Is there a story in ancient times that the slanderer didn't have a good end?

Cai Jing, a treacherous court official in the Northern Song Dynasty, remains famous through the ages.

Cai Jing, with a long word, was a Xianyou native of Xinghua, Fujian in the Northern Song Dynasty. During the reign of Hui Zong, Cai Jing was a pivotal figure, and some even thought that he was the chief culprit of the national subjugation in the Northern Song Dynasty. During his tenure, he was an advocate and right-hand man of Wang Anshi's political reform, but their purposes were quite different. As we all know, Wang Anshi advocated political reform in order to make the soldiers rich and strong; Cai Jing's so-called new law is just to collect more people's fat and paste for Hui Zong to enjoy.

In order to please Hui Zong, during his administration, he successively set up institutions such as Yingfeng Division, Royal Life Division, Camp Maintenance Division and Suzhou-Hangzhou Construction Bureau, and launched the Huashigang Movement to personally serve Hui Zong. Song Huizong and Evonne are extremely corrupt politically and lead a luxurious and wasteful life. He likes flowers and stones. At first, Cai Jing presented flowers and stones from Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Later, the scale became larger and larger. He presided over the Suzhou-Hangzhou Yingfeng Bureau, specializing in finding exotic flowers and stones and transporting them to Kaifeng, Tokyo. These ships carrying flowers and stones are organized into a class every ten ships, from Jiangnan to Kaifeng, along the Huaihe River and Jiaohe River, and they are connected with each other in an endless stream, so they are called flowers and stones classes. According to the History of Song Dynasty, when people served in the Battle of Huashigang, middle-class families went bankrupt one after another, and some sold their children to provide service fees. Cutting down mountains and transporting stones and setting the number of tasks for servants is very harsh. Even if there is a strange stone under the unfathomable water in the rivers and lakes, we should try our best to take it until it is taken out.

In addition, he also made great efforts to build Yanfu Palace and Genyue, which cost millions. Set up "Xicheng Broad Field Institute" to search for private fields extensively; In order to make up for the fiscal deficit, the salt law and tea law were changed to ten big money, the currency system was chaotic, and people's grievances were boiling. At that time, people called him "the head of the six thieves", full of evil and unforgivable.

In the first year of Jingkang (1 126), Song Qinzong ascended the throne, and Cai Jing was exiled to Lingnan, and died in Tanzhou (now Changsha) on the way. Wang Mingqing recorded the cause of Cai Jing's death in "After Dust Blowing": "Chang Yuan ran away at the beginning and refused to sell food and drink halfway. As for the abuse, he did everything. He died of poverty and hunger. "

Obviously, Cai Jing died of "poverty and hunger". However, was Cai Jing really poor at that time? According to historical records, Cai Jing was exiled to Lingnan. Before he left, he loaded a ship with gold, silver and jewels, which was obviously not poor. Why starve to death if you are not poor? It turned out that people along the way hated this great greed and didn't sell him "food and drink". From Kaifeng to Changsha, it is difficult for Cai Jing to buy a bite of rice, a dish and a cup of tea. When he arrived in Changsha, he had nowhere to rest and had to live in a ruined temple in the south of the city. He is sick and sleepy, hungry and cold. At this point, he really introspected: "Beijing has lost the hearts of the people, how can this happen!" Finally, he "put his stomach on his back" and starved to death. According to historical records, Cai Jing had no coffin after his death, so he had to wrap it in cloth and bury it in a leaky garden specially built for the poor, sick and homeless. Where are the thousands of dollars now, leaving only eternal infamy.

Zhang Bangchang: Pingchu hangs upstairs.

