Provisions on the stacking height of goods in warehouses

When materials are stacked, heavy objects are placed at the bottom and light objects are placed at the top. Vulnerable items should be fixed, and easily falling items should be squeezed. Put down the long things. The stacking height of three-dimensional stacked materials and articles shall be limited. On the premise that the ratio of the bottom of the pile to the chopping height is 1: 2, the height of the pile shall not exceed 2m, and the pile shall not be tilted or shaken. Steel should be neatly placed next to the channel; Sliding objects should be supported or stabilized, and the rolling surface of cylindrical products or workpieces should not face the safe passage. All kinds of measuring tools shall not be placed on the movable surface and guide rail of lathe. Wire rope should be put on the shelf and clearly marked. The placement of materials should not affect the operation, and there should be 0.6m space in the area where the activities are frequent.

Basic principles of overall layout:

1. 1 is beneficial to job optimization. Warehouse operation optimization refers to improving the continuity of operation, realizing one-time operation, reducing loading and unloading times, shortening the handling distance and the shortest handling distance; Minimum handling links; Make the warehouse complete a task with the least loading and unloading capacity. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the business contact and information transmission between various workplaces and departments. Ensure the safety of the warehouse.

1.2 single logistics direction, keep straight operation and avoid circuitous reverse operation; Emphasize the only logistics outlet and the only logistics inlet, which is convenient for monitoring and management;

1.3 Maximize the use of plane and space.

1.4 Saving construction investment. The extension facilities in the warehouse, such as power supply, water supply, heating, communication and other facilities, have great influence on the capital construction investment and operating expenses, so they should be arranged as centrally as possible.

1.5 for easy storage. Improve the quality of goods storage;

1.6 Goods stored in the same area must be compatible. When the nature of goods affects or conflicts with each other, they cannot be stored in the same warehouse.

1.7 Goods with different storage conditions cannot be mixed. For example, temperature and humidity should not be put together, because it is unrealistic to meet two or more storage conditions at the same time in the same storage space.

1.8 Commodities with different operation methods cannot be mixed. When the volume and weight of objects are greatly different in the same storage space, it will seriously affect the utilization rate of equipment configured for operation in this area, and at the same time increase the complexity and difficulty of operation.

1.9 Goods with different fire control measures cannot be mixed. When goods with different fire modes are put together, it will not only increase the potential safety hazard, but also increase the difficulty and danger of fire control and fighting.

Regional planning method

2. 1 Partition according to different functions of warehousing. Whether the planning and layout of each functional area is reasonable will have a great impact on the efficiency, quality, cost and profitability of warehouse operations. 1/3 of the commonly used area is used as non-storage function. Unless restricted by conditions, the logistics entrance and exit are planned in one area.

2. 1. 1 channel. Smooth channels; Logistics entrance and logistics exit should be listed; Use paint to plan passages and functional areas on the ground. It is divided into main channel, auxiliary channel and inspection channel. The road surface needs to be flat and straight to reduce turning and defects.

2. 1.2 office space. In order to increase the storage area, the storage office should be located on the second floor of the warehouse as far as possible, or planned at the entrance to facilitate communication and rapid response;

2. 1.3 living quarters. Dining room, dressing room, bathroom and rest area.

2. 1.4 tool area. Centralized management, easy to repair and maintain; Specify the storage location of fire control facilities; Garage; Substation room; Oil depot; Maintenance room;

2. 1.5 storage area. Functional planning of storage area.

2. 1.5. 1 acceptance area. The area where the supplier is received.

2. 1.5.2 whole cargo area. Main storage area.

2. 1.5.3 Bulk cargo area. Large-scale enterprises can set a separate area for the whole unpacked goods, and the storage space corresponds to the whole goods area, which is convenient for sorting and stocking management. The planning of this area plays a key role in efficient operation and customer service.

2. 1.5.4 stocking area. Prepare the goods according to the order in advance, arrange them neatly, separate the goods ordered by different customers, and visually manage the kanban, such as setting up distribution area cards and planning a fixed rolling distribution area every day to prevent the goods from being lost; Stocking area is a region with many problems, so it must be strictly managed.

