Application and Development of Power Communication and Ubiquitous Power Internet of Things Technology

With the rapid development of China's social economy, the demand of society and enterprises for power services is increasing gradually, and distributed power generation equipment and power grid structure are developing rapidly. The traditional form of power grid can no longer meet the development needs of the current society. With the widespread popularity of 5G communication in various fields, the operation mode and function of power grid will inevitably get a new round of development direction. Therefore, it is an important trend and direction of power system development to combine the current power communication technology and the ubiquitous power Internet of Things to form the future power energy system. Therefore, at present, the State Grid attaches importance to the development content of ubiquitous power Internet of Things technology, and it is helpful to further expand the service scope and capacity of electric power by discussing technical modes and problems.

1 concept of ubiquitous power internet of things

1. 1 concept of ubiquitous power internet of things

Ubiquitous internet of things usually refers to the organic interconnection and interaction of information between people and things at any time and anywhere, while ubiquitous power internet of things specifically refers to the information interconnection and interaction among power users, power enterprises, suppliers and equipment. It can be said that the ubiquitous power Internet of Things is the application of Internet technology in the power system, which realizes the sharing of resources between different information-aware devices, thus realizing the intelligent processing entity that can perceive and identify itself. Through the interaction and connection between entities, relevant data and information can be sensed and feedback controlled, thus forming an integrated power production system. Ubiquitous power Internet of Things communication can realize the sharing and management of different data and information through intelligent communication technology on the power platform architecture, which will improve the utilization efficiency of data and information and facilitate the interaction and connection between data and information. Through the information sharing and interaction between users of different devices at any time and space, the stability of the overall operation of power is realized, which is conducive to the further development of the energy service platform in the power market.

1.2 development goal of ubiquitous power internet of things

The construction goal of ubiquitous power Internet of Things is mainly conducive to giving full play to the technical advantages of big data in the current Internet of Things, fully enveloping different data and different types of power information, improving the spatial scale and source range of data, and uniformly analyzing the depth and content of mining data. This will help the power data service to break the compatibility of data in different regions, realize the connection between various businesses, better serve the power data of various industries, and realize the establishment and development of business models through the extensive participation of various industries in society. Big data intelligence technology characterized by artificial intelligence and deep learning will promote the rapid development of power Internet of Things, and is also conducive to the mining and learning of data knowledge. It is foreseeable that the future will promote the development and progress of the whole industry.

2 The basic architecture of ubiquitous power Internet of Things

Generally speaking, the infrastructure of ubiquitous power Internet of Things is mainly divided into three aspects: technical architecture, standard architecture and application architecture. As far as technical architecture is concerned, it is mainly divided into four levels: perception, network, platform and application. The perceptual layer mainly completes the collaborative collection of data information. The intelligence of terminal equipment has been widely improved through edge computing. The network layer mainly uses modern communication technology to realize the coverage and connection between different power links. The platform layer is mainly used for data information management in the Internet of Things and collaboration between different clouds. The application layer is mainly used to improve the stability of the whole system, so as to build a comprehensive and intelligent Internet system among energy systems.

The standard architecture mainly provides standard support for the overall data platform, which will enable devices to generate a large amount of data between different links in the perception level. These data usually come from different sources and formats. If there is no perfect standard system, it is difficult for data to communicate with each other. Therefore, in order to solve the unification and communication between data, establishing a unified platform standard will promote the use and utilization of data and provide preparation and guarantee for the deep mining of data information. The application architecture of ubiquitous power Internet of Things is mainly used to ensure the operation of the whole power grid, improve the comprehensive service capacity of energy, and get a good energy ecosystem through economic market operation.

3 The development of power communication technology in the ubiquitous power Internet of Things

Ubiquitous power Internet of Things is a new Internet of Things system developed on the basis of communication technology. The core of its construction is to meet the intelligent judgment and adaptive adjustment ability of the power grid energy system and improve the energy substitution and utilization ability. For the power Internet of Things, communication technology is one of its core technical contents, and it is also the basic unit to realize the Internet of Everything. Power Internet of Things can ensure the interconnection and feedback of different types of communication networks. With the rapid development of current power communication technology, the ubiquitous power Internet of Things will be further developed.