Zhang Bangchang was born in Dongguang Zhangjiawan (now Dalongwan, Dongguang County, Hebei Province) of Yongjing Army. The Zhang family is a well-known local family, but their family circumstances are not very good. He has been bohemian since he was a child and likes to make friends with local ruffians and hooligans. His father was afraid that he would make trouble and sent him to a private school. /kloc-at the age of 0/5, Zhang Bangchang took the county exam as a student (scholar). At the age of 20, he took part in the provincial examination organized by the Ministry of Rites and was admitted to Jinshi. From then on, Zhang Bangchang stepped into the officialdom. Although Zhang Bangchang didn't have much real talent and learning, a good word won him a lot of praise at that time, and he was extremely good at flattery, so his career flourished as soon as he entered the officialdom. Before long, he became a big company. Later, due to dereliction of duty, he was demoted to Chongfu Palace, which was in charge of Guangzhou and Ruzhou. In the last years of Zheng He, Hongzhou was promoted to Assistant Minister of Rites. In less than ten years, he was promoted from a powerless local official to a powerful court official, which was very rare at that time.

When he was an official in the imperial court, he tried every means to please his boss. On one occasion, his boss, the mother of Premier Li Gang, celebrated her birthday. In addition to carefully preparing gifts, Zhang Bangchang also participated in the whole organization and planning process, and was very busy before and after running. At that time, people sarcastically said that Li Gang's mother was her "second mother". In order to please, he said, "Your Majesty, since Baining, auspicious things have happened all over the world, so it should be regarded as a flag." Song Huizong is a bad king who only knows pleasure. After listening to Zhang Bangchang's performance, he was very happy and agreed. So, in the first year of Xuanhe (1 1 19), Zhang Bangchang was promoted to Shangshu Youcheng, then Shangshu Zuocheng, and soon transferred to Zhongshu Assistant Minister. After Song Qinzong acceded to the throne, Zhang Bangchang was worshipped as Shaozai and deputy prime minister, and became an important figure inside and outside the imperial court.

1 126, 8 jin j launched a massive attack on the northern song dynasty, and Song Huizong hastily passed the throne to prince Zhao Heng and fled to the south of the Yangtze river. Song Qinzong ascended the throne of the emperor in the stormy weather, and the voice of killing the enemy and protecting the family in the imperial court became louder and louder. Under the strong appeal of courtiers, Song Qinzong appointed Li Gang, the leader of the hawk faction, as the capital garrison, appointed Zhang Bangchang as Shaozai, and announced personal expedition. In the Song Dynasty, the army and people were United as an enemy, and their morale was very high. Seeing that it could not succeed at the moment, the nomads from the army sent messengers to make peace. Li Bangyan and Zhang Bangchang, the ruling ministers, were afraid of death and urged Qin Zong to agree to these humiliating conditions. Qin Zong listened to Zhang Bangchang's slanderous remarks and sent the king and the king to make peace for the hostages. In February of that year, Yao, the general of the Northern Song Dynasty, planned to lead an army to attack, capture the nomads from behind and take command. Unexpectedly, the news leaked out and Song Jun was defeated. This annoyed Wang Zong. He interrogated King Kang and Zhang Bangchang, accusing Song Fang of "treachery" and violating the peace treaty. Zhang Bangchang thought that he was going to die, and he was at a loss and burst into tears. He even said that the night attack was not the intention of the court. Wang Zong felt that this coward would be used by Jin people in the future, so he spared him.

After that, Song Qinzong sent King Su as a hostage in exchange for King Kang. After returning to Song Ying, Qin Zong thought that Zhang Bangchang's defense was active, and he added officials, including Taizai and Assistant Minister, and personally signed an agreement on the separation of the three towns, appointed Zhang Bangchang as the special envoy to cede territory to Hebei Road, and dismissed Li Gang. Since then, Zhang Bangchang has replaced Li Gang as the prime minister of the imperial court, and he has been in power for some time.

