How to correctly understand the fire awareness in safety work

First, fire prevention is the mainstay.

Fire fighting means putting prevention first. In carrying out fire fighting work, security guards combine civil air defense, technical defense and prevention to prevent problems before they happen.

Second, there are three kinds of fire burning substances.

Combustible: substances that react chemically with oxygen or other oxidants in the air are called combustible. Combustion-supporting substance: that is, substances that can undergo oxidation reaction with combustible substances are called oxidants. Ignition source: an energy source that provides combustible substances or combustion-supporting substances for combustion reaction. Common is heat energy, as well as other heat energy converted from chemical energy, electric energy and mechanical energy.

Third, fire common sense

Cooling method: Spray the fire extinguishing agent directly on the combustible, so as to lower the temperature of the combustible below the self-ignition point, thus stopping the combustion.

Asphyxiation method: prevent air from entering the combustion zone, or dilute the oxygen content in the air with inert gas, so that the combustion substance is deprived of oxygen or isolated from oxygen and extinguished.

Isolation method: it is to isolate or evacuate combustible materials from nearby combustible materials, so as to stop burning.

Suppression method: inject chemical extinguishing agent into the combustion zone to participate in the combustion reaction, prevent the chain reaction and stop the combustion reaction.

Fourth, the fire knowledge formula

I understand: safe evacuation in an emergency.

Second knowledge: know the storage location of fire extinguishers; Three: four meetings of road fire alarm telephone: fire alarm must be reported; Can use fire extinguishers; Will put out the initial fire; Will eliminate general faults.

5. How to report the fire in case of fire?

1. Call the police directly at 1 19.

2, explain the detailed address of the fire unit or individual.

3, indicating that the fire.

4. Explain the fire

5. Make clear the name and telephone number of the alarm person.

6, after the alarm to send someone to the main intersection to meet the fire truck.

Six, the use of fire extinguishers

In case of fire, hold the fire extinguisher at the fire point, hold the nozzle with one hand, pull out the safety pin with the other hand, hold the handle, shoot horizontally at the root of the flame, swing left and right, and advance quickly to prevent backfire. Shake the fire extinguisher up and down several times before use. Make the fire extinguisher achieve the best effect when extinguishing the fire. 4 kg dry powder fire extinguisher has an effective range of 3-5 meters, and 2 kg dry powder fire extinguisher has an effective range of 2-3 meters.

Seven, the types of fire

1. Common fire (Class A): all fires caused by solid substances such as wood, paper, cotton, cloth and plastic.

2. Oil fires (Class B): all fires caused by self-igniting liquids and solid grease objects, such as gasoline, oil and kerosene.

3. Gas fire (Class C): Any fire caused by gas combustion and explosion is called gas fire, such as natural gas and coal gas.

4. Metal fire (Class D): fire caused by potassium, sodium, magnesium, lithium and substances that prohibit water.

Eight, fire is divided into two categories.

Divided into spontaneous combustion and man-made. Lightning strike, material heating and spontaneous combustion. Man-made is caused by people's ideological paralysis or arson damage by criminals.

Nine, the fire is divided into three levels.

1. General fire: the loss is less than 50,000 yuan, 3 people are killed or 30 households are affected.

2. Major fire: loss of more than 50,000 yuan, three deaths or more than ten casualties.

3. Extraordinary fire: more than 0 people died 10 or more than 20 people were killed or injured, and the loss was more than 500,000 yuan.

Ten, the general principles of fire fighting.

1, early alarm, small loss

2. Call the police while fighting.

3, control first, then put out the fire

4. Save people first, then save things.

5, poisoning prevention, suffocation prevention

6, listen to the command, don't panic

First, the definition of security.

Safety is a kind of consciousness and working attitude, and everyone is responsible for safety.

Second, the purpose of enterprise fire management

1, to ensure the safety of enterprise facilities and property and prevent fire and explosion accidents.

2. Ensure the safety and health of employees and prevent casualties.

Three, fire inspection content:

1. Check the training of management and all employees.

2. Check for hidden dangers.

3, check the formulation and implementation of fire safety system.

4, check the fire control facilities.

5, check the fire preparation work.

6, check the implementation of fire control technology.

Fourth, the use of fire hydrants

1, open fire hydrant box 2, and take out the gun head and hose for connection.

3. Open the water stop valve. 4. Hold the gun head and spray it to the flame.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) Fire fighting facilities commonly used in this shopping mall:

1, fire sprinkler 2, emergency exit sign 3, fire hydrant 4, fire shutter door 5, fire extinguisher

6. Alarm bell 7, smoke alarm 8, fire broadcast 9, fire hose, water gun 10, temperature alarm 1 1, evacuation indicator light 12, and fire monitoring center.

The specific responsibilities of the security team in the intransitive verb store:

1. Formulate the fire control work plan of the branch.

2, the specific guidance of compulsory fire class (group).

3, safety inspection found hidden dangers and put forward rectification opinions, or report to the relevant departments.

4. Publicize and educate all employees (promotions, counters, partners) and customers.

5, maintenance, configuration, acceptance of fire fighting (including lifesaving) facilities and equipment.

6, basic fire fighting training, fire fighting plan, and organize drills.

7, quickly put out the fire after the fire, investigate the cause of the fire, and put forward rectification opinions.

