First aid knowledge is 20 to 30 words.

First aid knowledge is 20 to 30 words.

First aid knowledge has 20 to 30 words. None of us knows whether the accident will happen to us in the next moment, so it is very necessary to learn all kinds of self-help methods. Let's share the first aid knowledge in 20 to 30 words.

Words 20 to 30 of the first aid knowledge jingle 1( 1)

Food poisoning should first induce vomiting and leave samples for doctors;

Fall fracture should be fixed, and random stretching will aggravate it;

Gas poisoning, open the window quickly, and the heart stops.

Boiling water scalds cold water, soy sauce toothpaste doesn't work;

When a traffic accident calls for help, professionals will move it;

Don't rush to control the drowning man, you can't save him without breathing;

Tracheal foreign bodies pat the back first, and Ha Mo Like helps;

Animal bites should be washed with water and injected in time to prevent and control them.

(2)

Faint and pinch people

If the myocardial infarction hooks the pole spring, the toes will bleed.

Stroke, Rapid Bleeding, Earlobe and Ten Precautions

Cough and wheezing, pricking blood at the tip of nose.

If the pressure is too high, a heart attack will occur, and Neiguan Laogong will save the day.

Find the center of acute low back pain

I have a splitting headache and my temples are gray.

Nosebleeds don't stop at the heel.

Vomiting and burping Neiguan point

Two simpler first aid methods:

1. Anyone who faints slaps his elbow socket hard, he will be afraid of pain to avoid it.

2. Press the thenar (the other side of Hegu) hard until it returns to normal.

First aid knowledge jingle 20 words to 30 words 2 family first aid knowledge

First, foreign bodies enter the eyes

Any tiny object or liquid, even a grain of sand or a drop of detergent, will cause eye pain and even damage the cornea.

First aid: First of all, blink hard and frequently, and wash away foreign objects with tears. If it doesn't work, pinch your eyelids and rinse your eyes under the tap. Be sure to take off your contact lenses.

Absolutely forbidden: don't rub your eyes, no matter how tiny the foreign body is, it will scratch the cornea and cause infection. If a foreign body enters the deep layer of the eye, you must seek medical attention immediately and ask a doctor for treatment.

Optical alarm: if corrosive liquid spills into eyes, you must go to the hospital immediately for treatment; If the eyes are still uncomfortable after self-treatment, burning sensation, edema or blurred vision appear, you need to ask a doctor to use professional instruments for treatment, and you must not act rashly.

Second, sprain

When the ligaments around the joints are overstretched beyond their bearing capacity, sprains will occur, usually accompanied by bruises and edema.

First aid: within 24 hours after sprain, try to use ice packs for half an hour every other hour. Wrap the injured part with elastic pressure bandage and pad the injured part. After 24 hours, the affected area was changed to hot compress to promote blood circulation in the injured area.

Absolutely forbidden: you can't move the injured joint at will, otherwise it will easily cause ligament tear and it is relatively difficult to recover.

Warning: If the affected area is still painful and inconvenient to move after several days of self-treatment and rest, it may be a fracture, muscle strain or ligament rupture, and you need to go to the hospital immediately.

Third, nosebleeds

Nose bleeding is caused by the rupture of blood vessels in the nasal cavity, and the blood vessels in the nose are very fragile, so nosebleed is also a common small accident.

First aid method: lean forward slightly and press the cartilage under the bridge of the nose with your fingers for about 5- 15 minutes.

If conditions permit, putting a small ice pack on the bridge of the nose can also stop bleeding quickly.

Absolutely forbidden: Forcibly raising your head backwards will cause nosebleeds to flow into your mouth, and some blood will be inhaled into your lungs in a panic, which is neither safe nor hygienic.

Warning: If the nosebleed cannot stop for 20 minutes, the patient should go to the hospital for help immediately. If nosebleeds are too frequent without any reason, or accompanied by other symptoms such as headache, tinnitus, decreased vision and dizziness, you must also go to the hospital for treatment, because it may be that your brain has been shaken or hit hard.

Fourth, Burns.

Scalds are divided into three levels: first-degree burns can cause redness and tingling of the skin; After the second degree burn, you will see obvious blisters; Third-degree burns can cause skin ulcers and blackening.

First aid: once scalded, immediately put the scalded area under running water for washing or cold compress with a cold towel. If the burn area is large, the injured person should soak his whole body in a bathtub filled with cold water. Gauze or bandage can be loosely wrapped around the scald to protect the wound.

