How much do you understand about the six hot words about real estate?

One city, one policy, real estate tax, housing prices, affordable housing, both renting and purchasing, and rural collective land have become high-frequency words of concern during this year’s National Two Sessions

The annual National Two Sessions and their government work reports , are the focus of attention from all walks of life, because they involve the implementation and implementation of specific policies in the new year, and they have benchmark significance. At the National Two Sessions in 2019, judging from the government work report, ministerial speeches, suggestions and proposals from National People’s Congress deputies and CPPCC members, and hot discussion summaries from major netizens, hot words related to real estate mainly include “one city, one policy” and housing security. , real estate tax legislation, housing prices, "three land" reform, both renting and purchasing, new urbanization, urban agglomerations, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, etc.

These hot words cover land, property market, and urban construction, which not only affect the housing interests and happiness index of the vast number of people, but also are related to the strategic layout and strategic considerations of real estate practitioners.

One city, one policy "stabilizes" the market

Interpretation: In the process of implementing real estate regulation, different cities will implement policies based on their own economic development, property market transactions, inventory status, housing prices, etc. Develop control policies that suit you, but the premise is to ensure the stability of housing prices, land prices, and expectations, and to prevent risks.

In this year's local and national two sessions, "one city, one policy" and "stabilizing land prices, housing prices, and expectations" have become frequent hot words.

"One city, one policy" has been mentioned in many places

According to incomplete statistics from a reporter from the Beijing News, so far, it has included Jinan, Qingdao, Wuhan, Shanghai, Changsha, and Chengdu "One city, one policy" has been mentioned in many places, including , Hangzhou, Ningbo, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Anhui Province, Henan Province, etc.

Since this year, “one city, one policy” has gradually become a key word in the regulation of property markets in various provinces and cities. For example, on March 3, Shandong Province issued opinions emphasizing the implementation of the city's main responsibility system for real estate regulation. Jinan and Qingdao should scientifically formulate "one city, one policy" implementation plans.

On February 22, the Wuhan Housing Authority held a meeting and clearly stated that it would steadily promote the "one city, one policy" pilot to prevent high land prices, high housing prices, and high leverage risks, and maintain the smooth operation of the real estate market. , house prices are within a reasonable range. On January 17, Zhang Da, deputy director of the Henan Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, said that in 2019, the province will continue to implement the urban government's main responsibility system for regulating the real estate market, adhere to local conditions, implement comprehensive policies, and implement "one city, one policy."

Yao Jinbo, deputy to the National People's Congress and CEO of 58.com, said that since the beginning of the year, many hot cities have announced the implementation of the "one city, one policy" pilot project for property market regulation, which has brought housing prices in medium and large cities under control. This is the most effective means.

As for the regulatory policies in 2019, Li Li, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and co-chairman and president of R&F Real Estate Group, said that each region will control it, and it will definitely differ from region to region.

Local regulation will gain more autonomy

In fact, regarding the trend of real estate policy in 2019, from last year’s Central Economic Work Conference to the National Housing and Urban-Rural Development Work Conference, all decisions have been made Clear instructions were issued to promote the stable and healthy development of the real estate market with the goal of stabilizing land prices, house prices, and expectations.

This year’s government work report also clearly pointed out that we should better solve the housing problem of the people, implement the main responsibilities of the city, reform and improve the housing market system and security system, and promote the stable and healthy development of the real estate market.

In the opinion of industry insiders, in 2019, real estate regulatory policies will be based on "stability", but each locality will gain more regulatory autonomy by implementing "one city, one policy" based on its own conditions.

Zhang Bo, chief analyst of 58 Anju Guest House Research Institute, said that the implementation of local main responsibilities, that is, "city-specific policies", is emphasized. In the future, the flexibility of local regulation will be greatly enhanced, and the regulation methods of different cities will also be There are certain differences. The differences in control methods and the tightness of control all have regional characteristics. The purpose is to ensure the stable and healthy development of Anjuke's local real estate.

