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What is the standard of 3G?
（ 1）W-CDMA
Also known as WCDMA, also known as wideband CDMA, also known as CDMA direct spread spectrum, which means wideband code division multiple access. This is a 3G technical specification based on GSM network and broadband CDMA technology proposed by Europe. It is basically the same as the broadband CDMA technology proposed by Japan and is being further integrated. Its supporters are mainly European manufacturers mainly based on GSM system, and Japanese companies are also involved to some extent, including Ericsson, Alcatel, Nokia, Lucent and Nortel in Europe and America, as well as NTT, Fujitsu and Sharp in Japan. The system can be built on the existing GSM network, which can be easily transitioned for system providers, and in Asia where GSM system is quite popular, the acceptance of this new technology is expected to be quite high. Therefore, W-CDMA has inherent market advantages. This standard puts forward the evolution strategy of GSM(2G)-GPRS-EDGE-WCDMA(3G). GPRS is the abbreviation of general packet radio service, and EDGE is the abbreviation of enhanced data rate of GSM evolution. These two technologies are called the 2nd and 5th generation mobile communication technologies.
2 code division multiple access 2000
CDMA2000 is a wideband CDMA technology developed from narrowband CDMA(CDMA IS95) technology, also known as CDMA multicarrier. The standard was put forward by Qualcomm North America Company of the United States, and Motorola, Lucent and Samsung of South Korea all participated in it. South Korea is now the leader of the standard. The system originated from the narrow-band CDMAOne digital standard, and can be directly upgraded from the original CDMAOne structure to 3G, with low construction cost. But at present, CDMA is only used in Japan, South Korea and North America, so there are not as many supporters of CDMA2000 as W-CDMA. However, the research and development technology of CDMA2000 is the fastest among the current standards, and many 3G mobile phones have taken the lead. This standard puts forward the evolution strategy from CDMA IS95 (2G)-CDMA 20001X-CDMA 20003x (3G). CDMA2000 1x is called the second generation mobile communication technology. The main difference between CDMA20003x and CDMA2000 1x lies in the application of multicarrier technology, which improves the bandwidth by using three carriers. At present, China Unicom is adopting this scheme to transition to 3G, and has built a CDMA IS95 network.
Third, time division-synchronous code division multiple access technology.
The full name is time division-synchronous code division multiple access, which is a 3G standard independently formulated by Chinese mainland. On June 29th, 1999, the former Institute of Telecommunications Science and Technology of China Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (Datang Telecom) proposed to ITU. The standard integrates international leading technologies such as smart wireless, synchronous CDMA and software radio, and has unique advantages in spectrum utilization, business support flexibility, frequency flexibility and cost. In addition, due to the huge market in China, the standard has attracted the attention of major telecom equipment manufacturers, and more than half of the equipment manufacturers in the world have announced that they can support the TD-SCDMA standard. This standard proposes a direct transition to 3G without the intermediate link of 2.5 generation, which is very suitable for upgrading GSM system to 3G.
4 . WiMAX
WiMAX, whose full name is Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is also known as 802 16 wireless metropolitan area network, which is another broadband wireless connection scheme for enterprises and home users. Combining this technology with microwave equipment with or without authorization will expand the broadband wireless market and raise the awareness of enterprises and service providers because of its low cost. On June 65438+1October 65438+1October 9, 2007, the International Telecommunication Union officially approved WiMAX as the fourth global 3G standard after WCDMA, CDMA2000 and TD-SCDMA. (/3g Home Page)
Universal mobile telephone communication system
As early as the early 1990s, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) began to collect technical solutions for 3G standards. The ambitious 3G technologies are collectively called UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System), which means Universal Mobile Telecommunication System. Broadband CDMA (bandwidth 5MHz) proposal is one of its many schemes. Since then, Japan's active participation has greatly promoted the globalization of 3G standards. 1998, Japan and Europe reached an agreement on the key parameters of the broadband CDMA proposal, which officially became the selected technical scheme of FDD (frequency division duplex) band air interface in UMTS system, so it is usually called WCDMA. W is broadband, which is different from the narrowband CDMA (bandwidth 1.25MHz) standard originating from North America.