Absolutely forbidden: don't use ice to treat burns. Ice can damage the damaged skin and worsen the wound. Don't puncture the blister, or you will leave a scar. Don't apply antibiotic ointment or grease to the wound casually, these sticky substances are easy to get dirty.

Warning: Third degree burns, electric shock burns and chemical burns must go to the hospital. In addition, if the patient has cough, watery eyes or difficulty breathing, he needs the help of a professional doctor. If the area of the second degree burn is larger than the palm, the patient should also go to the hospital. Professional treatment can avoid leaving scars.

Five, suffocation

Real suffocation rarely happens in real life, and choking by drinking water or eating is generally not suffocation. When suffocation occurs, the patient will not have a strong cough, can't talk or breathe, and his face will turn red or blue-purple in a short time.

First aid: First of all, call an ambulance. In the process of waiting for the ambulance, the following measures need to be taken: let the patient lean forward and pat the patient's back between his shoulders with his palm. If it doesn't work, you need to stand behind the patient, hold your fist on the patient's abdomen and back, hold your fist with the other hand and push it up and down five times to help the patient breathe. Patients can also take such self-help measures: press the abdomen on a hard object, such as a kitchen countertop, and then squeeze the abdomen hard to make things stuck in the throat pop up.

Absolutely forbidden: Do not feed water or other food to patients with cough.

Light the alarm: as long as suffocation occurs, you need to call an ambulance to rescue the patient quickly.

Six, poisoning

Poisoning at home is generally due to eating cleaning and washing products by mistake, inhaling carbon monoxide or ingesting pesticides.

First aid: If the patient loses consciousness or has difficulty breathing, please call an ambulance quickly and be prepared to answer the following questions: what substance was ingested or inhaled, how much, the patient's weight, age and poisoning time.

Absolutely forbidden: not calling an ambulance before symptoms appear usually delays the treatment time. While waiting for help, don't give the patient anything to eat or drink, and don't try to help the patient induce vomiting, because some toxic substances may harm other organs of the patient during vomiting.

Reminder: As long as poisoning happens, you need to call an ambulance to rescue the patient quickly.

Seven, the head "attack"

The skull itself is very hard, so ordinary external forces rarely cause skull damage. If the external force is too strong, the fragile blood vessels in the neck, back and head will become "victims".

First aid: If you have a bag on your head, applying an ice pack to the affected area can reduce edema. If the head begins to bleed after being smashed, the treatment method is the same as that of being chopped, that is, first press the wound with a clean towel to stop bleeding, and then go to the hospital to suture the wound and check whether there is internal injury. If the injured person faints, you need to call an ambulance and take him to the hospital immediately.

Absolutely forbidden: don't let the injured fall asleep alone. Within 24 hours of being smashed, someone must accompany the injured. If the injured person is asleep, wake the injured person every three hours and ask the injured person to answer a few simple questions to ensure that the injured person is not in a coma and has no intracranial injury, such as concussion.

Warning: When the injured person has convulsions, dizziness, vomiting, nausea or obvious abnormal behavior, he needs to be hospitalized immediately.

Eight, injured.

1. If your eyes are injured, don't rub and rinse your eyes. Drop an appropriate amount of anti-inflammatory eye drops at most and lie flat. Call 120 or send them to a conditional hospital.

2. If the hand or foot is injured and bleeding due to firecrackers, stick it on the bleeding part with both hands quickly. If you have Yunnan Baiyao powder or notoginseng, you can sprinkle it to stop bleeding. If the bleeding is not limited to a large amount, the upper part of the bleeding site should be tied with a rubber band or coarse cloth, and the affected limb should be raised and sent to the hospital for debridement. However, the bandage should be loosened every 15 minutes to avoid ischemic necrosis of the affected part.

Nine, finger cuts

1. If there is less bleeding and the injury is not serious, you can put a band-aid on the wound after cleaning. It is not recommended to apply mercurochrome or hemostatic powder to the wound, as long as the wound is kept clean.

2, if the wound is big and bleeding, should stop bleeding first, and then immediately sent to the hospital. The specific hemostasis method is: wrap the wound with clean gauze, hold the two sides of the finger root and hold it high above the heart, because the blood vessels here are distributed on the left and right sides, this gesture can effectively stop bleeding. Rubber tourniquet will be more effective, but it should be noted that tourniquet must be relaxed for a few minutes every 20-30 minutes, otherwise it is easy to cause finger ischemia and necrosis.

