicity)

How does the author describe the geographical environment of Jinan ancient city in the second paragraph? From what angle does the author write about the loveliness of Jinan?

It is clear that "Jinan is surrounded by mountains", which is the characteristic of Jinan's geographical environment and the reason for Jinan's "warm sunshine". The author shows the loveliness of Jinan from people's feelings and psychological descriptions. Guide students to draw personified and visualized sentences and realize their functions.

That is, it shows the true nostalgia of Jinan people for this "charity" winter, and it is also full of the author's infinite love for Jinan winter.

2. Paragraph 3

This paragraph is also about the mountain, which is the scenery after the light snow dyed the mountain. So, what scenes did the author describe from what angle? Say it in class after the discussion.

3. Paragraph 4

(1) After writing about the "moist and delicate" winter in Jinan, the author focused on the scenery outside the city. The author compares the "smallness" in the city with the "spaciousness" outside the city, embellishes the hillside with "small villages" and dyes the roof with light snow, so that readers can see the whole picture of Jinan.

② Experience: "There are some small villages lying on the hillside with some snow on their roofs." The function of the word "lie" in the sentence.

4. Paragraph 5

(1) How does the author write "warm" water?

Qing: The word "warm" is closely followed in the article, saying that the water "not only does not freeze, but is steaming on the duckweed", and the algae in the water "take out all the green stored all the year round", so it "can't bear to freeze". The water also affectionately let "weeping willows with long branches take a picture in the water." After reading this, I feel that the winter in Jinan is really full of amorous feelings, which makes people reluctant to part.

② How did the author collect the full text?

The author closely follows the word "Ming", from bottom to top, and then from top to bottom, draws out the brightness of the whole space from the brightness of the river, and melts the red roof, yellow grass mountain and gray tree shadow into it, depicting the magnificent colors of Jinan in winter under the broad background of Tianshui.

In this context, the highly summarized and passionate sentence "This is Jinan in winter" naturally ended.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) is a summary of the whole text:

1, students read the full text silently and find out the author's various observation points.

2. Summarize the various expressions of the text.

The application of (1) comparison.

The author not only carefully observed and described the winter scenery in Jinan, but also expressed his own subjective feelings, thus infecting readers and giving people an immersive feeling.

2. The lesson plan "Winter in Jinan" in the second lesson of the first volume of the seventh grade Chinese is compiled by the Ministry.

Learning objective: 1. Perceive the whole, grasp the characteristics of Jinan in winter, describe the scenery and its characteristics, and appreciate the author's praise.

2. Be able to find out the accurate and vivid words, metaphors and personification sentences selected in the text, and analyze their subtleties.

3. Learn how the author describes the scene by grasping the characteristics of the scene and integrating the scene.

Pre-class learning activities

1. Extract new words from the text, read the correct pronunciation with the help of reference books and texts and understand their meanings in the text;

2. With the help of libraries, networks, etc. , access to information about Lao She, a preliminary understanding of Lao She and his representative works and poems or famous sentences describing winter;

Read the text repeatedly, you can read your feelings and appreciate the subtlety of the language.

Learning process:

First, the introduction of new courses.

When it comes to winter in the north, what kind of pictures come to students' minds? Students speak freely: it always reminds people of depression scenes such as "heavy snow" and "cold winter". However, in the snowy winter in the north, there is a place with unique scenery: its water "not only does not freeze, but is steaming on the green duckweed" in winter, and this place is Jinan. In this class, under the guidance of Mr. Lao She, we will enjoy the wonders of Jinan in winter.

Second, overall perception.

1, students listen to the teacher's music reading (or playing tapes), and check their mastery of words during listening and reading.

2. Students read the text freely, pay attention to the mastery of tone, speed, intonation and stress, and think about the problem:

What are the general characteristics of winter in Jinan? From which landscapes can you feel this feature?

(2) What are the winter scenes in Jinan? What are the characteristics of these scenes?

(3) The author writes the scenes in a certain order. Can you clarify the level of writing scenes?

