Jiangxi Provincial Geological Environment Monitoring Station

National geological environment monitoring capacity building

Jiangxi Province geological environment monitoring

1. Basic situation of geological environment monitoring institutions

Jiangxi Province Land and Resources Since the Department of Natural Resources was established in 2000, it has not had a directly affiliated geological environment monitoring agency. The Provincial Geological Environment Monitoring Station, which was originally engaged in groundwater monitoring, was affiliated to the Provincial Geological Survey Bureau. In November 2007, the Provincial Geological Survey Bureau merged the former Provincial Geological Environment Monitoring Station into its hydrogeological and engineering geological brigade, which is fully market-oriented. It implements one set of people and two brands, and manages it according to the enterprise model of public institutions. The management is in line with the hydrology team, and the source of funding mainly relies on market horizontal projects. Therefore, the monitoring agency has existed in name only and cannot meet the needs of public welfare geological environment monitoring.

Situation of the original Jiangxi Provincial Geological Environment General Station: The original general station had 100 employees (including branches), including 28 senior engineers, 12 engineers, 28 assistant engineers, and 32 other personnel. Mainly engaged in dynamic monitoring of groundwater in the province, as well as geological disaster investigation and assessment, mining environmental geological survey, etc., and at the same time, professional monitoring of geological disasters is carried out in the projects undertaken.

From left to right: Deputy webmaster Xiang Wen, webmaster Zhan Longhe, deputy webmaster and chief engineer Yan Chun

2. Monitoring network construction status

< p>(1) Construction of groundwater monitoring network

Dynamic monitoring of groundwater in Jiangxi Province began in the 1970s. In 1973, groundwater dynamic monitoring points were set up in Nanchang. In the early 1980s, groundwater dynamic monitoring points were added in Jiujiang, Ji'an, and Ganzhou cities. In 1995, groundwater dynamic monitoring points were added in Pingxiang City and Jingdezhen City. Since 1994, Jiangxi Province has established four national-level regional groundwater dynamic monitoring points in Zhangshu City, Wentang City in Yichun City, and Dunhou Town in Ji'an City for salt mining, geothermal (hot spring) utilization, and red layer groundwater extraction.

As of 2007, the province has carried out groundwater monitoring in six cities: Nanchang, Jiujiang, Ji'an, Ganzhou, Pingxiang and Jingdezhen. There are currently 154 groundwater dynamic monitoring points of various types (including 21 national-level monitoring points). There are 94 provincial-level monitoring points and 39 regional-level monitoring points, including 4 regional and national-level monitoring points (see Table 1 for details). Compared with the year with the most monitoring points in history (the total number of groundwater monitoring points in the late 1980s reached 521), the number of monitoring points has been reduced by more than 2/3.

Table 1 List of groundwater monitoring sites in Jiangxi Province in 2007

At present, the types of groundwater monitored in the province are mainly urban Quaternary loose rock pore water, and red beds in some areas Dissolved fissure water, carbonate rock fissure cave water and underground hot water. The groundwater monitoring and control area is 711.4km2. The monitoring items include water level, water temperature and water quality monitoring. Groundwater monitoring still uses simple monitoring methods such as clocks and multimeters. Groundwater monitoring frequency: water level and water temperature monitoring. National monitoring points monitor once every month on the 5th and 10th (February is the 28th or 29th). Provincial monitoring points monitor once every month on the 10th. Regions The first-level monitoring points are monitored once each year from May 25 to 28 and November 25 to 28; the water quality monitoring time is once each year from May 13 to 15 and November 13 to 15.

(2) Construction of geological disaster monitoring points

Geological disaster monitoring in Jiangxi Province is divided into professional monitoring and group measurement and prevention monitoring.

