Intelligent automatic sericulture equipment technology helps sericulture industry to develop with high quality.

This paper only discusses how to help sericulture industry achieve high-quality development from the perspective of planting mulberry and raising silkworm. This paper brings together the current advanced intelligent automatic sericulture equipment technology, improves the efficiency through intelligent automatic sericulture solutions, improves the quality of cocoon silk from the source, and helps the industry achieve high-quality development. The following are the details.

When people hear "sericulture", many people will think of "bitterness", "tiredness" and "difficulty". What are the "hardships", "tiredness" and "difficulties" of traditional sericulture? 1-2-year-old silkworms are susceptible to diseases and insect pests and die in pieces. When they grow to 1-3 years old, they need to cut mulberry leaves to feed, but the speed of manual cutting mulberry leaves is slow. When they are 4-5 years old, a room of about 40 square meters will also account for about 85% of the total leaf feeding during the whole sericulture period. When you get a cocoon, you have to turn your head and pick silkworms overnight. After cocoon formation, you have to pick cocoons one by one by hand. If you are slow, you will become a moth. In order to reduce the cost, many silkworm farmers still use the original traditional cocoon-forming methods, such as using straw or wheat straw to make cocoons, which leads to poor quality of cocoons, priced according to quality in the market, and yellow cocoons and small cocoons cannot be sold. Disease prevention and disinfection must run through the whole process of sericulture production. Traditional sericulture is disinfected with lime, which needs to be disinfected with lime screened by dustpan. The workload is very heavy, and the dust raised affects people's health. It is this series of reasons that make many farmers give up this traditional industry.

At the end of 20 17, in order to promote the structural reform of the supply side of the cocoon and silk industry, consolidate the foundation of sericulture production, and enhance the quality, output benefit and international competitiveness of cocoon and silk products, the Ministry of Commerce decided to build a large-scale intensive sericulture demonstration base, and issued the Notice on Building a Large-scale Intensive Sericulture Demonstration Base to Promote the Quality and Efficiency of the Cocoon and Silk Industry. The goal of this work is: by 2020, the cocoon output of large-scale intensive bases will account for more than 10% of the national cocoon output; The penetration rate of mulberry planting and sericulture machinery and cocoon silk grade in the base are obviously better than those in other producing areas; The quality of silk products is improved and the export competitiveness is enhanced; The role of cocoon and silk industry in promoting farmers' employment, innovation and entrepreneurship, and getting rid of poverty and becoming rich has been significantly enhanced, and a number of experiences and models that can be replicated and popularized have been formed. In 2020, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Commerce jointly issued the "Action Plan for High-quality Development of Sericulture and Silk Industry (202 1-2025)", which pointed out that promoting agricultural modernization would provide basic guarantee for sericulture and silk industry. At the same time, the key tasks mentioned in the document are: improving the level of scientific and technological innovation, developing labor-saving sericulture machinery, building a large-scale intensive sericulture base, and exploring and popularizing a new model of sericulture industrialization development. The Tenth Five-Year Plan puts forward that promoting the structural reform of agricultural supply side, strengthening the support of agricultural science and technology and equipment, improving the level of improved agricultural varieties and building smart agriculture will be conducive to promoting the scale and automation of silkworm egg breeding.

According to the spirit of "Notice of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Department of Autonomous Region on Promulgating Main Agricultural Popularization Techniques in Guangxi in 20021year" (No.34 issued by Guangxi Agriculture and Rural Affairs Department [202 1]), the Agriculture and Rural Affairs Department of Autonomous Region announced the main popularization techniques of sericulture production in Guangxi in 20021year, providing guidance for high quality, high yield and efficient production of sericulture in the whole region. Part of the extract of the notice is: intensive labor-saving and efficient sericulture technology: 2. Intensive rearing of young silkworms: specialized centralized rearing is adopted, and young silkworms are distributed after they are 4 years old, equipped with special facilities and equipment such as a small silkworm house, temperature controller and special silkworm tools. Through stacking control, disinfection and disease prevention, temperature and humidity control and feeding operation, through standardized production and industrialized operation, strong commercial young silkworms are provided. 3. Silkworm rearing on the ground is light and simple: 4 5-year-old silkworms are reared on the ground, in a big silkworm house of 35 ㎡ 40 ㎡/40 ㎡ each, and an orbital feeding platform is installed to feed leaves, spread lime and expand seats, thus reducing labor intensity and improving feeding efficiency. 4. Automatic cocoon feeding and mechanical cocoon picking: cocoon feeding for adult silkworms adopts grid cocoons and supporting lifting frames, which can realize automatic cocoon feeding for adult silkworms and centralized cleaning of silkworm excrement; Mechanized cocoon picking with cocoon picker is beneficial to improve cocoon quality and cocoon picking efficiency.