(4) What thoughts and feelings did the author express? (discuss and solve in the group after thinking)

Third, reading and appreciating.

After the overall perception, students have a basic understanding of the content of the article, and students can cooperate to explore, further understand and appreciate the article, and taste the accurate and vivid characteristics of the language.

Students study the text deeply and find out their favorite sentences. The teacher provides examples. For students with weak learning ability, teachers can show the following sentences, so that students can restore the text, read aloud repeatedly and experience the beauty of language:

(1) Try to come up with the following sentences and talk about the benefits of underlined words.

1. Please close your eyes and think about it: Is it an ideal state that an ancient city with mountains and water is basking in the sun and sleeping peacefully, just waiting for the spring breeze to wake them up?

"Ancient cities" are heartless things, but the author says that they are "sleeping" and can be "awakened" by the spring breeze, endowing the ancient city with human spirituality and rejuvenating it.

The top of the mountain is all white, with a silver edge for the blue sky.

Writing the word "mosaic" seems to have been deliberately done by the tip of a mountain and Xiaoxue, and it seems to be the ingenious hand of a craftsman, leaving room for imagination.

There are some small villages on the hillside, and there is some snow on the roofs of the small villages.

The word "lie" is in harmony with the word "sleep warm and comfortable" in front, vividly drawing the expressions of the village and Xiaoxue, as if they were all spiritual.

The clearer the sky, the greener the algae. With these green spirits, the water can't bear to freeze, and those weeping willows with long branches will take a picture in the water!

The word "I can't stand it" personifies water. The water is so affectionate, for the sake of the green algae and the reflection of weeping willows, it is still "unbearable" to freeze in winter and still full of spring.

(2) Read the paragraph "The best part is Xiaoxue" carefully, see where it is well written, explain the reasons, and then recite this paragraph.

This topic mainly trains students' ability to read articles intensively, so that students can discover beauty and understand where beauty lies.

There are many accurate and vivid sentences about the hill after snow in this passage. For example, the sentence "Watch it" seems to put the reader in the author's situation and make the reader feel immersive. Another example is not that the top of the tree is covered with snow, but that it is "with a bun of white flowers", followed by "Japanese wet nurse", which is not only vivid but also poetic. Another example is the "shy" modality of snow, and the hillside with "pink" appearance, and so on. , highlighting their beautiful shapes and beautiful mountain scenery.

(3) Read through the full text and find some wonderful sentence excerpts in the notebook.

This problem is mainly to accumulate language materials, which are freely completed by students.

(4) Organize students to exchange learning achievements and teachers' summaries.

Fourth, expand and extend.

1. Organize students to carry out comparative reading: summarize the general methods of scenery description by comparing with spring.

2. Think about why the author can draw such wonderful pictures and why the language is so beautiful. What are the similarities in writing between the experience and the learned text "Spring"? (Student exchange, teacher summary)

Summarize five points:

A. Observe carefully

B. Grasp the features

C. In order (different angles)

D. Use rhetoric

E. Mixed scenes

Verb (abbreviation for verb) assignment

1. Read the winter in Baima Lake after class, and compare with this article.

3. Knowledge points of the second Chinese lesson "Winter in Jinan" in the first volume of the seventh grade.

I. Author's brief introduction Lao She (1899- 1966), formerly known as Shu Qingchun, Beijinger, Manchu, writer. Awarded the honorary title of "People's Artist" by Beijing Municipal People's Government. He has many works, including the novel Camel Xiangzi, Four Generations of a Family, and the plays Teahouse and Longxugou.

Second, the story background

Lao She once taught in cheeloo university, Ji 'nan, and forged a deep love relationship with this city. He once said: "God gave the art of summer to Switzerland, the art of spring to the West Lake, and the art of autumn and winter to Jinan."

In Jinan, an unpretentious ancient city with profound cultural heritage, Lao She's personality fits well with the simple local folk customs, and the honest and frank Jinan people are even more congenial to him, so he made many friends, which soon became fertile ground for his literary creation. This article was written by Lao She193/KLOC-0 when she was teaching in cheeloo university, Jinan in the spring of.