Qinzong's humiliating surrender policy angered many patriots. Chen Dong, a former university student, led a former university student to write a letter under Xuande's door, demanding that Li Gang be reinstated, and tens of thousands of people responded. In desperation, Qin Zong reinstated Li Gang. Jin people were afraid of Li Gang's wisdom and worried that the arrival of reinforcements would be delayed for a long time, so they withdrew their troops and returned to the north. Nomads from retreat, Qin Zong thought that the world was at peace, Hui Zong returned to Tokyo, and they lived a dissolute life again. The good times did not last long, and Han Zong of the State of Jin began to lead an army to invade the Central Plains again, and the Song Dynasty was once again in crisis. In order to prevent Qin Zong from continuing the discussion of dividing up the land, the hawks wrote a letter accusing Zhang Bangchang of collaborating with the enemy as a national thief. Qin Zong had to demote Zhang Bangchang as a college student in Guan Wendian and an imperial envoy of Zhongtaiyi, and stopped the discussion of dividing fields. But that winter, the capital was completely occupied. Nomads from the Golden Army ransacked Tokyo and captured two emperors. The Jin people were afraid of disobedience of the Song army and civilians, and did not dare to annex them directly. They thought Zhang Bangchang was easy to control, so they asked the ministers of the Northern Song Dynasty to put forward their suggestions and acclaimed Zhang Bangchang as the emperor. Some people who are good at have it both ways have signed the written persuasion form to save their lives. Jin people think that this foreshadowing can come to an end, so in February of the second year of Jingkang, they read a book:

"Scholar Zhang Bangchang, Tian Yu dredge, Shen Zirui zhe, in the name of loyalty, home Wen Xiaoyou's name, the return of real destiny, is the department of human feelings, choose its sage, who is not his son? Is to use books to make you emperor, with the title of Da Chu, all in Jinling. Outside the Yellow River, except the Xixia Seal, the battlefield remains the same. Assist the royal family and be a vassal forever. "

However, Zhang Bangchang did not dare to take the world by storm and repeatedly passed the buck. So Jin people let out malicious words. If on the seventh day, Zhang Bangchang still refuses to be emperor, or the officials, soldiers and people in the city don't support him to be emperor, then kill the minister first, and then the soldiers will bloodbath Bianjing City. At this time, officials came to visit Zhang Bangchang as soon as possible to avoid being killed. On the seventh day, the control officials Xuanzan and Scheeren Wu Ge revolted and were immediately suppressed by the Jin people. Zhang Bangchang saw that the situation was getting out of control, so he decided to seize the opportunity to become emperor.

In the second year of Jingkang (1 127), Zhang Bangchang entered the city on the first day of March. Thousands of civil and military officials and tens of thousands of ordinary people crowded at the city gate waiting to meet him. In order to hide his eyes and ears, he got off the horse from Shangshu, wailed in Kuiting, and later bowed to the north. Jinshi knelt down, signed the national seal, and thanked him. Then he announced the establishment of the "Da Chu" Dynasty, and in this way, the puppet emperor Zhang Bangchang stepped onto the historical stage and became an out-and-out traitor.

After the Golden Man left, Zhang Bangchang hypocritically took off his imperial robe, put on an ochre robe, covered it with a red robe, officially sat on the golden throne of Wende Hall, and began to send officials to appease the people and negotiate with the Golden Man. Zhang Bangchang was promoted to the throne and stepped down for 33 days. In these 33 days, it is said that he was not in the main hall to handle state affairs, held regular meetings at the court, did not come out to see ministers, did not call himself me, issued orders to use calligraphy instead of letters, claimed to be "Yu" but dared not call me, and was called "xianggong" by ministers but dared not call him "Your Majesty". All the gates of the Forbidden City are locked with the words "Bangchang" on them. All these show that "Zi Di" is cautious and treading on thin ice.

Because the Song Dynasty was unable to suppress the rebellion of the people, the situation in the whole country was still very chaotic, which caused strong dissatisfaction among the Jin people. On April 3 of that year, the Jin people abolished the throne. At this point, the "Chu" regime that existed for 33 days came to an end.