Yan Yuejin, Research Director of the Think Tank Center of E-House Research Institute, believes that "one city, one policy" is the embodiment of "implementing policies according to the city, providing classified guidance, and consolidating the responsibility of the city's main body". The implication is that local governments will gain greater regulatory autonomy. But at the same time, local governments also need to assume the regulatory responsibility of "stabilizing land prices, stabilizing housing prices, and stabilizing expectations."

The implementation of real estate tax may be accelerated

Interpretation: Real estate tax is a comprehensive concept. All taxes that are directly related to the real estate economic operation process belong to real estate tax, and real estate tax is one of them. An important component is the tax during the housing ownership stage.

After last year, real estate tax legislation appeared in the government work report for the second time. On March 5, Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council, mentioned real estate tax in his government work report and said: "Improving the local tax system and steadily advancing real estate tax legislation."

From "Steady" to "Steady"

Real estate tax first appeared in the 2014 Government Work Report. The proposal was to promote the reform of the tax system and do a good job in real estate tax and other related work. It was not mentioned in 2015-2017. It was proposed again in 2018 and was legislated for the first time. The work is written down, and the word "safe" is used, which shows the government's determination to promote real estate tax legislation.

In 2019, the formulation of real estate tax legislation in the government work report changed from "stable" to "stable". In the view of Zhang Dawei, chief analyst of Centaline Real Estate, "stable" means stable and reliable, and "stable" means "stable". It refers to proceeding with certain steps with confidence, which shows that the speed of implementation of real estate tax is expected to be accelerated.

Zhang Bo, chief analyst of 58 Anjuke Real Estate Research Institute, also believes that the emphasis on steadily advancing real estate tax legislation indicates that the implementation of real estate tax is accelerating. As an important tax in the future real estate industry, real estate tax will not only It is conducive to promoting the fundamental solution of "land finance" and plays an important role in ensuring the smooth operation of the real estate market.

It is unlikely that it will be levied in 2019

As a real estate tax that plays an important role in expanding local tax sources, regulating the real estate market, and optimizing income distribution, its legislation and implementation are the general trend. But this year, from the perspective of legislative procedures, legislative difficulties and counter-cyclical regulation, the possibility of implementation is not very high.

At the National Two Sessions, Mo Tianquan, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and chairman of Fangtianxia, ??said in the proposal: "Sooner or later, the property tax will be introduced, and it should be introduced. This is the general trend."

Mo Tianquan also said that at this critical time when the downward pressure on the economy is high and the deleveraging and supply-side structural reforms are taken into account at the same time, it is still necessary to continue to boost market confidence. All policies that may have a negative impact on national confidence and economic development are at this critical moment. Any key node should be postponed.

Mo Tianquan suggested that the tax department should carefully grasp the time point for levying property tax to ensure that market confidence is not affected. The property tax should be collected under the premise that the market is improving and confidence is sufficient, and the property tax should be collected gradually from point to area. Implement.

Zhang Dawei believes that the steady advancement of real estate tax will take some time. The legislative process is long, and it is unlikely to be implemented within three years. The real estate tax is currently in the active draft preparation stage, and it is unlikely to be introduced in the short term.

House prices will continue to remain stable

Interpretation: House prices are land prices + building prices, and are the most important regulatory mechanism for real estate economic operations and resource allocation. The price positioning of house prices is composed of many factors.

House prices are a hot topic of concern to the people. House prices are not only related to people's livelihood, but also closely related to the happiness index of people's lives. Every year during the two sessions, housing prices will become one of the hotly debated topics.

Since 2016, in order to curb the rapid rise in housing prices, my country has introduced multiple macro-control policies. After three years of regulation, my country's housing prices have been initially curbed.

This year, Premier Li Keqiang still emphasized the goal of "promoting the stable and healthy development of the real estate market" when delivering his government work report. Representatives of the two sessions also predicted this year's housing price trends.

Among them, Zhang Dawei, chief analyst of Centaline Real Estate, analyzed, "Although there have been fine-tuning in some cities recently, the central government's determination to curb the rise in housing prices will not change."

For this year Mo Tianquan, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and chairman of Fangtianxia, ??believes that the trend of housing prices in our country: "House prices in 2019 will continue the trend in the second half of 2018, and there will not be too big fluctuations. The rise or fall will not be too big. This This stable trend will continue for a period of time."

"It is normal for housing prices to rise to a certain extent, but if there is an excessive rise, it must be controlled," Mo Tianquan said.

Yao Jinbo, deputy to the National People's Congress and CEO of 58.com, said in an interview with a reporter from the Beijing News: "Since the beginning of this year, many hot cities have announced the implementation of 'one city, one policy' for property market regulation, using some non-market measures. This method has controlled housing prices in medium and large cities and kept housing prices within a healthy range."

As for the differentiation between cities and future trends, Yao Jinbo said: "Currently, the fourth and fifth tier cities are the most vulnerable. The unit price of expensive houses has reached about 10,000 yuan. In the past two years, some buyers have flocked to fourth- and fifth-tier cities, which has boosted the rise in housing prices in such small cities. Now it seems that the balance is swinging back, including in new cities such as Beijing. The property market in first-tier cities is showing signs of recovery, which is also the market's choice. "To curb the excessive rise in housing prices, we should start from the source of land supply," Cai Jiming, a deputy to the National People's Congress and a professor at Tsinghua University, suggested.

Expand the benefits of affordable housing to the population

Interpretation: Affordable housing refers to housing with limited standards, limited prices or rents provided by the government for low- and middle-income families with housing difficulties. It generally consists of low-rent housing, affordable housing, policy rental housing, targeted resettlement housing, etc.

This year’s government work report for the first time links the solution to the housing problem of the masses with the main responsibilities of the city, and proposes, “We must reform and improve the housing market system and security system to promote the stable and healthy development of the real estate market.”

In this regard, Yan Yuejin, research director of the Think Tank Center of the E-House Research Institute, believes that this is consistent with the spirit of the two sessions in 2018. From a policy perspective, there are three main points, namely, implementing the main responsibilities of the city, improving the housing system, and promoting the shed renovation project. It is expected that this year we will continue to promote the assessment of property market regulation in various regions.

In fact, projects to protect people's livelihood have always been a matter of greater concern to society. This year's "Two Sessions" requirements for affordable housing and shantytown renovation work are: "Continue to promote the construction of affordable housing and the renovation of urban shantytowns, and ensure The basic housing needs of disadvantaged groups will not change. In 2018, the country overcompleted the renovation task of 5.8 million units (actually completed 6.26 million units), and the next two years will enter the final stage. In addition, combined with the previous policy direction of “promoting monetized resettlement of housing estates in accordance with local conditions”, the tightening of housing reform policies will focus on areas with insufficient commercial housing stock and greater pressure on housing prices.

In terms of ensuring the basic housing needs of needy groups, in view of the fact that the application for affordable housing for new citizens in some cities uses household registration as the entry threshold, Yao Jinbo, deputy to the National People's Congress and CEO of 58.com, suggested: "Break the household registration restrictions and use social security contributions to Or the length of personal income tax collection as the basis for application, so that the housing welfare policy can more fully benefit new citizen groups. At the same time, the restrictions on age, disposable income, etc. for affordable housing are relaxed. Tenants can apply when they are 18 years old or above, with all monthly income. Those who are below the individual tax threshold can apply first to meet the reasonable housing needs of new citizen groups." Zhai Meiqing, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and president of Xiangjiang Group, said: "The country should pay attention to the needs of different levels of people. Demand, pay attention to the demand for housing for talents and housing for poor families, and provide preferential policies to encourage it; commercial housing will follow market rules. "

The simultaneous promotion of renting and purchasing requires supporting policy support

Interpretation: Rent. The merger and acquisition policy is to support the permanent residents with the ability to purchase commercial housing. For permanent residents who do not have the ability or willingness to buy a house, we will support them to rent and live in a house through the housing rental market. For qualified low-income families with housing difficulties, their basic housing needs are guaranteed by providing public rental housing or granting rental subsidies.

The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed that we should adhere to the positioning that houses are for living in, not for speculation, and accelerate the establishment of a housing system with multi-subject supply, multi-channel guarantee, and both rental and purchase, so that all people can Have a place to stay.

At the National Two Sessions, the simultaneous promotion of renting and purchasing has become a hot topic. In this regard, Yao Jinbo, deputy to the National People's Congress and CEO of 58.com, pointed out that many people now rent houses for up to 10 years. In most cities, people have put forward higher requirements for housing quality. The state is also encouraging “equal rights for renting and selling” and social capital to enter the leasing market.

However, "We have seen that in the past year, some long-term rental apartment institutions collapsed, which also created related financial risks. Therefore, it is necessary to supervise the 'fund pool' of brand apartment companies." Yao Jinbo say.

Li Xiaolin, deputy to the National People’s Congress and chairman of the board of directors of Linda Group, believes that institutional leasing models such as centralized leasing and self-sustaining leasing can overcome the problem of asymmetric rental information, improve the quality of housing rentals, and alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand. This is The future development trend of housing rental in large and medium-sized cities. In this process, supporting support from policy measures related to land, finance, taxation and law is needed. Tax issues involve all aspects of institutional leasing, including financing, housing or project acquisition, renovation, and operation, and multiple policy bottlenecks need to be overcome.

“The development of long-term rental apartments needs to be encouraged, and supporting policies are also needed to support its development so that middle- and low-income groups have a better living environment.” Mo Tian, ??member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and chairman of Fangtianxia Quan pointed out that the development of long-term rental apartments must prevent and avoid monopolies in the industry. Some companies may control rents by monopolizing housing supply, which requires market supervision. In addition, during the operation of long-term rental apartments, the use of financial means should not be excessive and should comply with financial policies.

The entry of rural collective land into the market has stabilized rental prices

Interpretation: With the reform of the urban state-owned land use system and the acceleration of urbanization, rural collective land, especially rural areas within urban planning areas, The value of use rights and asset value of collective construction land is becoming more and more apparent, which has also resulted in the entry of collective land into the market.

On March 5, at the second session of the 13th National People’s Congress, Premier Li Keqiang mentioned in the government work report “the promotion of rural land expropriation, the entry of collective commercial construction land into the market, and the reform of the homestead system. Pilot results”. Among them, the entry of collective commercial construction land into the market has always received more attention from the market because it affects the supply of urban construction land and the development of the property market.

In this regard, Cai Jiming, a representative of the National People's Congress and a professor at Tsinghua University, said that my country's rural collective construction land currently covers 190,000 square kilometers, which is twice the urban construction land. Among the collective construction land, commercial construction land accounts for only 14%, and residential land accounts for more than 70%. If we only allow the existing collective commercial construction land to enter the market, it is a drop in the bucket and is not enough to alleviate the shortage of urban construction land. It should Expand the scope of pilot projects to enter the market, especially allow rural homestead land to enter the market. There are 30 million acres of idle homestead land in rural areas in my country. If part of it enters the market, it will help stabilize or reduce housing prices.

Cai Jiming revealed that in some pilot areas, the transfer of homesteads outside members of collective economic organizations is already being explored. Therefore, he suggested that the "Amendment to the Land Management Law (Draft)" should allow idle rural residential land to be converted into industrial, commercial and other commercial construction land and enter the unified urban and rural construction land market on the premise of complying with unified urban and rural planning.

Mo Tianquan, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and chairman of Fangtianxia, ??pointed out that the land market, as a primary market, is the first factor in leveraging real estate. Without sufficient supply, it will be difficult to control housing prices. Therefore, the entry of collective land into the market can, on the one hand, increase supply and help the entire real estate market and control housing prices. In addition, it can also improve people's living standards.

“The entry of collective land into the market is more reflected in the leasing market, which will help low- and middle-income groups more directly and can control the increase in rents.” Mo Tianquan also emphasized that the entry into the market and construction of collective land must be in accordance with the Only through the overall planning of each city can related problems be avoided.

Yao Jinbo, deputy to the National People’s Congress and CEO of 58.com, suggested that more collective land should be encouraged to directly enter the rental market. Some cities have already done this. He hopes that opening it up in more large and medium-sized cities will help stabilize the situation. Rental price.