3. 1 Basic principles of electric power communication

Since the development of 2G communication technology, mobile communication technology has taken digital signal as the basic communication mode. For 5G communication, digital signals will also be the basis of communication. Simply put, the concept of mobile communication is to use electromagnetic waves to spread freely in the air, communicate and realize signal transmission. As far as its components are concerned, it mainly includes key step units such as signal generator, receiver and modem. Wireless communication in the air will inevitably face various transmission situations such as reflection and scattering, and 5G communication is no exception. Compared with 4G communication, 5G communication has achieved a great leap. From the perspective of improving transmission signals, it mainly includes three aspects: 1. Expand resources and increase the frequency of electromagnetic wave signals. 2. Along the continuation theorem, the use efficiency of frequency is improved. 3. Develop technology to make materials denser. Frequency resources can be reused many times, so as to obtain higher density heterogeneous network connections.

3.2 Basic characteristics of 5G communication

5G communication must include at least the following five basic characteristics: high speed, large capacity, high reliability, low time delay and low energy consumption.

1. Expressway. The rate of 5g communication mainly includes three indicators: peak rate, regional rate and edge rate. Specifically, the peak rate refers to the rate obtained under good conditions. Regional rate refers to the total rate guaranteed by the communication system as a whole. Edge rate refers to the communication rate obtained by poor 5% users. The basic characteristics of high speed make 5G communication technology widely used in IOT system.

2. High capacity. Compared with traditional communication technology, 5G communication will include more equipment terminals. There are not only mobile phones, but also household appliances and various wearable devices. This also provides great material support for the development of the Internet of Things.

3. High reliability. The reliability of power communication is the primary guarantee of power system. 5G communication can ensure the overall reliability of information transmission and provide reliable technical support for power communication.

4. Low latency. Generally speaking, communication delay refers to the time required for information in the transmission process. For traditional technology, time has a great influence. So it is often overlooked. With the development of communication technology in the future, it is inevitable to require a better communication mode with time delay to meet the coordinated control between systems.

5. Low energy consumption. Basic power supply is often needed between sensors and communication equipment. The new 5G technology will save energy consumption and reduce energy waste.

4 Ankerui provides solutions for the construction of State Grid 202 1 Ubiquitous Power Internet of Things.

Ankerui Electric has been deeply involved in user-side energy efficiency management for many years, gradually improving the ecosystem from the power Internet of Things cloud platform to the terminal sensor, and increasing R&D investment in all aspects of "source (power supply)-network (power grid)-load-energy storage (energy storage)", forming "cloud (cloud platform)-pipe (wired/wireless Internet of Things)-edge (edge computing)-end". Provide a "three types and two networks" construction solution for State Grid, allowing users to realize information connection and interaction between people and things anytime and anywhere, and generate * * * shared data, thus serving power grid, power generation, suppliers and users.

4. 1 cloud platform

In recent years, Ankerui Electric has successively launched cloud platform solutions such as substation operation and maintenance cloud platform, energy management cloud platform, smart electricity consumption cloud platform, environmental protection electricity consumption supervision cloud platform, charging pile (electric vehicle/bicycle) operation management cloud platform and prepaid management cloud platform. , has been widely used in customer service, environmental protection, safety supervision, housing and urban-rural development departments of State Grid Corporation.

4. 1. 1 substation operation and maintenance cloud platform

According to statistics, the number of industrial and commercial users with high supply and high demand in China has reached more than 2 million, which is huge. However, most of the daily operation and maintenance work is traditional, and there are widespread problems such as high labor cost, low work efficiency, long troubleshooting time and weak risk prevention. State Grid Corporation and many power operation and maintenance companies are seizing this huge market, which is a billion-dollar market.

AcrelCloud- 1000 electric power operation and maintenance cloud platform adopts multi-function watt-hour meter, wireless communication, edge computing gateway and big data analysis technology, collects field data through intelligent gateway and stores them locally, and then pushes the data to the cloud platform regularly. The platform can access the data of thousands of user substations at the same time. The data collected by the platform includes the electrical parameters and environmental data of the substation, including current, voltage and power, switch state, transformer temperature, environmental temperature and humidity, flooding, smoke, video, access control and other information. If there is any abnormality, an alarm signal will be sent by SMS and APP within 10S. The platform transports the maintenance task to the designated person's mobile phone through the mobile APP, and carries out closed-loop tracking of the operation and maintenance execution process through GPS, which improves the operation and maintenance efficiency, and immediately finds and eliminates the operation defects.