On April 25th, Zhao Gou, King Kang, succeeded to the throne. This move was strongly supported by the other ministers of the Song Dynasty at that time, and the ruling and opposition parties were jubilant. People think it is time to restore the rivers and mountains, and eagerly look forward to the arrival of Zhao Gou, King Kang. Seeing this, Zhang Bangchang quickly adjusted his strategy and put his money on Zhao Gou. He quickly led officials and others to disembark and go to Nanjing to meet Kang Wang at the ceremony. In order to win Kang Wang's forgiveness, I watched "Cry to Death" by Queen Kang. He said to himself, "So, how dare you have him if you want to treat the symptoms instead of the root cause?" Trying to defend his "treason" behavior. In May, Zhao Gou proclaimed himself in Yingtianfu, and changed his name to Jianyan for the sake of Emperor Gaozong. Zhang Bangchang knelt down to congratulate him. Emperor Gaozong named him Taibao, Ambassador of the National Army and King of Tongan County. On the 5th, he went to Tang Dou to attend the ceremony, and soon he was promoted to be a teacher, ranking third.

In order to win the favor of Zhao Gou, he seized the lewd characteristics of Zhao Gou and gave his gorgeous adopted daughter and incense to the emperor for fun. According to the "Shun Tang Legacy" written by Song people, in order to please people, it took a lot of thought. Lotus fragrance is the "chip" he prepared many years ago. The purpose of adoption and incense is to guard against unexpected needs, and now it has finally come in handy. According to the article, in order to make He Xiang more "lethal", Zhang Bangchang specially hired a pimp in a brothel to train He Xiang's "obsequiousness" and let him exercise the charm of superman confusing men. And incense into the palace, "missionary", Zhao Gou also immediately fell in love with this beautiful woman, drinking all day, no intention to deal with failure. Zhang Bangchang's idea was not in vain. He quickly won the respect and trust of Zhao Gou and regained his long-lost power.

But it didn't last long. Soon, Jin Wushu led an army of nomads from the Jin army to capture the city gate again, and the emergency information of the army could not be sent to the emperor. Because Hexiang told eunuchs not to send letters inside. Nomads from the door, such as Zhao Gou fled from the back door in a panic. Adan hurriedly fled and was caught by the nomads from the army. He Xiang, dressed in a demon costume, knelt in front of Jin Wushu and said with an accent, "My concubine wanted to pester Zhao Gou until the fourth prince came ..." Jin Wushu was so beautiful when he looked at him carefully, trying to keep her. But then I thought, no, Hexiang, this is a betrayal for glory, and staying is a disaster, so I ordered to kill it.

Since then, the army of Jin Wushu has swept through most parts of the south of the Yangtze River, and the small court in the Southern Song Dynasty is in jeopardy. Courtiers in the Southern Song Dynasty blamed all this on the actions of Zhang Bangchang's father and daughter, and complained in succession. Queen Meng has always hated him since she became emperor. In addition, she urged Zhao Gou to order his death. At the same time, some people also reported that Zhang Bangchang defiled the imperial secretary in the palace. Only then did Zhao Gou write a letter: "Bangchang dared to live in the imperial palace and raped a private secretary, which shows his situation." In June, Zhang Bangchang was demoted to Tanzhou for "resettlement", "to make the supervisor always know", to eat and live, and all actions should be reported to Shangshu Province every month.

A few months later, Zhang Bangchang was abolished by the Nomads. At that time, under the strong demand of public opinion and hawks, Emperor Gaozong had to give Zhang Bangchang a death edict in September of the same year, and sent an imperial envoy to execute it in the temple. In fact, Zhao Gou sympathized with Zhang Bangchang, but there was nothing he could do because of the unanimous opposition inside and outside the palace. Before Zhang Bangchang was executed, he announced: "Zhang Bangchang's death will not implicate nine families." It is said that after Zhang Bangchang knelt down in Changsha to listen to the imperial edict, he was still "reluctant to commit suicide" and was forced by the administration. Zhang Nai boarded the Pingchu Building of Tianning Temple in Tanzhou and hanged himself with a sigh, ending his shameful life.

■ Jia Sidao: a great traitor in the Southern Song Dynasty.