The professional monitoring points are 12 points established by the "Monitoring and Early Warning Demonstration of Key Geological Disaster-prone Areas in Jiangxi" project. Among them, the Hejiadong landslide in Xincheng District, Tonggu County, the Shuangxi Hydropower Station landslide in Dexing City, the Houcun Township Government landslide in Lichuan County, the Jinxi Meteorological Bureau landslide, and the Shitang Village landslide in Meangtou Town, Wan'an County were completed in 2004 (2007 Local residents were entrusted with manual monitoring at 8 manual monitoring points, including the landslide in Longtou Village, Lingbei Town, Dingnan County, the landslide in Shaxi Village, Manjiang Township, Xiushui County, and the Jincheng Avenue landslide in Lianhua County. These professional monitoring points are located in areas with large ground slopes in middle and low mountains or hilly areas, and are distributed in various development blocks of geological hazards. According to the types of rock and soil bodies, there are 3 magmatic rocks, 4 metamorphic rocks, and 1 general clastic rock. In 2007, the project established 7 automated professional monitoring points for geological disasters based on the seven major geological disaster-prone areas in Jiangxi Province. Among them, Tonggu County and Dexing City are the transformation of the original manual monitoring points.

Geological disaster group detection and prevention monitoring began in 1998.

At present, a 4-level mass monitoring and prevention network has been established in the province at the county, township, village and group level. There are currently 16,825 geological disaster monitoring and mass prevention monitoring points. The mass monitoring and mass prevention work plays an important role in the province's geological disaster prevention work. played an important role.

3. Current status of monitoring equipment (equipment)

(1) Groundwater monitoring equipment

Groundwater level monitoring still uses the more primitive tape measure and clock. For water sample collection, a "soil sampler" made of a bicycle inner tube is connected with a measuring bell and measuring rope to collect groundwater samples from the borehole.

(2) Professional monitoring equipment for geological disasters

The geological disaster monitoring equipment of the "Monitoring and Early Warning Demonstration of Key Geological Disaster-prone Areas in Jiangxi" project include: underground stress measurement device, groundwater level Measuring devices, soil moisture content measuring devices, rainfall measuring devices, and accessory solar panels, batteries, wire supports, etc.

The five artificial professional monitoring points for geological disasters in this project are equipped with three types of monitoring equipment: pore water pressure probes, stress boxes, and groundwater level monitoring wells, as shown in Table 2.

Table 2: List of manual professional monitoring equipment for geological disaster monitoring

The equipment installed at the 7 automated professional monitoring points for geological disasters in this project is shown in Table 3. The geological disaster automated monitoring system of this project collects relevant data through the host installed on site, relying on China Mobile's communication network, and sends it to the designated terminal (computer) in the form of mobile phone text messages every 30 minutes. After the computer receives the information, it will Process and convert into relevant data, and through the analysis of the data, the dynamic situation of the sliding body can be grasped. Automated monitoring has the characteristics of no need for human supervision, automatic data collection, automatic storage, and automatic transmission, which has greatly improved the level of monitoring and forecasting of geological disasters.

Table 3 List of geological disaster monitoring automation professional monitoring equipment

Extension chassis

Chassis and wire trough

Rain gauge, solar panel and Host

Geological disaster warning sign

Groundwater level monitor

Underground stress and soil moisture meter

IV. Information construction situation

Since 2002, the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Land and Resources and the Provincial Meteorological Bureau have jointly carried out geological disaster weather forecasts during the annual flood season. In the past 7 years, the government has issued 69 geological disaster weather forecasts for the province, and the city and county levels have issued 3,563 geological disaster weather forecasts. Geological disaster weather forecasts are released through various forms such as television, radio, telephone, fax, text messages, and websites. Regarding the remote emergency consultation system, it is planned to be constructed in the second phase of the Jiangxi Province Metal and Earth Engineering Project, and is currently in the preliminary research and preparation stage.

A national-level groundwater dynamic monitoring database and data reporting work procedures have been established, and the province's geological disaster spatial database is under construction based on the monitoring and early warning demonstration project in geological disaster-prone areas.

V. Main monitoring results and services

Groundwater monitoring in six cities and regions, including Nanchang, Jiujiang, Ji'an, Ganzhou, Pingxiang and Jingdezhen, is reported to the China Geological Environment Monitoring Institute every year. Level groundwater monitoring data, as well as annual reports and forecasts of groundwater conditions, and annual monitoring reports are compiled by city and archived as data.