2. 1.5.5 comment area. Check the final entrance and exit, and hand over the area with customers.

2. 1.5.6 Return to the area. Accept customer returns.

2. 1.5.7 wasted area. Waiting for scrap write-off.

2. 1.5.8 defective area. Can be repaired or returned to the supplier.

2.2 Divide the goods in stock according to their different physical and chemical properties, and ensure that the goods stored in the same warehouse have the same physical and chemical properties, which is convenient for taking maintenance measures; Such as: metal area, plastic area, textile area, cold storage area, dangerous goods area, etc.

2.3 Divide the goods in stock according to the direction of use, such as special products: traditional Chinese medicine, western medicine and health care products;

2.4 According to the different suppliers of goods in stock, it is convenient for project management.

3. The plan of the warehouse, which shows the locations of passages and areas, doors and windows, stairs and elevators, fire-fighting facilities, the geographical location of the warehouse and the surrounding environment;

4. Site selection planning

4. 1 Positioning principle

4. 1. 1 The principle of closest logistics export. On the basis of defining the fixed and mobile cargo hold, it is required to place the materials in the position closest to the logistics outlet.

4. 1.2 Based on the principle of inventory turnover rate. Varieties with high import and export frequency and large import and export volume are placed on the fixed cargo space nearest to the logistics outlet; Of course, with the change of product life cycle, season and other factors, the inventory turnover rate will also change, and the cargo spaces are also reordered.

4. 1.3 Relevance principle. Because of bom or habit, two or more related materials are often used at the same time. If they are placed in adjacent positions, the moving distance of sorters can be shortened and the work efficiency can be improved.

4. 1.4 Uniqueness principle. The same (qualified) materials should be stored in a single cargo area to facilitate unified management and avoid multiple deliveries; Of course, automated warehouses do not need to strictly abide by this principle.

4. 1.5 series principles. For the same series of materials, set up a larger area, such as oil product area, half shaft area, bearing area, Chen Xin (supplier) area, Fuao area, standard parts area, rubber parts area, wearing parts area, etc.

4. 1.6 Principle of isolating easily mixed materials. For materials with similar appearance that are difficult to be recognized by naked eyes, two or more cargo holds should be separated on the basis of clear labels to prevent confusion and difficulty in distinguishing.

4. 1.7 batch number management principle. Suitable for food, medicine, cosmetics and other goods sensitive to shelf life, and a batch number of goods must be placed in a cargo hold alone; Through FIFO and strict management, if the goods of the same batch fail to pass the inspection or are not allowed to be released in advance, a red card warning should be set up to avoid being mixed into the factory and causing quality accidents;

4. 1.8 Channel-oriented principle. That is to say, the labels of commodities should face the channel, not only the outer layer should face the channel, but also all commodity labels should face the channel and face the same direction, so that sorting personnel can always work smoothly without interrupting their work of confirming labels. No encirclement, no blockage.

4. 1.9 principle of reasonable collocation. Considering the shape and size of materials, the space should be allocated reasonably according to the actual warehouse conditions; Avoid insufficient space, multiple cargo holds, excessive space and underutilization.

4. 1. 10 The principle of "attaching importance to the top and neglecting the bottom". Light materials are placed in the upstairs or upper cargo hold, and heavy materials are placed in the downstairs or lower cargo hold, which can reduce the handling intensity and ensure the safety of shelves, buildings and personnel.

4. 1. 1 1 storage principle of chemicals, inflammable and explosive dangerous goods in different regions. Focus on management and maintenance to avoid affecting the safety of other materials.

4. 1. 12 visual kanban principle. Draw a "cargo location plan" and indicate the clear location of the goods. Even temporary workers can accurately sort out the right goods.

4. 1. 13 "five spacing"-top spacing: 50 cm from the roof or beam, lamp spacing: 50 cm from the explosion-proof lamp holder to the goods, wall spacing: 50 cm from the outer wall, 30 cm from the inner wall, column spacing: 10-20 cm, stacking spacing:/. Flammable goods should also keep a fire distance.