Jia Sidao is a famous traitor in the history of China. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, when his political corruption and national luck declined, he quickly climbed from a prodigal son who specializes in eating, drinking, whoring and gambling to a high position as the right prime minister and envoy of the Tang Dynasty. He cruelly oppressed the people and lived a very dissolute and luxurious life. When the Yuan army attacked the Song Dynasty on a large scale, he surrendered to the enemy and became a sinner who betrayed the interests of the country and the nation, and finally ended up with a shameful end that everyone spurned.

Jia Sidao was born in Jiading, Song Ningzong for six years (12 13), and his father was a cunning corrupt official. After he was born, he inherited his father's treachery and spent all day drinking and drinking, with no talent.

Later, Jia Sidao's sister became the imperial concubine of Song Lizong. Naturally, Jia Sidao passed the "examination" at the age of 25 and became a military and political supervisor. Since then, life has become more corrupt. During the period of 10, Jia Sidao learned the art of intrigue, and because of the special status of his uncle, he became the Privy Council at the age of 4 1.

1233, that is, Song Lizong was five years short, and Mongolia put forward the clause of "uniting Mongolia to destroy gold" to the government of Southern Song Dynasty. The visionary government of the Southern Song Dynasty thought it could get rid of foreign invasion, so it made an alliance with Mongolia. Later, in the first year of Duanping (1234), the Song and Mongolian allied forces successfully destroyed the gold, but Mongolia violated the previously set terms and cut Song Yingde's land. Song, who was weak, sent troops to fight, which didn't help. Not only was it defeated, but it was invaded by Mongolia again in 1258 because of Song's "breach of contract".

After the disastrous defeat of the Southern Song Dynasty, Li Zong ordered Jia Sidao to fight against the Mongols. Jia Sidao had no military talent at all, so he made peace with the Mongols privately after the war and promised to lobby the court to pay tribute to Mongolia. For the first time, Meng Jun didn't want to. Later, Mongo, one of the Mongolian generals, died in the fishing city. Knowing that Kublai Khan was going back to China to regain Khan's status, Jia Sidao seized the opportunity to sign a peace treaty with later Yuan Shizu, offering 202,000 silver and 200,000 silk.

After private peace talks, Jia Sidao joined forces with other generals to attack while the Mongols retreated, killing only 170 foreign enemies. /kloc-more than 0/70 soldiers are insignificant for Mongolians with sufficient strength. However, Jia Sidao regarded it as an "unprecedented" feat and naturally exaggerated it. He even offered "good news" and did not report the real reason for the retreat of the Mongols. He reported to Li Zong: "All roads won, Hubei began to clear, and Han Hui was eliminated. The restoration of clan society in distress is a blessing without borders. "

When Japanese cases got the news, they were deceived by Jia Sidao and were ecstatic. Not only did he give Jia Sidao the honor of defending the country and being a marshal, but he also praised Jia Sidao greatly, which made all officials in the DPRK, China, civil and military welcome Jia Sidao to "return home in triumph". After Jia Sidao came to power, he abused his power and killed Cao Shixiong and Xiang Shibi who were "rude" to him in the military camp, saying that they embezzled and stole official money in the army. As a result, they were exiled. Another general, Gundam once satirized Jia Sidao in the army, so Jia Sidao said that Gundam was not in front of Japanese Sect and hoped to get rid of Gundam. Fortunately, Marie Laure Gigon had some wisdom and didn't kill Gundam.

After Gundam's murder failed, Jia Sidao and his colleagues edited "Discrimination of Hua Fu" to "praise" his "heroic deeds" in resisting Mongols. After that, Song Duzong ascended the pole for five years. In order to test his important position in the DPRK, Jia Sidao said in front of Du Zong that he was old and needed to return to China to be blessed. Du Zong didn't want to lose his "military genius", so he decided to allow Jia Sidao to go to court only once every six days, instead of saluting like a hundred officials. Later, he went to court every ten days. Jia Sidao proved that his position in Korea was similar to that of the emperor.