The continuous development of the above technical standards is reflected in the four versions of UMTS standard of 3GPP: R99, R4, R5 and R6. It has formed a huge and relatively independent standard system. WCDMA is the earliest and most perfect preferred air interface, which is widely used by 3G operators in Europe, Asia and America. (/3g Home Page)
third generation
NTT DoCoMo, a Japanese mobile communication giant, launched the world's first 3G service based on WCDMA standard on October 6th, 2006. At present, Asia has become the fastest growing region of 3G, followed by Europe, while the United States is far behind in technical preparation due to lack of enthusiasm. In addition to Japan and South Korea, Thailand, China and Hongkong also issued 3G licenses. So far, Taiwan Province Province has launched 3G services in many telecom operators, such as Chunghwa Telecom, Taiwan Province Mobile, Yuanchuan Telecom and Weibao Telecom.
3G Status in China
1In April, 2008, China Mobile Communications Group Co., Ltd. launched the third generation mobile communication (3G) "China standard" TD-SCDMA social service test and commercial trial in eight cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Shenyang, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Xiamen and Qinhuangdao, with the number 157. It marks the official commercial launch of the third generation mobile communication (3G) standard TD in China. According to reports, the first batch of social business tests will invite 20,000 users from different industries and departments to provide 2,000-4,000 yuan of mobile phones and data card terminals free of charge, and give the test users a monthly telephone fee subsidy in 800 yuan.
Judging from China Mobile's public tariff standard, ordinary telephone charges TD are even cheaper than 2G. TD monthly fee is 50 yuan/month, and the local basic call charge of the caller is 0.40 yuan/minute, and the caller is free; The domestic roaming call fee is 0.60 yuan/minute, and the called party is 0.40 yuan/minute; The domestic long-distance call charge is 0.07 yuan /6 seconds; The short message fee is 0. 1 yuan/message inside the network and 0. 15 yuan/message outside the network, and it is received free of charge.
TD's new service-videophone local communication calls 0.6 yuan/min, and the called party is free; Domestic roaming calling 0.9 yuan/min, called 0.60 yuan/min; The domestic long distance is 0. 10 yuan /6 seconds. In addition, China Mobile has also launched three TD voice packages and data card packages, and the voice charges are lower than the current G network level.
After the completion of the second phase of TD network, all provincial capitals and municipalities directly under the Central Government and 38 cities including Shenzhen, Dalian, Ningbo, Qingdao, Qinhuangdao and Baoding will be able to exchange videophones.
China Mobile recently issued a procurement tender announcement, showing that TD-SCDMA network construction will be fully rolled out throughout the country. 3G users in this city will soon be able to roam 3G networks in provincial capitals and other major cities in China and enjoy high-speed wireless network applications.
TD phase ii network bidding
China Mobile recently issued the Tender Notice for Wireless Network Equipment Procurement of China Mobile TD-SCDMA Expanded Network Technology Application Test Network Phase II Project, indicating that it will start the tender for TD-SCDMA Phase II equipment in the near future.
TD-SCDMA wireless network equipment bidding involves 28 cities including Shijiazhuang and Taiyuan. The second phase of TD network construction plans to build 23,000 wireless base stations and about 1.6 million wireless fans, which is about 1.58 times of the first phase of network construction .4543 base stations.
In the first stage, there are 10 cities, including Tianjin, Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and other megacities. It is understood that in these big cities, the number of base stations in a single city exceeds 65,438+0,000, with the highest exceeding 3,000. However, most cities that carry out the second-phase network construction have only a few hundred base stations, with an average of 800 base stations in each city. According to expert analysis, although there are a large number of cities in the second phase of TD network construction, the scale of cities in the first phase is not as large as that of cities, so the demand for base stations is relatively reduced in the initial stage.
38 cities can use 3G next year.
According to the tender announcement, the second phase of TD network construction covers 28 cities including Shijiazhuang, Taiyuan, Hohhot, Dalian, Changchun, Harbin, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Hefei, Fuzhou, Nanchang, Jinan, Zhengzhou, Wuhan, Changsha, Nanning, Hainan, Chongqing, Chengdu, Guiyang, Kunming, Lhasa, Xi 'an, Lanzhou, Xining, Yinchuan and Urumqi. Wang Jianzhou, chairman of China Mobile, has publicly stated that the second phase of the network is expected to be completed and put into use before the end of June next year.