The following is the intelligent automatic sericulture equipment technology currently selected, for reference only!

Picking mulberry leaves has always been a common problem. At present, the problem of picking mulberry leaves can be effectively solved by raising mulberry leaves. 1 The daily leaf harvest of strong laborers is100-150kg. If mulberry leaves are picked by hand, the efficiency can be increased by 5-65,438+00 times, and the manual picking efficiency can be increased by more than 20-30 times.

Through the standard small silkworm room, the heating and water supply system for rearing young silkworms and the automatic silkworm rearing machine, the automatic rearing of young silkworms was realized.

Automatic rearing of young silkworms: (1) is conducive to improving work efficiency, and rearing young silkworms can save mulberry leaves, labor, fuel and silkworms; (2) It is beneficial to the implementation of scientific sericulture technology. Silkworm rearing can focus on people with high technical level, choose a small silkworm room with good heat preservation and moisture preservation, and carefully raise young silkworms. At the same time, it is beneficial to standardize the implementation of technical treatment, scientifically raise young silkworms, and lay the foundation for high and stable yield. (3) It is beneficial to disinfection and disease prevention. Silkworm rearing can completely disinfect silkworm houses and equipment, with little environmental pollution and less chance of infection with pathogens, which can effectively control the occurrence of silkworm diseases, reduce the production cost of silkworm rearing and improve economic benefits. At present, the new technology is popularized to raise young silkworms to the fourth instar, so as to improve the success rate of silkworm rearing. )

The high-speed leaf cutter runs at high speed, cutting leaves with widths of 8mm, 1.6mm and 32mm into small-sized single mulberry leaves, which is more than 20 times faster than the traditional manual leaf cutting speed, and the yield is as high as 1 1,000 kg/hour. The cut mulberry leaves do not hurt or rub the leaves, and the multi-specification knife set design can quickly replace the knife set box, which is convenient for maintenance.

High-speed leaf cutter (1-3 years old disposable leaf cutter)

20F automatic sericulture production line (young silkworm) can realize automatic stacking, automatic lime spraying and disinfection, automatic leaf feeding and automatic lifting of 20-layer plastic leg wooden silkworm racks. Save sericulture land area, intelligent control and assembly line feeding. The automatic lime spraying sterilizer can spray 800 frames at a time without adding lime in the middle, and the lime spraying is even and does not raise dust. The automatic leaf feeder has the advantages of uniform blanking, adjustable thickness and stepless speed regulation, which is convenient and fast. The scattered mulberry leaves are collected and reused by the mulberry leaf leak detector, which can be operated by three people. The efficiency is as high as 3 12 frame/hour, which is 20 times faster than traditional manual work, and the labor cost is saved by more than half.

With the expansion of sericulture production scale and the increasing labor intensity of sericulture, traditional sericulture methods have been difficult to meet the needs of modern sericulture scale development. Therefore, most sericulture areas in China are vigorously promoting the intelligent, automatic and labor-saving sericulture model. Mainly through sericulture equipment such as automatic silkworm feeding, automatic disinfection, automatic clustering, quick cocoon picking and intelligent automatic sericulture production line, intelligent automation is realized in all aspects of silkworm feeding, disinfection, cocoon feeding and cocoon picking, and the production efficiency is improved. The efficiency of silkworm feeding and disinfection is increased by 5- 10 times, and the efficiency of clustering and cocoon picking is increased by 20 times, which effectively reduces the labor cost of sericulture. Save 1-2 yuan cost per batch of silkworm cocoons. In addition, the quality of silkworm cocoons was improved from 4A to 5A-6A through high-quality checkered cocoon and standardized breeding mode, which provided strong technical support for the silkworm industry to improve quality, increase efficiency and develop steadily and healthily.