When Xiangyang was besieged by Mongols, border documents came one after another, saying that Jia Sidao "pleasure comes first, state affairs comes second" and could not hide it from the court. Later, in the eighth year of Xianchun, that is, 1272, when Du Zong went to sacrifice, it began to rain. Du Zong accepted the advice of his beloved father, Hu Guifei, and proposed to return to the palace, which made Jia Sidao "dissatisfied". He pretended to leave the palace and go home. Du Zong begged and listened to Jia Sidao's words and sent his beloved Hu Guifei to be a nun in order to get Jia Sidao's "forgiveness".

Xiangyang was besieged by Meng Jun, and Jia Sidao was all crushed. On one occasion, the court asked him to go to war, so Jia Sidao bribed the minister and told Du Zong that Jia Sidao would stay in the central government and "control the overall situation".

After Song Duzong's death, the Mongolian army attacked Ezhou, and Taitai students in the Southern Song Dynasty proposed Jia Sidao to go out on a personal expedition. Under the pressure of the masses, Jia Sidao had to go to war, so he made peace with the Mongols again, but the Mongols didn't care about the content of the peace treaty.

Finally, Jia Sidao was defeated, deported, placed in Zhou Xun and confiscated his property. Later, Zhao ended Jia Sidao's life with a Yellow Sect killer. Jia sidao was teased by a killer before his death and finally strangled in an ancient temple.

Throughout Jia Sidao's life, he was greedy and cruel, dissolute and extravagant, bullying the good and fearing the evil, and full of hooliganism. He was a typical corrupt bureaucrat and big landlord in the late Southern Song Dynasty. The appearance of Jia Sidao in history is not accidental. He was born from the corrupt body of the Southern Song Dynasty regime. What he did reflected the decline of the feudal ruling group in the Southern Song Dynasty and accelerated the demise of the Song Dynasty.

Liu Jin: I cut thousands of dollars a year.

Liu Jin, born in Xingping, Shaanxi Province, whose real name is Tan. When he was 6 years old, he was adopted by eunuch Liu Shun, and later became a eunuch in the palace, so he took Wei Liu's surname to serve the prince, later known as Mingwuzong. He is good at reading minds, improvising and being trusted. After the prince succeeded to the throne, he was promoted several times and climbed to the eunuch throne of the official seal. As soon as he came to power, he tempted Wu Zong to be arrogant and extravagant, and took the opportunity to specialize in political affairs. At that time, it was called the emperor, and Wu Zong was the emperor. He rejected dissidents, and most honest officials in North Korea were persecuted by him. The abbot Han Wen was dismissed from office and imprisoned, and Yang Yuan, the supervisor of the five senses, was clubbed to death ... while Liu Yu, Jiao Fang and other villains went to the door and became their henchmen.

The concentration of power stimulated his greed. He used his power to corrupt. He suggested that Wu Zong order all provincial treasures to be thrown into the capital, where he embezzled a lot of silver. He openly took bribes and demanded bribes, engaging in power and money transactions. When officials from all over the country go to Beijing for pilgrimage, they all pay bribes to him. This is called "meeting ceremony". The cost is as high as 1200 yuan, and some are as high as 5,200 yuan. Some people had to lend money to the rich in Beijing in order to pay bribes, which was called "Beijing debt" at that time. All officials who are promoted and return to Beijing to report on their work should give gifts to Liu Jin. In addition, he also sent his cronies to work in the local area to collect money for them. According to Ming Wuzong's records, Liu Jin "ravaged Huguang with assistant minister Han Fu and gave more than 100,000 yuan in silver". People who are good at bribing often have a prosperous career, such as Governor Liu Yu, who paid him tens of thousands of taels of silver and rose to the official position. Liu Jin's greed and despotism have brought endless disasters to the country and people.