Seven, hot work in the mall business hours must strictly abide by the "seven noes" before hot work:

1, fire prevention facilities are not implemented.

2. Don't use fire if the surrounding flammable sundries are not removed.

Don't use fire when the container containing flammable materials (such as oil) is not cleaned.

4, where flammable and explosive materials are stored, hot work is not allowed without exclusion.

5. During hot work such as welding and cutting at high altitude, combustible materials are not cleaned up or safety protection measures are not taken.

6. Flammable articles that are difficult to move nearby shall not be fired without taking safety protection measures.

7. Don't use fire without corresponding fire prevention equipment.

Eight, hot work in the store business hours must strictly abide by the hot before (4) namely:

1. Designate the person in charge of site safety before hot work.

2, hot work personnel should strictly implement the safety operation procedures.

3, an accident, to timely rescue.

4, site safety director and hot work personnel must pay close attention to the hot work situation, found unsafe signs, to immediately stop hot work.

Nine. Model and inspection time of fire extinguishers currently used in this store:

The full name of the fire extinguisher used in the mall is portable pressure storage (ABC) dry powder fire extinguisher, and the damage prevention department checks it once a week.

X requirements for safe passage in fire safety regulations:

Safe passage should be kept open for 24 hours. Security doors should not be locked during business hours, but should be kept closed at ordinary times, but can be opened at any time if necessary. It is forbidden to put any sundries on the stairs of the passage, and the door leading to the rooftop should not be locked and kept open.

Eleven, during the business period, the fire sprinkler suddenly sprays water due to failure, and the processing procedure is:

Inform the team leader, supervisor and electrician to immediately remove the surrounding goods, and seal the area with guide rods to discourage customers from approaching. The electrician immediately turned off the fire pump, turned on the drainage system, checked the causes of equipment damage, and informed the cleaning company to clean up the water stains on the site in time and register the flooded items.

Twelve, found in violation of the provisions of the fire treatment is:

Stop immediately, don't leave, and notify the supervisor to be present for handling.

Thirteen, the power cord bare processing is:

Immediately notify the electrician to turn off the power supply, maintain the site, keep others away, and assist the electrician to repair the exposed power cord.

14. When there are hidden dangers in the shopping mall:

The team leader or supervisor shall be informed immediately, and on-site guards shall be provided.

Fifteen, combustion stage:

1, initial stage 2, development stage 3, violence stage 4, extinction stage

Sixteen, escape to avoid fire and smoke hazards is:

1. Cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel to breathe, and lower your posture to reduce smoke inhalation.

2. Cover your head with a transparent plastic bag filled with air where there is no smoke to avoid inhaling toxic smoke or gas.

3. If you pass through the flame area on the way to escape, you should first wrap your body with wet clothes or wet quilts and blankets and pass quickly to avoid your body catching fire.

In the smoky atmosphere, there is still residual air 30 cm above the ground. You can take a low profile to avoid. When crawling, keep your palms, elbows and knees close to the ground and escape along the wall to avoid getting lost.

In the process of fire escape, closing all the doors behind you can slow down the spread of the fire.

Seventeen, after the fire to prevent smoke from coming in through the door is:

Wet towels, sheets, clothes, etc with water. Block the door.

Eighteen, trapped in the fire indoor rescue method is:

1. Wait for rescue in a place where it is easy to be rescued (such as a room near the main road window or near the entrance).

2. Try to inform people outside (tell 1 19 by phone or mobile phone where you are trapped, or call directly from the window with clothes and lights).

3. Prevent smoke from escaping.

Nineteen, symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning are:

1, headache, dizziness, nausea and vomiting.

2, there will be a strong sense of collapse, breathing and pulse acceleration, confusion, and the body can't move independently.

3, flushing, loss of consciousness, respiratory arrest, convulsions, leading to cardiac arrest and death.

Twenty, for their own safety, enter a strange place should first understand is:

1, direction of refuge and escape

2, the safety door position, whether it is locked.

3. Check the specific location of fire fighting and refuge devices such as fire hydrants and rescue kits.

Twenty-one, when displaying goods on high shelves, the distance from nozzles, lamps and smoke is:

Goods on high shelves should be 0.5 meters away from the spray and 0.6 meters away from the lamp, without blocking the smoke detection system.

Twenty-two, the fire caused by electrical equipment is:

The causes of fire caused by electrical equipment are short circuit, overload, overvoltage, electric spark, contact resistance heating and electrical surface heating.

Self-help and escape

First, the basic method of self-help

1, at the beginning of the fire, in addition to immediately calling the police and actively extinguishing the fire, we should try our best to evacuate materials, especially precious materials and inflammable and explosive articles. However, when the fire is too fierce to put out, don't hesitate to leave the fire. No siege or casualties.

2, the initial fire is generally small, residents not only have to put out the fire themselves, but also call the police quickly. A fire broke out because the alarm clock rang late.

3, personnel evacuated from the burning room, immediately close the door of the burning room.

Don't go back to the room when there is a fire.

Second, the basic method of escape

1. Close the door after you escape.

2. Crawl on the ground to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning in the smoke.

3. Cover your mouth and nose with a gas mask or wet towel.

4, homemade lifeline, don't jump off a building unless you have to.

5. Use natural conditions as a life-saving slide.

6. Don't take the elevator.

7. Select the evacuation stairs.