The mobile silkworm feeding vehicle or automatic silkworm feeding machine loaded with mulberry leaves can be driven to the silkworm surface that needs to be fed with mulberry leaves through wireless remote control. By manually or automatically spreading mulberry leaves on the ground where silkworms are cultivated evenly, the efficiency of sericulture is increased by five times, and there is no direct contact with silkworms during the sericulture process, thus reducing the infection of germs and the occurrence of silkworm diseases. It occupies less sidewalks, increases the sericulture area, and can realize full coverage of the sericulture area in the silkworm room, which is efficient and fast.

The automatic lime spreader is installed on the automatic silkworm feeder or the electric silkworm feeder, and the silkworm body, the silkworm seat and the silkworm house are fully covered and disinfected by the back and forth movement of the trolley (the automatic lime spreader can move left and right on the automatic silkworm feeder or the automatic silkworm feeder). A D-2M automatic lime spreader can disinfect1200m2 silkworm house within one hour, with amazing effect, and it can be operated remotely outside the silkworm house, keeping people away from dust.

The 325-hole plastic frame wooden box is made of 100% log, which has good water absorption. Using the permeability, hygroscopicity and thermal insulation of log, a natural dry and comfortable cocoon forming environment of 100% is created, with thick cocoon forming layer and white cocoon color, which can effectively improve cocoon quality, and the cocoon quality can reach 5A-6A silk standards. Without flipping, the clustering rate is as high as 95%; Can be soaked and disinfected with liquid medicine, which is convenient to clean; Don't be exposed to the sun, just dry it in the shade; Detachable maintenance. The service life is as long as 10 year.

There are two kinds of quick cocoon picking machines, pneumatic and pedal, which adopt arc top teeth design to simulate manual cocoon picking. Cocoons pop up from top to bottom, with white color and no deformation. The efficiency of pneumatic cocoon picking is more than 300 kg per hour, and the efficiency of pedal cocoon picking is more than 200 kg per hour. At the same time, the cocoon picker cleans the floating silk in the grid to avoid cleaning the grid later, and the cocoon picking efficiency is more than 20 times that of manual cocoon picking.

Scheme 2: Intelligent three-dimensional sericulture scheme

0 1, intelligent stereo automatic sericulture production line

12F fully automatic silkworm egg production line (big silkworm) can realize 12 layer plastic-footed wooden silkworm rack automatic stacking, automatic lime spraying disinfection, automatic leaf feeding and automatic lifting. Compared with the ground sericulture area, it saves 5 times, intelligent control and assembly line feeding. The automatic lime sprinkling disinfection machine can sprinkle 800 frames at a time, without adding lime halfway, and the lime is sprinkled evenly without dust. The automatic leaf feeder has the advantages of uniform blanking, adjustable thickness and stepless speed regulation, which is convenient and fast. Six people operate, the efficiency is as high as 400 frames/hour, which is 20 times faster than traditional manual operation, and the labor cost is saved by more than half.

Fourth, Yizhou District sericulture big data cloud computing platform

The platform uses big data to moderately adjust the management of sericulture industry, and uses data information to help sericulture industry with a series of intelligent agricultural technical services such as intelligent supervision, intelligent production, intelligent early warning, intelligent evaluation, authority management and mobile management, so as to create a strategic highland of "Internet plus sericulture" and "agricultural informatization" in Guangxi and boost modern sericulture industrialization. Using this platform and standardized and streamlined modern sericulture technology system, the popularization of sericulture technology will be realized, and sericulture bases (households) will be brought into the management scope of agricultural and rural bureaus, sericulture stations, companies and other units by taking advantage of the timely and effective platform, so as to boost the industrialization of modern sericulture, promote the transformation and upgrading of sericulture industry, increase the income of sericulture farmers and revitalize rural construction.

prospect

Intelligent automatic sericulture solution effectively reduces the manpower cost of sericulture through advanced sericulture equipment, improves the quality of cocoon from the source, promotes the development of sericulture in the direction of scale, intensification, specialization and standardization, helps the high-quality development of sericulture during the 14 th Five-Year Plan period, and contributes to the prosperity of rich farmers and rural areas.

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