Cerebral hemorrhage

First aid formula: turn your head sideways

Typical symptoms: People with a history of hypertension suddenly become inarticulate or even unconscious due to sudden drop in body temperature or emotional excitement.

1, family members should restrain their emotions, and don't shout or shake the unconscious person violently in order to wake up the patient, otherwise it will only worsen the condition rapidly.

2. When the patient is lying in bed, due to the increase of brain pressure, this kind of patient is prone to jet vomiting. If it is not removed in time, it may lead to suffocation and death due to vomit blocking the airway during cerebral hemorrhage coma. Therefore, the patient's head must be turned to one side so that vomit can flow out of the mouth.

3. Family members can apply an ice pack or a cold towel on the patient's forehead to help stop bleeding and relieve brain pressure.

XI。 drink excessively

1, used in coma to ensure airway patency.

2. If the patient vomits, immediately keep him in a stable lateral position and let the vomit flow out.

3. Keep the patient warm, especially in wet and cold conditions.

4, check the breathing, pulse and reaction degree, use cardiopulmonary resuscitation immediately when necessary.

5, put the patient in a stable lateral position, closely monitor the condition, check and record the breathing, pulse and reaction degree every 10 minutes.

Twelve. hemorrhagic shock

First aid formula: close observation to prevent blood loss.

Typical symptoms: massive blood loss due to accidents and zero blood pressure.

1, for shock patients, we must pay attention that when the stretcher is carried to the rescue site, the patient's head should be close to the back of the stretcher bearer, so as to facilitate close observation of the shock patient at any time to cope with the deterioration of the condition.

2. On the way to the hospital, the patient's head should face the direction opposite to the direction of the vehicle (ambulance, plane, etc.). ) carry him on his back to avoid further blood loss in the patient's brain due to acceleration.

3. If the shock patient is a pregnant woman in the big month, she should be placed in the lateral position, otherwise the fetus and the huge uterus will compress the blood vessels, resulting in a decrease in the amount of blood returning to the heart and aggravating the shock.

Thirteen, Burns

1, local cooling with cold water 10 min.

2. Cover with a clean and moist dressing.

3. When the wound is swollen, remove the watch, bracelet, ring, etc. , gently fix and bandage the dressing, be careful not to be too tight.

Tie a bandage on the other side of the wound.

Fourteen, burn treatment

1. If the burned skin is still intact, it should be cooled locally as soon as possible. For example, put it under the tap and rinse it for about 10 minutes. This will take away local tissue heat and reduce further damage.

2. Wrap the wound with a soft, moist, preferably sterilized cushion. Be careful not to be too tight.

3. If the skin is burned, cover it with a clean cushion to protect the wound and reduce the risk of infection.

Fifteen, gastric perforation

First aid formula: lie on your left side.

Typical symptoms: patients with gastric ulcer suddenly have unbearable severe abdominal pain, and the abdomen is hard and swollen, that is, it is very likely that gastric perforation will suddenly occur.

Patients with gastric ulcer are prone to gastric perforation after emotional fluctuation or overeating. Once the above symptoms appear, the possibility of gastric perforation should be considered immediately. Before the ambulance arrives, the following tasks should be completed:

1, don't roll over your stomach, you should lie on the bed on the left. The reason is that most perforation sites are located on the right side of the stomach. Lying to the left can effectively prevent gastric acid and food from further flowing to the abdominal cavity, thus aggravating the condition.

2. If the medical staff can't arrive in time, but there are some simple medical equipment at the scene, the patient can insert the gastric tube by himself. Specific methods: insert the stomach tube into the nostril to the throat, breathe hard and swallow, and swallow the stomach tube into the stomach. Then use a syringe to pump out the contents of the stomach, which can reduce the degree of infection in the abdominal cavity and win the treatment time for patients. Please remember that the patient must also lie on his left side at this time.

Sixteen, fishbone stuck in the throat

1, abdominal compression (chest compression if the patient is pregnant or obese). If the patient can't stand, put it flat on a solid plane, straddle the patient's leg and push the abdomen five times, and then check whether the foreign body coughs up.

3. If you dig a foreign object with your fingers, only dig when you can see the foreign object. Don't dig blindly.

Seventeen, gas poisoning

In mild poisoning, patients will feel dizzy, weak, nausea, vomiting and pallor. Severe poisoning may lead to dyspnea, convulsion and coma. The first aid method is: immediately open the doors and windows, move the patient to the air circulation place, unbutton the patient's clothes to make him breathe smoothly, and pay attention to keep warm and prevent pneumonia from catching cold. For mild poisoning, give him hot tea, take a deep breath, and quickly send him to the hospital for emergency treatment.

Eighteen, wooden thorn

Pay attention to whether there are wooden thorns left in the wound. Because the residue such as wooden thorn may cause the wound to fester, the stab wound is often deep and narrow, which is more conducive to the invasion, reproduction and infection of tetanus bacteria. Therefore, foreign bodies must be removed to eliminate hidden dangers.

After the finger is stuck by the wooden thorn, if the wooden thorn has been completely pulled out, you can gently squeeze the wound to squeeze out the blood stasis in the wound to reduce the chance of wound infection. Then disinfect the wound with iodine once, wipe the wound with alcohol twice and wrap it with sterile gauze. If there are wood thorns in the wound, after disinfection of the wound, you can try to pull them out completely with tweezers that have been disinfected by burning or rubbing with alcohol. If the exposed part of the wooden thorn is too short to be clamped with tweezers, you can cut the skin of the wound with a sterilized needle, appropriately expand the wound to expose the wooden thorn as much as possible, then clamp the wooden thorn with tweezers and gently pull it out, and then disinfect the wound again and wrap it with clean gauze. In order to prevent wound inflammation, it is best to take 2 tablets of sulfamethoxazole every day for 3-5 days. If the wooden thorn goes into your nail, you should go to the hospital. The doctor will cut the nail into a V shape and then pull out the wooden thorn.

Remember! Everyone should go to the hospital for tetanus antitoxin (TAT) just in case of deep wood stab wounds.

Nineteen, nail frustration

1, the most important thing is to prevent bacterial infection when nails are squeezed out. In case of emergency, first bind and fix the fingers squeezed out of the nails with gauze and bandage, and then use a cold bag for cold compress. Then lift the injured limb and go to the hospital immediately.

2. If there is bleeding under the nail bed due to trauma, and the blood does not flow out, so that the root of the nail bed bulges and the pain is unbearable, you can prick a small hole near the nail root with a red-hot sewing needle to discharge the accumulated blood, and pressurize the nail after disinfection.

Twenty, cardiac arrest

Cardiac arrest refers to the sudden stop of the heart, the disappearance of aortic pulsation and heart sounds, and the severe ischemia and hypoxia of important organs such as the brain, which leads to the termination of life. This kind of unexpected sudden death is also called sudden death in medicine.

The most common cause of cardiac arrest is ventricular fibrillation. If the patient does not respond to the call and the supraorbital and infraorbital pressures do not respond, it can be determined that the patient is in a coma. Then pay attention to observe whether the patient's chest and abdomen have undulating breathing movements. If there is no pulse when touching the carotid artery and femoral artery, and there is no heartbeat sound in the precordial area, it can be judged that the disease has a cardiac arrest.

Emergency treatment

The rescue of cardiac arrest must race against time. Don't wait for the ambulance to come before sending it to the hospital for treatment. We should take the following first aid measures to carry out cardiopulmonary resuscitation immediately.

1. Percussion in precordial area: Hold the patient's neck with one hand, and hold the patient's forehead with the other hand and push it back a little, so that the jaw is tilted up and the head is tilted back, which is beneficial to ventilation. Use the fleshy part at the bottom of the fist, above the middle of the sternum, 20 ~ 30 cm away from the chest wall, and suddenly hit it quickly. If there is no response, do chest compressions immediately. Let the patient put a hard board on his back and give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation at the same time. Observe the pupil of the patient. If the pupil shrinks (this is the most sensitive and meaningful sign of life) and the face and lips turn rosy, the rescue is effective.

2. Acupuncture at Renzhong point or Laogong point in the palm and Yongquan point in the foot plays a rescue role.

3, quickly remove the vomit in the pharynx, so as not to block the respiratory tract or pour into the lungs, causing suffocation and aspiration pneumonia.

4. Apply an ice pack to the head to cool down.

5, rushed to the hospital for treatment.