In April of the fifth year of Zheng De (15 10), Zhu Jian, the king of Anhua, took the opportunity to launch a rebellion. The rebellion was quickly put down because of its unpopularity. Eunuch Zhang Yong took advantage of the opportunity of offering prisoners to expose Liu Jin's crimes to Wu Zong. Liu Jin was arrested, and millions of gold and silver were found at home, as well as forged seals, jade belts and other contraband. After a joint trial, Liu Jin was sentenced to one year. In August of the same year, in the execution ground of Caishikou, the father-in-law Liu, who was nearly sixty years old, finally ended his sinful life.

Wei Zhongxian: The First Case of Yandang Rebellion in Ming Dynasty

Wei Zhongxian, a great traitor in the history of China, was originally named Li Jinzhong, a eunuch in China in the late Ming Dynasty. He is from Suning, North Zhili (now Hebei). He used to be a street scoundrel. Later, he was forced to castrate himself by gambling debts and became a eunuch in the palace. Make friends with Wang An, the eunuch of Taiuterus, and be protected by him. Later, I met Zhu Youxiao, the great grandson of the emperor, and had dinner with her. For the emperor's eldest grandson, he did his best to flatter him and lured him to give a banquet, which won his favor. In the first year of Taichang (1620), Zhu Youxiao acceded to the throne as Xizong, with the title of Apocalypse. Wei Zhongxian was promoted to eunuch of Li Si.

Ming Xizong is a "carpenter genius", who likes the work of cutting paint with a knife, saw and axe, and "makes it every day". "Every time you build it, you can forget to eat and sleep, and you can't sleep in cold and summer." He personally built a small palace in the yard, just like a shriveled Qing palace. It is not more than three or four feet high, but it is subtle and ingenious. Wei Zhongxian always takes advantage of his concentration on carpentry to ask him to read an important document. Xizong casually said, "I thought of it! Your generation is good at this. " Wei Zhongxian gradually became good at politics.

At that time, Zhao Nanxing, an official of the Party, rejected the objection in court, so the non-party was very angry and made friends with Wei Zhongxian. In the fourth year of the Apocalypse (1624), Wei Zhongxian was impeached by Yang Lian, but he survived, so he began to persecute and suppress Lindong party member on a large scale. In the fifth year of the Apocalypse (1625), Wei Zhongxian used the Xiong Tingbi incident to frame Zuo Guangdou, Yang Lian, Zhou Qiyuan, Zhou Shunchang, Miao Changqi and others of Lindong Party for taking bribes, which was called "the prison of six gentlemen" in history and searched for Lindong party member. The following year, Wei Zhongxian killed Gao Panlong, Zhou Zongjian, Huang Zunsu, Li Yingsheng and others. Donglin Academy was completely demolished and lectures were suspended. Sun Chengzong, Yuan Keli and other honest officials in charge of border defense were also dismissed. At this point, the Lindong Party was completely wiped out by the eunuch forces, and Lindong was "connected, and the head was over."

Wei Zhongxian was trusted by the Emperor's wet nurse, Hakka. He was named "Nine Years Old" and raised many adopted sons among the people, such as "Five Tigers", "Five Dogs", "Ten Children" and "Forty Grandsons". In its heyday, local officials flattered him and set up shrines for him, and even Yuan Chonghuan, the governor of Liaodong, took an active part in it.

In August of the seventh year of the Apocalypse (1627), Xizong died of illness, and his brother Zhu Youjian acceded to the throne. He is Emperor Chongzhen. Undoubtedly, Wei Zhongxian also wanted to control Emperor Chongzhen. It is said that he once used a fragrant pill called "ecstasy" to present four national colors. He tried to turn Emperor Chongzhen into an idiot, but he didn't succeed.

Emperor Chongzhen ascended the throne at the beginning, cautious and unmoved. In September, he took the first measure to drive the Hakkas out of the palace. 10, impeaching Wei Zhongxian and Wei Party suddenly appeared. In November, Wei Zhongxian was removed from the positions of Silijian and Dongchang, exiled to Fengyang, and committed suicide on the way.

