Hongze town swallowed up by the lake

Hongze Lake is the fourth largest freshwater lake in China. It was formed because the Yellow River seized the Huaihe River into the sea, but it really became the fourth largest freshwater lake because of human factors. It was created by Pan Jixun's strategy of "harnessing the Huaihe River, the Yellow River and the Grand Canal" during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty.

At that time, in order to bind water and raise the water level, clear water was introduced into the Yellow River, which diverted to the north, washed away the sediment carried by the Yellow River, raised and extended the Hongze Lake levee, and expanded the lake in a large area, connecting the original lakes and ponds in this area. Therefore, Hongze Lake is also called "artificial lake" and "suspended lake".

The formation of this artificial lake has not only artificially reserved and comprehensively utilized the Huaihe River water, but also caused certain disasters to the people in the former Hongze Lake area. The most typical is the 19th year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1680), which made the ancient Sizhou city and its surrounding ancient towns flooded by the lake.

As we all know, the ancient city of Sizhou in Xuyi area was submerged by Hongze Lake. However, it is not only this Sizhou city that sleeps at the bottom of Hongze Lake, but also eight ancient towns submerged by Hongze Lake. They are the old city of Xu County, where Xu was located in the Spring and Autumn Period, Fuling County and Suiling County established in the Han Dynasty, and lin huai zhen, Hongze Town, Anhe Town, Dutou Town and Guzhen in ancient times.

As a Hongze people, we should know the history of our flooded GuHongze town, which was a very prosperous traffic town at that time.

Looking back on the history of Hongze, it is generally believed that the name Hongze first appeared in the Sui Dynasty. According to legend, in the 12th year of the Great Cause of Sui Dynasty (6 16), Emperor Yang Di took a dragon boat to Jiangdu, and when he passed by the Broken Pot Creek, he was caught in a rainstorm, and the flood surged and flooded the Broken Pot Creek. So, Yang Di called this place Hongze Shop, and the place name Hongze appeared.

In the Tang Dynasty, with the renaming of Pofu Creek, Jiankou Town near Pofu Creek was renamed Hongze Town. At that time, the Huaihe River flowed through the west of Hongze Town, with chariots and horses beside it, mostly from Kaifeng, the capital of the Song Dynasty, through Hongze Town into the Huaihe River, which has appeared in some poems.

Huang Furan's poem "Poems on the Wall of Hongze Pavilion" says: "The bottom thing is Hongze Wall, leaving yellow silk words empty. Every year, when you are on the water, you will feel sad. " At that time, there was a chariot and horse station in Hongze town, which shows that Hongze town was quite prosperous at the latest in the early Tang Dynasty.

In the Song Dynasty, according to the Biography of Qiao in the History of Song Dynasty and the Records of Rivers in the History of Song Dynasty, from the early years of Song Yongxi to the sixth year of Yuanfeng (984- 1080), the new Hongze River was dug from Huaiyin Old Town to Hongze Town, and the Guishan Canal was dug from Hongze Town to Guishan Society in Laozishan Town. Hongze town seemed to be the main waterway transportation artery at that time, and most bureaucrats and literati from south to north passed through here.

Su Shi's poem "The wind returns to Hongze" said: "The wind and waves are suddenly like this, and I want to go home safely. There is nothing wrong with hanging the sail but facing west. Hongze Sanli, a current flies away. Residents are reluctant to ask when they see me coming back. It's a good idea to sell wine by boat. Woke up in the middle of the night, the sound of shore wood was faint. Tomorrow Huaiyin City, white fish can be fat. Our bank has no north and south, what we want is what we pray for. Why rush? Shake the window leaves all night. Don't worry about your wife, but also get dressed. " From Su Shi's poems, we can see the huge scale of Hongze Town at that time and the convenience of waterway transportation.

Zhang Lei's poem Hongze Pavilion says: "Three years later, Pinker floated to Huaihai, and today we are boating on the pavilion. People seem to grow old with age. When will things stop like running water? Idlers are often rare, and I think life is the most clumsy. There are still a few days to know in this world. What do you want to do running around? "

During the Shaoxing period of the Southern Song Dynasty, Han Shizhong and Liang Hongyu stationed in Chuzhou wanted to ambush Hongze Town to intercept Zhang Tonggu, the envoy of Jin State who went to the imperial court for peace talks. Zhang Tonggu sailed along the Huaihe River waterway, and Hongze Town was his only way. It can also be seen that Hongze Town was the hub of land and water transportation between north and south at that time.