Third, understand words.

Mosaic: To embed one object in or around another.

Single: only refers to; Only; Highlight individual people or things from the general.

Comfortable: comfortable, comfortable.

Sunny day: clear and cloudless.

Source: a source that can be relied upon or expected.

Charity: caring and compassionate; Kind, kind.

Skin: muscle skin.

Elegant: Elegant in speech and manner.

Spacious: spacious; Generous.

Storage: storage, accumulation, refers to the storage of goods and the preservation of money that has been saved or temporarily unused. Put it in a bank or warehouse. It also refers to the accumulated money.

Ethereal: flexible and unpredictable.

Carpet: A heavy woven or felt fabric, usually made of wool, laid on the floor.

Fourth, the text structure

The first part (the first paragraph): I have been writing about the characteristics of Jinan's "warm sunshine" winter.

The second part (②-⑥ paragraph): Write the beautiful scenery of Jinan in winter.

Verbs (short for verb) solve problems and doubts.

1. The author wants to write about winter in Jinan. Why did he write about Beiping, London and the tropics at the beginning?

In the first paragraph, the author compares Jinan with Beiping, London and tropical areas, highlighting the characteristics of no wind, no fog and no scorching sun in Jinan in winter, highlighting the characteristics of "warmth and sunshine" in Jinan in winter, directly expressing his praise and praising Jinan as a "treasure land", which paved the way for the following description of Jinan's mountains, water and sky.

2. "It's not surprising if there is only sunshine." What role does this sentence play in the text?

This is an important turning point. After writing Impression of Jinan in Winter, turn to the following description of the mountains, water and sky in Jinan in winter.

3. "An ancient city, with mountains and water, sleeps warmly and comfortably under the blue sky, just waiting for the spring breeze to wake them up. Is this the ideal state? " What rhetorical devices are used in this sentence, and what is the expression effect?

This sentence personifies the old city with personification rhetoric, making it have the feeling and meaning of life, setting off a comfortable and warm beautiful artistic conception, revealing the author's infinite love for Jinan's winter and expressing the author's praise for Jinan's winter.

4. What order does the author mainly use to write the mountain scenery after snow? What are the advantages of writing like this?

When the author writes about scenery, he mainly shows the light, color and state of snow from high to low, that is, the peak, hillside and mountainside of the spatial order, making the scenery of a mountain clear, mottled and dynamic.

5. What are the advantages of "lying" in the sentence "There are some small villages lying on the hillside and some snow lying on the roofs of small villages"?

The word "lie" shows a state of leisure, which is in harmony with the "warm and comfortable sleep" in front, and vividly writes the gestures of the village and Xiaoxue, as if they are all spiritual, setting off a quiet and comfortable atmosphere.

6. What is the expression effect of "water can't bear to freeze, so those weeping willows with long branches should take a picture in the water"?

"Water can't bear to be frozen" uses anthropomorphic rhetoric to write water affectionately; Photo in the Water not only shows weeping willows' love for beauty, but also shows that water loves weeping willows and respects weeping willows' desire to love beauty like human beings, so it is "unbearable to be frozen". This not only makes the water clear and beautiful, but also highlights the infinite vitality of Jinan in winter and the hazy spring scenery in winter.

7. What are the characteristics of winter water in Jinan?

① Warm: On the contrary, it is steamed on the green duckweed.

② Green: The author writes the green of duckweed and algae to set off the green of water.

(3) Clarity: The author wrote "I want to take pictures in the water" with the long branches of weeping willows to express the clarity of the water. The clear water blends with the blue sky like an ethereal blue crystal.

Sixth, the theme of the text

Focusing on the feature of "warm and clear", this paper mainly describes the city, mountains, water and sky of Jinan in winter, presents a beautiful winter scene with blue sky and warm land for readers, and expresses the author's love and praise for Jinan in winter and his sincere love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland.