Answers to the 2012 National Chinese College Entrance Examination

1. Analysis This question tests students’ understanding of the concepts of important words in the text. The ability level is B.

Method Instructions: The fourth sentence of the first paragraph of the original text "In the production process of scientific and technological black boxes, scientific knowledge is the foundation, and values ??and ethics determine the selection of scientific knowledge." The original text is "selection" and the alternative is "amendment", which is obviously inconsistent with the meaning of the text.

Answer C

2. Analysis This question tests your ability to understand and analyze the article.

Method point B original information, "Computer geniuses and hackers are getting younger and younger, and prodigies continue to appear. They may not understand the computer production process to write software and decipher passwords. Each generation of new technological black boxes The emergence of China has provided an opportunity for the relatively ignorant younger generation to rise and catch up. "The alternative statement is too absolute.

Answer B

3. Analysis: This question tests your ability to infer information from an article.

The method guide compares the alternatives with the original text, "Science and technology are a double-edged sword, and the black box of science and technology will undoubtedly make either edge of the double-edged sword sharper." It can be seen that item D is obviously problematic in terms of statement. "Technology black box" and "technology" are different in conceptual meaning.

Answer (D)

4. Analysis This question tests the ability to understand the meaning of common classical Chinese content words in the text.

Methods and instructions should be combined with the context to understand the meaning of content words. Pay attention to polysemy, ancient and modern idioms, false characters, and inflection of parts of speech. Que: means "que", verb, vacancy.

Answer D

5. Analysis This question tests the ability to filter information in the text.

To answer this type of question, you must first clearly understand the requirements of the question, then find the interval for filtering information from the text, and use the elimination method to find the answer.

Answer C

6. Analysis This question tests the candidate's ability to analyze and summarize the content of the article.

For method guidance, you must first review the meaning of the question, choose the incorrect one, and three of them are correct. Correspond each option to the corresponding event in the article, delineate areas for the options, and compare carefully to see if there is any confusion about the work situation. If Qin Hui was in power, his cronies would inform Xiao, but it would not be Qin Hui and his cronies who snitched on Xiao.

Answer A

7. Analysis This question tests the candidate's ability to understand and translate sentences in the text.

Methods: The translation of sentences should be based on literal translation, supplemented by free translation, and should be carried out word by word to meet the standards of "faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance". At the same time, attention should be paid to the translation of content words: multiple meanings of a word, inflection of parts of speech, ancient and modern idioms, and pseudo-characters; we should also pay attention to some function words, which also have meaning; and we should also pay attention to the translation of some special sentence patterns.

Answer (1) Nowadays, people with virtuous talents and those without virtuous talents are mixed together, customs are thin and empty, military strength is not strong, and financial resources are not rich. We should work hard to achieve domestic stability and peace.

(2) Xiao Sui said: "The east and west are not on the same road, so we should not be given food, but how can we bear to ignore the areas under our jurisdiction?"

8 ． Analysis: This question tests the candidate's ability to grasp the thoughts and feelings of poetry.

When answering method questions, you should contact the whole word and sentence, the title and the author's situation, and grasp it accurately. It can be seen from the title (Thinking of Faraway People) that it is a song about missing someone; in terms of writing, images such as autumn scenery, flying clouds, and returning to Hong Kong are used to express this emotion.

Reference answer This poem expresses the deep longing for the travelers far away. The first sentence rises, using red leaves and yellow flowers to paint the special colors of late autumn, exaggerating the sad atmosphere of farewell and adding endless longing for the distant travelers.

9． Analysis: This question tests the candidate's ability to understand the content of the poem.

Methods: Reading, understanding the content of the poem, and grasping the relationship between various images are the key to answering this question. What should I use to grind ink? Use tears to grind ink. Use tears to grind ink and write with tears. I missed her so deeply that I kept crying. The tears fell on the paper, and the color of the red paper faded.

The reference answer relationship is: "turning an inkstone to grind ink" implies grinding ink with tears dripping from the window, and writing with tears.

The reason is: the red paper was soaked with tears. Due to the depth of love, the protagonist in the poem kept crying while writing the book. The tears fell on the paper, and the red paper faded away.

10. The analysis tests students' ability to memorize only famous quotes and passages.

In the method instructions, read the question requirements clearly and answer carefully. There should be no typos, omissions, aliases, derivatives, or reversed order.

Answer (1) He is not the only sage who has the right heart, but a sage can not lose his ears

(2) The wisdom of a man with hundreds of skills, including witch doctors, musicians, and musicians, is beyond his reach (3) Looking forward, I still remember the Buddha under the Li Temple

11. (1) Analysis This question tests the candidate's ability to understand the content of the article and appreciate the artistic skills of literary works.

Method: Item E "Mr. Breeches' seemingly irrational words and deeds" are reflected in Mr. Breeches' attitude and approach to people and things, and have little to do with my words and deeds. Mr. C. Breeches asked the waiter for a handkerchief, which he wiped with for at least a quarter of an hour. It is intended to show that he is careless, takes advantage, and is selfish. In fact, we have also seen that he is not a hygienic person.

Answer D gives 3 points. 2 points will be given for answer B, 1 point will be given for answer A, and no points will be given for answers C and E.

(2) Analysis This question tests the candidate’s ability to appreciate the artistic characteristics and expression skills of literary works.

Methods: Review the question stem, the first paragraph, which means that such a beginning plays an important role in the full text. When answering the question, answer the question from both content and form to see how this description plays a role in shaping the character's image and promoting What role does it play in the development of the storyline, and finally think about what role it plays in expressing the theme.

Answer: 1. Outline a character with distinctive clothing, words and deeds that makes people laugh; 2. Pave the way for the humorous and ridiculous story that will happen later; 3. Arouse the reader's interest in reading.

(3) Analysis This question tests the candidate’s ability to analyze and appreciate the characters in the text.

Method: This question tests the understanding and summary of the characters in the novel. The general method is to "listen to his words and watch his actions" and combine it with the side description in the article.

Answers: ① Bossy, arrogant, lack of public morality; ② Careful about everything, taking advantage, selfish; ③ Not good at hygiene, disregarding the feelings of others, and having low taste.

(4) Analysis This question tests the candidate’s ability to explore the image views of literary works.

Methods to explore characters only need to be combined with the text, based on the original text, and think about the important role of these characters in the writing. When answering the analysis, it only needs to be reasonable and well-founded.

Answer Example 1: Agreed, "I" also have human weaknesses.

① "I" did not stop Mr. Breeches' inappropriate words and deeds and let it go; ② "I" was too exaggerated in sarcastic remarks about Mr. Breeches, and the language was close to harsh; ③ "I" lacked the spirit of reflection on myself .

View 2: I disagree, "I" have no human weaknesses.

① "I" is the embodiment of the author's thoughts, not a character; ② "I" speaks and does very little in the incident, and the character characteristics are not obvious; ③ "I" mainly plays a role in connecting the plot in the novel effect.

12． (1) Analysis This question tests your ability to summarize the content of the article.

Method point C: "Xie Xide may also be interested in cooking, but he doesn't want others to publicize that she is good at it." The alternative option is too absolute. Alternative option D is obviously too different from the original text "She specially drew a concise and easy-to-understand diagram for the author's reference."

Answer E will give 3 points, and answer B will give 2 points. 1 point is given for answer A; no points are given for answers C and D.

(2) Analysis This question tests the ability to understand and summarize the content of the article.

Methods prompted Xie Xide to give up his professional research and engage in surface physics research that he was unfamiliar with. This was due to both internal and external factors. To find the reason, you should focus on the second paragraph and summarize the reason from some key sentences.

Answer ① This research can solve the problem of steel corrosion, save energy, and is of great significance to national construction; ② As a scientist, be proactive and innovative, and move into new fields of scientific research; ③ As an academic senior, This can be used to encourage young people to explore new areas of scientific research.

(3) Analysis This question tests your ability to summarize the content of the article.

The method points out that the personality characteristics of the protagonist are reflected in many aspects, and this question is limited to "truth-seeking attitude in scientific work", which greatly reduces the difficulty and will not be missed when summarizing. We You might as well find the area first (such as the second and last paragraphs), look for key sentences, and then summarize from them.

Examples of answers ① Pay close attention to academic trends and strive to explore true knowledge; ② Be careful and meticulous in the research process, focus on accumulation, and pursue high levels; ③ Be meticulous in revising popular science articles, pay attention to accurate concepts and expressions, and do not pursue image one-sidedly vivid.

(4) Analysis This question tests the candidates’ understanding of “sincerity” in the character characteristics of the protagonist. It is a test of students’ inquiry ability.

Method instructions only require candidates to combine the text, base themselves on the original text, and think about the spiritual quality of the protagonist. Your understanding of Xie Xide's "sincerity" cannot be separated from the text. You must affirm it from one aspect and then answer the analysis. As long as it is reasonable and well-founded.

Answer example aspect 1: Infinite loyalty to the motherland.

① Put the interests of the motherland above all else, regardless of personal gains and losses, and resolutely return to the motherland with poor scientific research conditions to participate in construction; ② Adjust the research direction for the needs of national construction and transfer to new fields of scientific research.

Aspect 2: Full of enthusiasm for the cause.

① As a scientist, be determined to innovate, bravely overcome difficulties, seek truth from facts, and be meticulous; ② As a university president, be humble, work seriously, reach out to the masses, and do not engage in privileges.

Aspect Three: Be sincere in your love for your loved ones.

① Don’t be overwhelmed by the cruel reality that your husband is seriously ill, and devote yourself to healing her husband’s disease; ② Regardless of your busy work, you try your best to take care of your husband, and have the virtue of diligence and simplicity.

5. Use of language (20 points)

13. Analysis: This question tests the candidate's ability to use idioms correctly.

Method: Item A, Zhilan Yushu: a metaphor for promising children. The description is wrong. Item B: Happy when you hear it: When you hear others criticizing your shortcomings or mistakes, you express welcome and happiness. Refers to accepting opinions humbly. Item C, hands up and down: a metaphor for playing tricks and colluding to cheat. Improper praise and criticism. Item D, from the beginning to the end: no longer marries after the husband dies. This is the old feudal ethics that bound women. The description is wrong.

Answer B

14. Analysis: This question tests the candidate's ability to correctly analyze incorrect sentences.

Method: Click item A to repeat the redundant words "cause, suffer" and delete "suffer". Item B is not properly matched. "Achievements achieved" and "rewarded" do not match. The word order of item D is inappropriate. "The severe situation has brought huge challenges to the economic recovery of European countries" was changed to "The severe situation has brought huge challenges to the economic recovery of European countries."

Answer C

15. Analysis: This question tests the candidate's ability to express coherent language.

The method can be pointed out from the sentence "gourd" in the first half of the paragraph. It can be judged that the next sentence is ③, which introduces the situation of "gourd". The ⑤ sentence refers to the ③ sentence. The gourd is smoother. ④⑥ introduces the production of gourd. The process, ① introduces the history of gourd, and ② summarizes the entire paragraph.

Answer D

16. Analysis: This question comprehensively tests the candidate's ability to transform sentence patterns and express language coherently, concisely, appropriately, and accurately.

Methods to answer this question, you must first review the requirements of the question, such as appropriate content, coherent semantics, strict logic, and smooth sentences. You are not allowed to copy the materials. Each sentence should not exceed 20 words. Only by following the requirements can you get the ideal result. score.

Answer example: Our ancestors began to mine copper

This has not been confirmed by archaeological excavations

Our country began to use it in the late Xia Dynasty at the latest Bronzeware

17. Analysis: This question tests the candidate's ability to imitate sentence patterns.

Methods: Pay attention to the requirements when answering this question. You must choose an object, use personification, and the sentence structure is the same as the original sentence. When imitating, pay attention to the personification and use appropriate words to reflect the characteristics of personification. The content should be reasonable and smooth, and the selected topic should be relevant. For example, plum blossoms and epiphyllum are both plants.

Answer examples

The lotus blooms in the pond with dirty water and sludge, which means to tell us: keep it noble

The orchid blooms in the valley full of weeds, It is intended to remind us: stick to yourself

18. Writing means that when reviewing the topic and conception, you must think from two perspectives: the ship owner and the painter. From the painter's point of view, the idea can be centered around responsibility, conscience, kindness, kindness to others, dedication, etc.; the best idea: the painter's so-called "fixing by the way" is not "unintentional", but a kind of kindness that is not considered too small. The "intentional" is related to "kindness" and has nothing to do with money; even if it is not one's own responsibility, one must do it well and people must have a sense of social responsibility.

From the perspective of ship owners, it is necessary to establish and improve mechanisms for protecting, rewarding, and commending good people, good deeds, and courageous people, forming a good social atmosphere and public opinion guidance, so that good people do not suffer, and good people are rewarded. , let good people have dignity, know how to be grateful, etc.