4. 1.2 Energy Management Cloud Platform

Acrelcloud-5000 energy management cloud platform can be used in various industries, such as government office buildings, factories, educational buildings, medical buildings, commercial complexes and so on. , and can collect energy consumption data of multiple buildings or units in different areas through local area network, Internet or 4G network.

The platform collects building energy consumption data such as electricity, water, gas, cold and heat, and new energy data such as photovoltaic, wind power and energy storage, analyzes the energy consumption data, and subdivides it according to regions, departments and types of electrical equipment, providing year-on-year and month-on-month analysis and comparison and traceability of energy consumption data. At the same time, it can provide energy consumption data and reports of peak and valley periods to help users sort out the details of energy bills and formulate energy performance appraisal.

4. 1.3 environmental protection power supervision cloud platform

In recent years, our environmental quality has been greatly improved, which is attributed to the emphasis on environmental protection at the national level and the strong supervision and law enforcement by the environmental protection department. Ankerui has developed a solution of environmental protection electricity monitoring system to help environmental protection departments resolutely win the battle of blue sky and clear water.

Acrelcloud-3000 environmental electricity monitoring platform mainly serves environmental monitoring departments and pollution-producing and discharging enterprises, provides online monitoring and law enforcement basis for environmental protection departments, and provides equipment operation monitoring and pollution-producing and discharging data records for production enterprises.

The platform collects the total electricity consumption of production enterprises, production electricity consumption and pollution control equipment electricity consumption, carries out correlation analysis, and gives the abnormal signal of environmental protection equipment operation or enterprise production in time to realize the whole process of prevention and control. The front-end equipment adopts the power-off and wiring-free scheme to collect electricity consumption data, which is wirelessly uploaded to the environmental protection data gateway through LORA, and then uploaded to the platform server or county, city and provincial environmental protection platforms through 4G. Through the real-time monitoring of electricity consumption of pollution prevention facilities, local environmental protection departments can monitor the whole process of production and operation of pollutant discharge enterprises without dead ends, so as to change civil air defense into information technology defense, make punishment after the event into intervention in law enforcement, reverse the traditional state of relying on manpower and experience for on-site verification, open up more practical and effective supervision methods for environmental protection supervision and form a long-term mechanism.

4. 1.4 Smart Power Cloud Platform

According to the data on the website of the Emergency Management Department, during the period from 20 16 to 20 18, fires caused by electrical reasons accounted for about 30% to 34% of the total, among which 237,000 fires were reported in the whole country on 20 18, and fires caused by violation of electrical installation and use regulations accounted for 34% of the total. The State Council, the Fire Department of the Ministry of Public Security and municipalities directly under the Central Government have issued documents to promote the intelligent use of electricity and prevent electrical fires from the source. At present, the power consumption management platform has been widely developed in nine small places, three-in-one places, elderly welfare homes, medical places, schools, financial outlets and other crowded places.

Ankerui Acrelcloud-6000 power management cloud platform continuously tracks and statistically analyzes the main factors (cable temperature, leakage current, load current and voltage) that cause electrical fires, collects field data through 2G/NB-IOT/4G, and finds hidden dangers of electrical lines and electrical equipment (such as abnormal cable temperature, overload, overvoltage, undervoltage and leakage) in real time, and pushes them through SMS and APP. The system can display the leakage current, cable temperature and other electrical parameters of all monitoring points, support inspection records and scheduling operations, provide hidden danger analysis reports, and evaluate the power consumption situation of enterprises in real time.

4. 1.5 cloud platform for charging pile operation and management of electric vehicles/battery vehicles

Electric vehicles have become a widely used green energy vehicle. Acrelcloud-9000 charging pile operation management cloud platform system continuously collects and monitors the data of charging pile sites and charging piles connected to the system through the Internet of Things technology, and at the same time gives early warning of various faults such as over-temperature protection of the charger, over-voltage and under-voltage of the input and output of the charger, and insulation detection failure. After the user scans the QR code through WeChat applet and makes payment, the system initiates a charging request and controls the charging pile corresponding to the QR code to complete the charging process of the electric vehicle. Charging piles can be connected to the Internet through optional WIFI module or GPRS module, and directly connected to the cloud based on TCP/IP data interaction protocol through encryption technology and key distribution technology.