Severe acute alcoholism can cause symptoms such as irritability, lethargy, dehydration, convulsion, shock and weak breathing, and should be sent to the hospital as soon as possible. Note: coffee and strong tea should not be used to sober up.

First-aid knowledge jingle 20 words to 30 words 3 What are the first-aid tips for daily trauma?

I。 Abrasions and cuts

In daily life, bumping elbows, breaking knees and cutting fingers are inevitable. If not treated in time, serious wounds can cause infection within a few hours. Correct treatment can reduce the occurrence of complications.

If it is only a scratch or cut on the epidermis, you can first clean the wound with normal saline (or clear water if the conditions are limited), then wipe it with iodophor or iodine, and then wrap the wound with a band-aid. Open the band-aid every 1-2 days and disinfect the wound with iodophor. If the wound is deep and bleeding a lot, press the wound tightly with sterile gauze. If the bleeding does not stop after pressing the wound for 5 minutes, you should go to the hospital for treatment.

When should I go to the hospital for emergency treatment?

1, the bleeding did not stop when the wound was pressed for more than 5 minutes;

2, bitten by animals or people bleeding;

3. The wound is deep or cut;

4. Embedded or inserted by glass or metal;

5, don't feel the pain of the wound, it may have hurt the nerves there;

6. Limited wound activity may cause tendon injury;

7. The wound is red, swollen, hot and painful, with pus and signs of infection.

Do you need a tetanus shot?

Slim wounds injured by nails and wooden wedges are prone to tetanus. Once infected, it may develop into tetanus, which will affect the whole central nervous system, make muscles cramp and stiff, and threaten life. If the injured person has been injected with tetanus vaccine within 5 years, it is generally not necessary to go to the hospital for tetanus antitoxin injection. If the injured person has been vaccinated for more than 5 years or has never been vaccinated, it is recommended to take tetanus antitoxin immediately to prevent accidents.

Second, soft tissue injury

① Muscle strain:

Its symptoms are muscle pain and wound swelling, with obvious tenderness and hardness. According to the degree of pain, the severity of the injury can be inferred. The heavier the pain, the heavier the injury.

Once the pain is induced, stop exercising immediately. No ice and cold towels. Take local materials and ask your partner to buy a bottle of frozen mineral water (the colder the better) or popsicle from a nearby grocery store. Press hard on the painful part for 5- 10 minutes, then take it away for a while, and then press it on it to avoid the injured person suffering too much. This will last for 30 minutes. Doing so can reduce local congestion and edema, and can reduce the degree of skin swelling the next day.

It is not recommended to take medicine immediately at the early stage of muscle strain. After the above ice treatment, safflower oil and other drugs for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis can be applied locally after 24-48 hours.

② Contusion:

Contusion is common in all kinds of bruises in life. The temporary treatment of mild contusion is the same as that of muscle strain, and the methods of ice compress and cold compress are adopted. But many of us have a habit of being hit. We often rub the injured part with our hands or even apply it with a hot towel, which is wrong. This "heat treatment" of activating blood should be after 24 hours. Premature hot compress will make blood ooze. Cold compress should be applied the first day after contusion, and hot compress should be applied the next day. Drugs that can promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis (such as safflower oil) can basically recover in a week or so. Severe contusion should be treated in hospital in time.

(3) sprain:

Sprained foot is the most common type. Mild sprain is only a soft tissue injury, which may be a fracture of the lateral malleolus or the base of the fifth metatarsal, a fracture of both medial and lateral ankles, or even an ankle fracture. The light ones can be handled by themselves, and the heavy ones must go to the hospital for treatment.

Generally speaking, if you don't have severe pain when moving your ankle, you can still stand and walk reluctantly; If the pain is not in the bone but in the muscle, it is mostly a sprain and can be handled by yourself. If you feel severe pain when moving your ankle, you can't stand and move. The pain is on the bone, or when you sprain your foot, you feel a sound in your foot, and swelling will occur soon after the injury, especially the tender point is in the middle of the outer ankle or the bone protruding from the outer foot. That is a sign of serious injury. You should go to the hospital at once.

Correct use of hot compress and cold compress: both hot compress and cold compress are physical therapy, but their functions are completely different. Blood is alive when it is hot and solidified when it is cold. Therefore, when the ruptured blood vessel is still bleeding, cold compress should be used to control the development of injury. Only after the bleeding stops can hot compress be used to dispel the blood stasis around the wound.