Yang Wanli, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote in his poem "To Hongze": "I'm going to Yang Shan Post tonight, and I'll ask Hongze when I stop. Dou Liang is only a short journey here, but it takes one night and two days. Political fate profaned water at night, and the wind and waves were endless. The boat people congratulated each other on entering the port and were not afraid of the more stormy Huaihe River. I shook my hand and whispered, still afraid to listen to God. Calling Tianjin officials to open the city gate quickly, Tianjin officials dared not answer. The early tide has fallen into the Huaihe River, and the sluice will not open in the future. Ask when the evening tide will come, and wait for the jade worm to compose the golden hairpin. "

It can be seen from the poems of these literati that there are not only Hongze Pavilion, but also Hongze Bridge, Hongze Post, Hongze Gate and Hongze Port at the mouth of Hongze Canal. At that time, the tide would spread to Hongze town twice in the morning and evening, and ships from south to north were waiting for the tide to cross the gate here. There is also an oral story of "18 ridiculous lies on the Trinity Road" circulating in our area, including a ridiculous story of three pigs rushing into the river, probably due to the scene of large creatures drifting with the tide at high tide.

Hongzeyi in Ming Dynasty was 60 miles southeast of Qinghe County. In the fifth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1372), the Sanguan Temple was built, with six halls around it, three warehouses, a concierge and a porch.

Hu Yan (1360- 1443), a scholar in the Ming Dynasty, wrote a poem during Hongze's night tour: "After the rain, the mountains are a little green, and I look from the clouds. At the beginning of the wind on both sides of the lake, it is clear that people are leaning alone. Ordinary Su Yuan dreams of being a guest, and there are countless trips to the end of the world. The night cold wine wakes up the goose fragrance, and one inch is homesick. " This poem was written by him at Hongze post at night.

Even in the Qing Dynasty, Hongze Village remained in Hongze Town. At that time, there were 1000 households in Dongxi Street. Due to the flood, by the early years of Kangxi, there were only 100 families left in Hongze village. It was not until the early years of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1662) that Hongze Town was surrounded by Hongze Lake. According to Jin Fu, the river chief of the Qing Dynasty, "there are only a few dozen residents here, and they just rise and fall in Hong Tao".

In the 15th year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1676), Hongze Lake soared, and the residents of Hongze Village left one after another, so there was no Hongze Village, only a river beach.

Hongze Village left by Hongze Town is also recorded in the article of Qing Dynasty Guangxu Bingzinian (1876) in Qinghe County Records: "Hongze Village is in Hongze Town, and the main river depression of Kangxi is a thorn boat." He also said: "There are more than a thousand households in Dongxi Street, and there were more than a hundred households in the early years of Kangxi. In the 15th year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1676), the water rose, the residents were scattered, and the villages were abandoned. It is five inches high, seventy feet long and eight feet wide. "

In the 19th year of Kangxi (1680), Hongze Town and Sizhou City were completely submerged in Hongze Lake due to floods. At present, there is a shoal in Hongze Lake in the northwest of Xishunhe Town, which is called "Little Red Beach" by local people. It is 1000 years ago. Some people say that Hongze Town was thirty miles away from Fiona Fang and the street was ten miles long, and Su Shi's poems can also prove it.

These ancient towns, such as Sizhou City and Hongze Town, which sank at the bottom of Hongze Lake, gradually faded out of people's sight with the rise and fall of dynasties. But in the long river of history, some memories will never be forgotten, and they will flash in front of people from time to time, linking people's reverie of past faces.

In order to reproduce the glorious history of Hongze Town, Hongze people have now built a kettle city on the east side of Hongze Lake levee in the southwest corner of the county.

The newly-built Shuifu City covers an area of 755 mu with a building area of 28,000 square meters. The city is magnificent, integrating Song-style architecture and garden style, and it is an organic integration of natural beauty and artificial beauty. Pavilions and pavilions are strewn at random, bridges and flowing water are full of interest, and ancient buildings and original ecology complement each other, drawing a modern version of The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival.

Businessmen gather, the city is full of people, and there are all kinds of snacks, leisure vacations and boutique shopping. The cultural atmosphere with strong local flavor is very rich, famous artists gather, and the Chinese seal museum, earthquake experience museum, egg-beating paradise and other distinctive features reproduce the bustling scene of Hongze Town to some extent.

The newly-built Shuifu City has also become a must-see attraction for tourists to Hongze, especially on holidays, where people are crowded and parking spaces along the road are hard to find. It's really bustling and lively.

(New kettle south gate)

(Newly-built Shuifucheng Lake Island)

(New Shuifu City North Gate City Wall)

(overlooking the newly-built water-rich city)

(New Water Rich City Tower)

(New Shuifucheng Bridge and Qingshui)