The number of electric bicycles is increasing, which solves the problem of short-distance travel for ordinary people. However, the news of fire accidents related to electric bicycles is also common, which has an increasing trend year by year, bringing huge losses to society and becoming a hidden danger to people's lives and property. Based on the hazards and characteristics of electric bicycle fire, government departments at all levels issued a document to regulate the parking and charging behavior of electric bicycle fire. Ankerui Acrelcloud-9500 charging pile operation and management cloud platform provides a package solution of charging management, asset management and transaction management for electric bicycle fire protection, which solves the problems of difficult charging, difficult management and expensive charging, and can be applied to the operation and management of electric bicycle charging places set up in commercial buildings, communities, schools, hospitals and other places.

4. 1.6 prepaid management cloud platform for property community

Ankerui remote prepayment system can be used for distributed financial operation, online payment, headquarters financial tying and so on. For commercial complexes, residential quarters, office buildings, serviced apartments and other properties, school and factory dormitory logistics management departments, supermarket chains, large-scale properties. At present, Acrelcloud-3000 prepaid management system has been widely used in the above scenarios and has been running stably for many years, which is suitable for the prepayment management of water and electricity for tenants such as residential areas, offices and shops by property companies, or the prepayment and control system of electricity for students' dormitories by schools.

4.2 wired/wireless IOT

Based on many years of project experience and the actual needs of users, Ankerui has developed various wired, regional and wide-area wireless communication products, including gateways and terminal equipment. Support RS485, Ethernet, LORA, ZigBee, GPRS, 4G, NB-IOT and other communication modes. With the acceleration of 5G construction, more and more communication modes will be integrated into products in the future to serve the construction of ubiquitous power Internet of Things.

4.3 Edge calculation

Ankerui has developed a variety of intelligent gateways for Internet of Things applications, using embedded systems and edge computing technology to collect and store terminal device data on the spot, and connecting with the cloud platform using different protocols according to the requirements of the cloud platform. All data acquisition, calculation and abnormal alarm triggering logic are set locally in the gateway. When the network fails, the data is stored locally, and the data is supplemented after the network is restored, and the data is continuously transmitted at the breakpoint to improve the data reliability.

4.4 Terminal equipment

In view of the ubiquitous power Internet of Things construction, Ankerui has successively launched a number of Internet of Things instruments, which are applied to different occasions to meet different needs. In 20 19, the shipments of various terminal instruments exceeded1850,000 units.

4.5 The Application of Ankerui Products in Ubiquitous Power Internet of Things

In the past two years, Ankerui has successively participated in the construction of customer-side energy management platform of some county and city electric power companies in Jiangsu Province, comprehensive energy service platform of Yunnan Power Grid, and power operation and maintenance platform of Jiading District 147 School in Shanghai, and provided products including cloud platform, intelligent gateway and terminal equipment. More than 700 sets of client cloud platforms have been operated all over the country, and the product functions have been continuously improved according to the needs of users. These projects are part of the ubiquitous power Internet of Things in the future.

"The spring of the energy Internet has arrived. Because of its capabilities, it will surely become a dynamic new energy format." Although there are some different voices against the ubiquitous power Internet of Things, the ubiquitous power Internet of Things has been quietly rolled out and integrated into all aspects of the energy Internet infrastructure.

5 Power Communication and Ubiquitous Power Internet of Things Construction Prospects

5. 1 Optimized development of communication power supply network

5.2 Diversified business model

With the application of power communication technology in the ubiquitous power Internet of Things, the business model of the whole power system will be expanded. The new business model will inevitably come into being with the market conditions, which is conducive to solving many problems of the traditional business model of power system for a long time. Among them, it will be possible to realize the energy transaction between individuals. With the power communication technology realizing the end-to-end communication technology as P2P transaction mode, the communication cost of the whole transaction is reduced, which is beneficial to the further development and optimization of the ubiquitous power Internet of Things system.