After the completion of the second phase of TD network construction, all provincial capitals and municipalities directly under the Central Government and 38 cities including Shenzhen, Dalian, Ningbo, Qingdao, Qinhuangdao and Baoding will be able to exchange videophones and realize a number of typical 3G services.
Roaming 37 cities and enjoying high-speed communication.
At present, 3G users in this city use GSM network when trying to roam to areas not covered by 3G network. According to the construction process of China Mobile, by the middle of next year, 3G users in this city will be able to roam 3G networks in 37 cities across the country, and it will be more convenient to use TD mobile phones or TD data cards to wirelessly access the Internet for work and entertainment in other places.
However, people who are concerned about 3G need to pay attention to the fact that there are only 800 base stations in each city in the second phase of network construction, and the coverage is mostly in local central cities. When citizens roam to TD city, it is expected that it will be smoother to make 3G calls and access the Internet in urban areas, while problems such as weakening 3G signals may occur in local suburbs. At that time, mobile phones may automatically switch to GSM network, and calls and text messages should not be a problem, but the use of some 3G services may be affected.
Current situation of TD-SCDMA ten cities
There are more than 2,000 stations in Beijing, and they are currently making up stations to improve coverage;
There are more than 2,000 stations in Shanghai, covering an area of about 1 153 square kilometers, which will increase to 3,000 TD base stations this year;
There are 2 1 16 stations in Guangzhou, covering about 1782 square kilometers, which is built with Datang. At present, there are more than 15000 trial users in Guangdong, and it is planned to expand to120,000 by the end of the year;
453 sites in Tianjin;
Shenzhen 1000 sites;
Xiamen has more than 150 sites;
Shenyang Ding Qiao and Zhongxing Construction;
Qinhuangdao has 300 base stations with a total capacity of about 450,000.
Baoding China Mobile has received it from China Telecom. * * * There are 453 base stations in Hong Fengwo, 97 indoor distribution stations and 0 repeaters/kloc-0, which are distributed in 22 counties and cities in Baoding.
Qingdao China Mobile has obtained 4 13 TD base stations from Netcom.
system device
ZTE: 46% share, Beijing, Tianjin, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Qinhuangdao and Xiamen.
Datang Mobile+Alcatel Shanghai Bell: 37% share, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Qingdao and Baoding.
Ding Qiao (Huawei+Nokia Siemens): 14% share, Shenzhen, Xiamen, Shenyang and Baoding.
Fiberhome Communication: 4%, New Post: 5%, Putian: 3%, Qinhuangdao
Support 3G mobile phone terminal
Sony Ericsson, ZTE, Samsung, Singapore Post, Amoi, Hisense, Huali, LG Electronics, Datang, Lenovo, Sangfei, Yulong Coolpad, Panda, dopod, UT Starcom, TCL, Huawei, Qi Long, Motorola, Haier, Nokia and Apple.
TD has enjoyed an unprecedented price advantage since September.
Yesterday, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology approved the report of China Mobile on increasing the trial commercial selective tariff scheme of TD-SCDMA. As can be seen from the report, TD-SCDMA tariffs will be greatly reduced from this month, and Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Tianjin will be piloted in advance. It is particularly noteworthy that, except for free local calls, TD local callers dropped to 0.22 yuan in the first three minutes, and then dropped to 0. 1 1 yuan per minute, and the tariff standard almost dropped to the fixed-line tariff level.
It is reported that the new TD tariff package launched this time includes four categories: enterprise package, family package, SME office switchboard package and campus card package.
3G parameters
Wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA)
RTT Front for the Defence of Democracy
Asynchronous CDMA system: no GPS
Bandwidth: 5 MHz
Chip speed: 3.84 MHz/sec
China band:1920-1980mhz/210-2170mhz.
1755- 1785 MHz/1850- 1880 MHz
TD-SCDMA
RTT TDD
Synchronous CDMA system: with GPS
Bandwidth: 1.6 MHz
Chip speed: 1.28 MHz/sec
China frequency bands: 1880- 1920MHz, 20 10-2025MHz.
2300-2400 MHz
CDMA2000
RTT Front for the Defence of Democracy
Synchronous CDMA system: with GPS
Bandwidth:1.23mhz.
Chip rate: 1.2288 MHz/sec
China band:1920-1980mhz/210-2170mhz.
1755- 1785 MHz/1850- 1880 MHz
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