Sun Zhixie: the initiator of the haircut order.

Shaving off the forebrain and leaving a braid behind it is a popular custom of Manchu. In order to make the Han people submit, the Qing rulers imposed it on them. However, it was Sun Zhixie, the surrender minister of the Ming Dynasty of the Han nationality, who first invited the Han people to have their hair shaved.

Sun Zhixie was a scholar in the late Ming Dynasty. He was censored and transferred to study. Sun Zhixie became an official when Wei Zhongxian was in power. Eunuch was very popular, so he became one of the eunuchs, and he really had a good life. After the fall of Wei Zhongxian in the first year of Chongzhen (1628), Emperor Chongzhen of Ming Dynasty ordered the destruction of the Compendium of Three Dynasties written by Yan Party to exclude and kill dissidents. Sun Zhixie once went to the ancestral temple to cry with the Suicide Letter of Three Dynasties, which was despised by literati. In August of this year, the court "cut Sun Zhixie" and asked him to go back to his hometown to live.

After the Qing army entered the customs, Sun Zhixie bowed to his knees, shaved his head and left a braid with a domestic slave, put on a full set of clothes, and wholeheartedly waited for the arrival of Shandong Manchu master! In order to win the hearts of the people, the Qing court accepted him and made him an assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites. But that's not why he's notorious. The creation of the "tonsure order" is the main reason why Sun Zhixie is firmly remembered by all and engraved on the historical shame column! When the Qing army first entered Beijing, due to the uncertainty of the world, the ministers of the Ming dynasty were allowed to wear Ming costumes when they went to court, but the ministers of Manchu and Han stood in one shift each. However, this Sun Zhixie, in order to please the Manchu people, has a heart of "being different to show his relatives". One day, when he went to court, he became "brand-new", not only shaved his hair, left a braid, but also changed into the clothes of Manchu officials. When the ministers entered the classroom at Tang Chao Railway Station, he entered the ranks of ministers of the Qing Dynasty kindly. Minister of the Manchu Dynasty prides himself on being superior to others. How can he tolerate Sun Zhixie, a subordinate of the Han Dynasty, and their class? You pushed me and pulled him out of class. Sun Zhixie cut his throat and angrily walked back to Hanban. Chen Han hated him for being too likable and refused to let him into the class one by one. Sun Zhixie wandered between two classes, in a dilemma.

So in a rage, Sun Zhixie proposed to the Manchu Dynasty that he should order the Han people to shave their heads and leave braids. Dourgen, who had long wanted to completely show that he had conquered the Central Plains, adopted this suggestion and issued a haircut order in June of the second year of Shunzhi (1645). Where the Qing army went, it was limited to 10 days. "The literature, the army and the people are all shaved, and those who do not follow the rule of law are ruled by the army." When you travel, you can see soldiers and brave people patrolling towns and villages with barbers on their backs. There is a pink card on the burden that says "Leave your head without hair, leave your hair headless". Catch one when you see one, forcibly shave your forehead and leave a braid on your back.

Shaving one's head is a popular custom of Manchu, but for thousands of years, because of the concept of "wearing fur, parents dare not damage it, and filial piety begins", Han people do not shave their heads and "wear clothes to tie their hair" has become the external symbol of Han people. Shaving hair seriously hurts the feelings of Han people, making them lose their external symbol as Han people and the last psychological defense line of not being slaves. People are struggling, and the bitter struggle against shaving is surging.

In the autumn of the third year of Shunzhi (1646), a peasant uprising led by Xie Qian broke out in Shandong, and Sun Zhixie happened to return home in rags. Peasant troops invaded Zichuan, captured them alive and showed them to the public. People pricked his body with pinholes and covered it with hair to punish him for flattering the Qing court to shave his hair and hurt his compatriots, and then beheaded Cheng Cao to expose his body. This villain who sold his ancestors and soul for the future, after several years of scenery, finally ended up with a reputation all over the world. When the news came out, people clapped their hands and said they deserved it.